UPR Sexual Rights Database

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UN Member State that is reviewed on its human rights record as part of the UPR process.

Categories of the types of information used during reviews

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Source of Reference

Recommending State

UN Member State or Permanent Observer making sexual rights related recommendations, comments or asking questions to the State under Review.

Review Documentation

Sources of information used as the basis for a State’s review.  Includes the State’s National Report, UN Compilation Report and a Stakeholder Summary.

UN Regional Group to which State under Review belongs.

UN Regional Group to which Recommending State belongs.

This will only match recommendations where the Source of Review is a State.

Implementation notes

State responses to recommendations and issues raised in the UN Compilation and Stakeholder summary.

Displaying 49101 - 49125 of 58126 recommendations found
  • State Under Review:

    Sudan

    Sudan
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    AL
    Source Of Reference:

    Georgia

    Georgia
    Regional group
    EEG
    Issue:
    • Women's and / or girls' rights
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    40th Session, January 2022
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Proceed with steps aimed at the elimination of discrimination and abuses against women and girls.
  • State Under Review:

    Sudan

    Sudan
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    AL
    Source Of Reference:

    Australia

    Australia
    Regional group
    WEOG
    Political group
    PIF
    Commonwealth
    Issue:
    • Violence against women / gender-based violence
    • Domestic violence
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    40th Session, January 2022
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Approve and implement the proposed violence against women law, including provisions which clearly criminalise domestic violence with strict punishments.
  • State Under Review:

    Sudan

    Sudan
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    AL
    Source Of Reference:

    Burkina Faso

    Burkina Faso
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    OIF
    Issue:
    • Female genital mutilation / cutting
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    40th Session, January 2022
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Uphold the prohibition of Female Genital Mutilation by effectively prosecuting those who encourage, facilitate and practice it.
  • State Under Review:

    Sudan

    Sudan
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    AL
    Source Of Reference:

    UN Compilation

    Issue:
    • Violence against women / gender-based violence
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    11th session, May 2011
    Status:
    Reference Addressed
    Contents:
    "In 2007, the Human Rights Council was deeply concerned about the seriousness of ongoing violations of human rights and international humanitarian law in Darfur, including ... gender-based violence against women and girls, as well as the lack of accountability of perpetrators of such crimes. [Para 16]"
  • State Under Review:

    Sudan

    Sudan
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    AL
    Source Of Reference:

    Stakeholder Summary

    Issue:
    • Gender equality
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    11th session, May 2011
    Status:
    Reference Addressed
    Contents:
    "JS1 stated that in the employment sector, women in similar positions to men
    received lower salaries than their male counterparts and were denied promotions. It also
    stated that in Western Bahr el Ghazal State, the authorities marginalized educated
    women. [Para 60]"
  • State Under Review:

    Sudan

    Sudan
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    AL
    Source Of Reference:

    DPR Korea

    DPR Korea
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Issue:
    • Family planning
    • Sexual and / or reproductive rights and / or health broadly
    Type:
    Comment
    Session:
    11th session, May 2011
    Status:
    No Response
    Contents:
    Welcomed the achievements in the area of economic, social and cultural rights, particularly [...] continued emphasis on national reproductive [health] and family planning...
  • State Under Review:

    Sudan

    Sudan
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    AL
    Source Of Reference:

    Thailand

    Thailand
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Political group
    ASEAN
    Issue:
    • Marginalized groups of women
    • Women's and / or girls' rights
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    11th session, May 2011
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Implement the recently adopted United Nations Rules for the Treatment of Women Prisoners and Non-custodial Measures for Women Offenders (the Bangkok Rules) to improve the treatment of female offenders and seek appropriate assistance for its implementation from relevant United Nations agencies.
  • State Under Review:

    Sudan

    Sudan
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    AL
    Source Of Reference:

    UN Compilation

    Issue:
    • Early marriage
    • Harmful practices based on cultural / traditional values
    • Forced marriage
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    11th session, May 2011
    Status:
    Neglected
    Contents:
    Strengthen educational and awareness-raising programmes on the harmful effects of early and forced marriage. [Para 38; CRC]
  • State Under Review:

    Sudan

    Sudan
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    AL
    Source Of Reference:

    Pakistan

    Pakistan
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Political group
    OIC
    Commonwealth
    Issue:
    • International human rights instruments
    • Gender equality
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    25th session, May 2016
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Consider ratifying international instruments particularly the CEDAW.
    Implementation
    National Report:
    Para 22) Sudan is in the process of ratifying the following instruments: • CEDAW (1979);
  • State Under Review:

    Sudan

    Sudan
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    AL
    Source Of Reference:

    South Africa

    South Africa
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    Commonwealth
    Issue:
    • Violence against women / gender-based violence
    • Sexual violence
    • Women's and / or girls' rights
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    25th session, May 2016
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Ensure provision of comprehensive and non-discriminatory health services to women and girls who have experienced sexual violence.
    Implementation
    National Report:
    Para 82) With a view to ensuring the provision of integrated health services for women and girls who are victims of sexual violence, the Public Prosecutor issued circular No. 6 of 2016 under which women who have suffered violence or serious abuse are to be given priority access to immediate treatment and assistance. Under the order, such cases are given precedence over other cases and are not required to fulfil the requirements of schedule 8 before gaining access to testing, treatment or assistance. They also have the right to pursue legal action on the basis of the medical report, leading to the punishment of the offenders and compensation for the victim.

  • State Under Review:

    Sudan

    Sudan
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    AL
    Source Of Reference:

    Timor-Leste

    Timor-Leste
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Issue:
    • Harmful practices based on cultural / traditional values
    • Female genital mutilation / cutting
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    25th session, May 2016
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Take further steps to eliminate female genital mutilation.
    Implementation
    National Report:
    Para 24) The State has continued to reform and develop domestic legislation by amending existing provisions or passing new ones, in line with obligations arising from international instruments and with a view to promoting and protecting human rights and fundamental freedoms. Since the submission of its second report, the State has issued the Constitutional Document for the transitional period in addition to a number of pieces of legislation, as follows: … (b) … • Criminalizing and punishing the practice of female genital mutilation (art. 141 (a) of the Criminal Code);
    Para 85) In recognition of the efforts the Government has made in this connection, in February 2019 UNESCO awarded its Prize in Social Sciences, Humanities and Arts to the National Council for Child Welfare for the success of the Saleema initiative to end female genital mutilation.
    Para 89) Social support is being provided to midwives and they are being given their own projects to run in order to improve their income and encourage them to abandon harmful traditional practices.
    Para 93) In order to raise the general level of awareness among security services and the judiciary regarding domestic and sexual violence and female genital mutilation, security and judicial officials have received training, both in Sudan and abroad, on the subject of violence against women and children.
    Para 94) (e) Female genital mutilation has been made a criminal offence under article 141 (a) of the Criminal Code as amended in 2020, and the Personal Status Act is being reviewed to bring it into line with international standards concerning age of marriage; (f) A strategy to end female genital mutilation 2021–2030 has been drafted and is currently in the final stages of approval, and a proposal has been made to include that issue in the school curriculum.

    UN Compilation:
    Para 48) The United Nations country team noted that, despite the recent adoption by the Sudan of a law criminalizing female genital mutilation, the prevalence of that harmful practice was alarming, with over 80 per cent of women nationwide subjected to it, reaching around 90 per cent in 7 of the 18 Sudanese states.

    Stakeholder Summary:
    Para 71) The Helena Kennedy Centre for international Justice noted that Sudan has one of the highest rates of FGM in the world: It is reported that 88% of women aged 15-49 have been cut.


  • State Under Review:

    Sudan

    Sudan
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    AL
    Source Of Reference:

    Belgium

    Belgium
    Regional group
    WEOG
    Political group
    EU
    OIF
    Issue:
    • International human rights instruments
    • Gender equality
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    25th session, May 2016
    Status:
    Unclear Response
    Contents:
    Sign and ratify CEDAW.
    Explanation
    Noted. Ratifying CEDAW is under consideration.
    Implementation
    National Report:
    Para 22) Sudan is in the process of ratifying the following instruments: • CEDAW (1979);
  • State Under Review:

    Sudan

    Sudan
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    AL
    Source Of Reference:

    Poland

    Poland
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    EU
    Issue:
    • International human rights instruments
    • Gender equality
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    25th session, May 2016
    Status:
    Unclear Response
    Contents:
    Ratify CEDAW.
    Explanation
    Noted. Ratifying CEDAW is under consideration
    Implementation
    National Report:
    Para 22) Sudan is in the process of ratifying the following instruments: • CEDAW (1979);
  • State Under Review:

    Sudan

    Sudan
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    AL
    Source Of Reference:

    Iceland

    Iceland
    Regional group
    WEOG
    Issue:
    • Harmful practices based on cultural / traditional values
    • Marital rape
    • Violence against women / gender-based violence
    • Female genital mutilation / cutting
    • Sexual violence
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    25th session, May 2016
    Status:
    Unclear Response
    Contents:
    Criminalize violence against women and girls, female genital mutilation and marital rape.
    Explanation
    Noted. Violence against women and marital rape are criminalized in the penal code, while FGM is being combated by both awareness raising and preventing the practice.
    Implementation
    National Report:
    Para 24) The State has continued to reform and develop domestic legislation by amending existing provisions or passing new ones, in line with obligations arising from international instruments and with a view to promoting and protecting human rights and fundamental freedoms. Since the submission of its second report, the State has issued the Constitutional Document for the transitional period in addition to a number of pieces of legislation, as follows: … (b) … • Criminalizing and punishing the practice of female genital mutilation (art. 141 (a) of the Criminal Code);
    Para 94) (e) Female genital mutilation has been made a criminal offence under article 141 (a) of the Criminal Code as amended in 2020, and the Personal Status Act is being reviewed to bring it into line with international standards concerning age of marriage;

    UN Compilation:
    Para 48) The United Nations country team noted that, despite the recent adoption by the Sudan of a law criminalizing female genital mutilation, the prevalence of that harmful practice was alarming, with over 80 per cent of women nationwide subjected to it, reaching around 90 per cent in 7 of the 18 Sudanese states.

  • State Under Review:

    Sudan

    Sudan
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    AL
    Source Of Reference:

    Stakeholder Summary

    Issue:
    • Violence against women / gender-based violence
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    25th session, May 2016
    Status:
    Reference Addressed
    Contents:
    ... Recommended Sudan to establish an independent investigation into those cases, and on other reported cases of extra-judicially killings of suspected SPLM supporters, ethnic Nubans and Christians, including women and children by the SAF and allied militias who are involved in. [Para 28]
  • State Under Review:

    Sudan

    Sudan
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    AL
    Source Of Reference:

    Spain

    Spain
    Regional group
    WEOG
    Political group
    EU
    OEI
    Issue:
    • International human rights instruments
    • Gender equality
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    11th session, May 2011
    Status:
    Rejected
    Contents:
    Sign and ratify the First OP to the ICCPR; OP-ICESCR; ...OP-CEDAW
    Explanation
    The Government does not think of acceding to [these] following international instruments at the meantime.

    We do not accept to ratify CEDAW Optional Protocol at the present time.
  • State Under Review:

    Sudan

    Sudan
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    AL
    Source Of Reference:

    Saudi Arabia

    Saudi Arabia
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Political group
    OIC
    AL
    Issue:
    • International human rights instruments
    Type:
    Question
    Session:
    11th session, May 2011
    Status:
    Not Followed up with a Recommendation
    Contents:
    Enquired about measures to implement the CRC.
  • State Under Review:

    Sudan

    Sudan
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    AL
    Source Of Reference:

    Stakeholder Summary

    Issue:
    • Violence against women / gender-based violence
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    40th Session, January 2022
    Status:
    Not Followed up with a Recommendation
    Contents:
    ACHPR called on the Transitional Authorities in Sudan to: strengthen the judicial system and its independence, to intensify the fight against impunity, including for gender-based violence and the violations of economic, social and cultural rights, and to ensure that those responsible for past and present crimes are held accountable; [Para 34]
  • State Under Review:

    Sudan

    Sudan
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    AL
    Source Of Reference:

    Stakeholder Summary

    Issue:
    • Sexual abuse
    • Sexual violence
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    40th Session, January 2022
    Status:
    Reference Addressed
    Contents:
    JS4 stated that, on 3 June 2019, government forces led by the RSF shot live bullets at protesters, beat them with sticks and batons, rounded up hundreds and subjected them to various forms of humiliation, including beating, rape and sexual assaults. [Para 25]
  • State Under Review:

    Sudan

    Sudan
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    AL
    Source Of Reference:

    Marshall Islands

    Marshall Islands
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Political group
    PIF
    Issue:
    • International human rights instruments
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    40th Session, January 2022
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Ratify the CEDAW.
  • State Under Review:

    Sudan

    Sudan
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    AL
    Source Of Reference:

    Iceland

    Iceland
    Regional group
    WEOG
    Issue:
    • Criminal laws on same-sex sexual practices
    • Rights of same-sex desiring persons
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    40th Session, January 2022
    Status:
    Unclear Response
    Contents:
    Decriminalize sexual relations between consenting adults of the same sex.
    Explanation
    Noted.
  • State Under Review:

    Sudan

    Sudan
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    AL
    Source Of Reference:

    Ukraine

    Ukraine
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    CIS
    Issue:
    • Women's and / or girls' rights
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    40th Session, January 2022
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Ensure promotion of women's rights.
  • State Under Review:

    Sudan

    Sudan
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    AL
    Source Of Reference:

    Malta

    Malta
    Regional group
    WEOG
    Political group
    EU
    Commonwealth
    Issue:
    • Violence against women / gender-based violence
    • Sexual violence
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    40th Session, January 2022
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Adopt measures for the protection and prevention of sexual and gender-based violence, in addition to mechanisms for accountability, in conflict-affected and displacement settings.
  • State Under Review:

    Sudan

    Sudan
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    AL
    Source Of Reference:

    Slovenia

    Slovenia
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    EU
    Issue:
    • Violence against women / gender-based violence
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    40th Session, January 2022
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Investigate all cases of human rights violations and abuses, foremost gender-based violence and to hold perpetrators to account.
  • State Under Review:

    Sudan

    Sudan
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    AL
    Source Of Reference:

    National Report

    Issue:
    • Violence against women / gender-based violence
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    11th session, May 2011
    Status:
    N/A
    Contents:
    "With respect to the Criminal Code of 1991, it was amended in 2009 to include a
    provision on special protection for women during armed conflict. The Armed Forces Act of
    2007 also comprises an article on special protection for women during armed conflict. [Para 71]"