UPR Sexual Rights Database

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UN Member State that is reviewed on its human rights record as part of the UPR process.

Categories of the types of information used during reviews

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Source of Reference

Recommending State

UN Member State or Permanent Observer making sexual rights related recommendations, comments or asking questions to the State under Review.

Review Documentation

Sources of information used as the basis for a State’s review.  Includes the State’s National Report, UN Compilation Report and a Stakeholder Summary.

UN Regional Group to which State under Review belongs.

UN Regional Group to which Recommending State belongs.

This will only match recommendations where the Source of Review is a State.

Implementation notes

State responses to recommendations and issues raised in the UN Compilation and Stakeholder summary.

Displaying 401 - 425 of 58160 recommendations found
  • State Under Review:

    Albania

    Albania
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    OIC
    OIF
    Source Of Reference:

    National Report

    Issue:
    • Gender equality
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    6th session, December 2009
    Status:
    N/A
    Contents:
    The principle of gender equality occupies a significant place in the Constitution of the Republic of Albania, as well as in other legal acts and by-laws. The definition of gender discrimination is provided in law "On gender equality in society" adopted in 2008 and is in compliance with the article 1 of the CEDAW Convention. [Para 90]
  • State Under Review:

    Albania

    Albania
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    OIC
    OIF
    Source Of Reference:

    UN Compilation

    Issue:
    • Gender equality
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    6th session, December 2009
    Status:
    Reference Addressed
    Contents:
    CEDAW urged Albania to implement measures to eliminate the practice of customary law and traditional codes of conduct discriminating against women. [Para 22]
  • State Under Review:

    Albania

    Albania
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    OIC
    OIF
    Source Of Reference:

    Mexico

    Mexico
    Regional group
    GRULAC
    Political group
    OAS
    OEI
    ACS
    Issue:
    • Intersex persons' rights
    • Discrimination based on sexual orientation
    • Discrimination based on gender identity
    • Rights of same-sex desiring persons
    • Transgender persons' rights
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    33rd Session, May 2019
    Status:
    Unclear Response
    Contents:
    Reform the Family Law so as to give legal recognition to couples of the same sex, to fight against discrimination and hate crimes based on sexual orientation and gender identity as well as guarantee access to health services for LGBTI persons.
    Explanation
    Noted. In relation with the amendments of the Family Code to provide legal recognition for the same sex partnership, and same sex civil union as is stated specifically in the above recommendations, the Government of the Republic of Albania is currently not planning (for the next 4 years) proposals to include these amendments on the Family Code.
  • State Under Review:

    Albania

    Albania
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    OIC
    OIF
    Source Of Reference:

    Venezuela

    Venezuela
    Regional group
    GRULAC
    Political group
    OAS
    OEI
    ACS
    Issue:
    • Trafficking in women and / or girls
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    33rd Session, May 2019
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Continue increasing national actions in the fight against trafficking in persons, especially women and children, reinforcing measures to prevent, detect, and punish such offences.
  • State Under Review:

    Albania

    Albania
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    OIC
    OIF
    Source Of Reference:

    Austria

    Austria
    Regional group
    WEOG
    Political group
    EU
    Issue:
    • Gender equality
    • Domestic violence
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    33rd Session, May 2019
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Improve institutional mechanisms for the protection of victims of domestic violence and fully implement, without further delay, the provisions of the national action plan on gender equality and domestic violence.
  • State Under Review:

    Albania

    Albania
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    OIC
    OIF
    Source Of Reference:

    Moldova

    Moldova
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    CIS
    OIF
    Issue:
    • Violence against women / gender-based violence
    • Training for state personnel on sexual rights issues
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    33rd Session, May 2019
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Provide ongoing trainings for police, judges, health professionals, victim support services, and other professional institutions dealing with victims of gender based and domestic violence.
  • State Under Review:

    Albania

    Albania
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    OIC
    OIF
    Source Of Reference:

    Russian Federation

    Russian Federation
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    CIS
    Issue:
    • Early marriage
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    33rd Session, May 2019
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Introduce legislative ban on early child marriages and hold accountable those violating such ban.
  • State Under Review:

    Albania

    Albania
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    OIC
    OIF
    Source Of Reference:

    UN Compilation

    Issue:
    • Violence against women / gender-based violence
    • Sexual violence
    • Domestic violence
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    33rd Session, May 2019
    Status:
    Not Followed up with a Recommendation
    Contents:
    The United Nations country team … recommended that the legal framework be brought into full compliance with the Council of Europe Convention on Preventing and Combating Violence against Women and Domestic Violence (Istanbul Convention), including by revising the definition of rape and ensuring protection and prevention measures for victims of all forms of sexual violence ... [Para 30]
  • State Under Review:

    Albania

    Albania
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    OIC
    OIF
    Source Of Reference:

    Stakeholder Summary

    Issue:
    • Domestic violence
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    33rd Session, May 2019
    Status:
    Not Followed up with a Recommendation
    Contents:
    JS2 stressed the importance of the national referral mechanism and reported that such a mechanism was functional only in certain municipalities. It noted that the cooperation among the responsible institutions needed to be strengthened for a faster and more efficient response in following up on the episodes of domestic violence. In 2017, the Council of Europe Group of Experts on Action against Violence against Women (CoE-GREVIO) made similar recommendations. [Para 28]
  • State Under Review:

    Albania

    Albania
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    OIC
    OIF
    Source Of Reference:

    Greece

    Greece
    Regional group
    WEOG
    Political group
    EU
    OIF
    Issue:
    • Gender equality
    • Women's and / or girls' rights
    Type:
    Question
    Session:
    6th session, December 2009
    Status:
    Not Followed up with a Recommendation
    Contents:
    Requested further information about actions and measures to be undertaken in order to [...] increase public awareness on gender equality and women rights.
  • State Under Review:

    Albania

    Albania
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    OIC
    OIF
    Source Of Reference:

    Italy

    Italy
    Regional group
    WEOG
    Political group
    EU
    Issue:
    • Gender equality
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    19th session, May 2014
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Adopt and implement further measures in order to address the gender wage gap, improve women's access to entrepreneurship and ensure a balanced representation of women in the labour market.
    Implementation
    National Report:
    Para 34) Amendments of the Labor Code in December 2015 introduced new provisions, with direct impact in women, including: an improved definition of sexual harassment in the work place; the reverse of the burden of proof for sexual harassment; additional guarantees for women’s return to work after their maternity leave; non-discriminatory remuneration for all, and not only for men and women, etc.
    Para 36) Several bylaws in relation to economic position of women were adopted , such as: On the right to withdraw economic aid, exclusively by women, that will increase the access to financial resources; Specific measures are adopted to support women entrepreneurs and women's development initiatives in rural areas.

    UN Compilation:
    Para 34) [CEDAW] was also concerned about the concentration of women in the informal labour market without adequate labour and social protection, the significant gender wage gap, particularly in the private sector, and the extremely low minimum wage that disproportionately affected women.83 The United Nations country team raised similar concerns.
    Para 35) [CEDAW] welcomed the adoption of the action plan for supporting women entrepreneurs for 2014–202085 and the amendment made in 2014 to the Law on Social Assistance and Social Services, which provided for social assistance to be paid directly to women. Nevertheless, the Committee noted with concern the limited implementation of those measures, in particular at the local level and with regard to women and girls belonging to disadvantaged or marginalized groups.
  • State Under Review:

    Albania

    Albania
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    OIC
    OIF
    Source Of Reference:

    United Kingdom

    United Kingdom
    Regional group
    WEOG
    Political group
    EU
    Commonwealth
    Issue:
    • Domestic violence
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    19th session, May 2014
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Ensure that reports of domestic violence are investigated swiftly and fully, and that prosecutions are carried out with the full force of the law.
    Implementation
    National Report:
    Para 46) An increase in reporting and cases management, particularly in cases of domestic violence, has been evidenced by the State Police. During 2016–2018, there are in total 13661 cases of domestic violence: 6187 claims for Emergency Protection Orders and Protection Orders (EPO / PO-7837 women and girls identified as victims of violence. 7847 lawsuits for EPO/PO.
    Para 47) According to the General Prosecution Office, in relation with criminal offense "Domestic Violence" from 2016–2018, the number of recorded criminal proceedings is: 3566 cases, with an increase of percentage year by year. The Prosecution Office submitted before the court over 79% of the criminal proceedings cases.
    Para 48) An online registration system on statistical data on domestic violence at the local level is operational. National Data System on domestic violence cases at the local level (REVALB) is used by 22 municipalities. Local violence coordinators in each municipality collect data on cases identified and addressed by the Referral Mechanism for Addressing Cases of Domestic Violence (Referral Mechanism). The system registers every case of violence identified and addressed by the local referral mechanism.

    Stakeholder Summary:
    Para 30) JS5 further observed that the number of protection orders increased by one third due to increased awareness by victims of domestic violence, as well as the increased accountability of responsible institutions in addressing domestic violence. JS5 noted that courts dismissed an alarming number of protection order cases mostly because the petitioner had asked to withdraw the request or because the offender had failed to show up to the court hearing or following reconciliation.
  • State Under Review:

    Albania

    Albania
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    OIC
    OIF
    Source Of Reference:

    Nicaragua

    Nicaragua
    Regional group
    GRULAC
    Political group
    OAS
    OEI
    ACS
    Issue:
    • Domestic violence
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    19th session, May 2014
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Promote a comprehensive policy of sensitization to the fight against domestic violence.
    Implementation
    National Report:
    Para 50) The awareness raising activities have been organized by the Ministry of Health and Social Protection within “the 16 days of activism against gender based violence and domestic violence” (25 November-10 December yearly), in close cooperation with line ministries, civil society organisations, international organizations.
  • State Under Review:

    Albania

    Albania
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    OIC
    OIF
    Source Of Reference:

    UN Compilation

    Issue:
    • Sexual abuse
    • Sexual exploitation / slavery
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    19th session, May 2014
    Status:
    Reference Addressed
    Contents:
    ... It urged Albania to revise its legislation to ensure that children up to the age of 18 were protected against sexual abuse and exploitation. [Para 19; CRC]
  • State Under Review:

    Albania

    Albania
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    OIC
    OIF
    Source Of Reference:

    National Report

    Issue:
    • Gender equality
    • Domestic violence
    • Women's and / or girls' rights
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    19th session, May 2014
    Status:
    N/A
    Contents:
    ... During 2010-2013 the legal and normative framework on the protection of human rights has been enhanced and constantly complemented concerning discrimination, protection of the rights of the child, women's rights, gender equality, domestic violence ... [Para 3]
  • State Under Review:

    Albania

    Albania
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    OIC
    OIF
    Source Of Reference:

    Chile

    Chile
    Regional group
    GRULAC
    Political group
    OAS
    OEI
    Issue:
    • Violence against women / gender-based violence
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    6th session, December 2009
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Fully implement the National Strategy on Gender Equality and Domestic Violence, intended to tackle violence against women.
    Implementation
    UN Compilation:
    Para 16) Several treaty bodies welcomed the National Strategy on Gender Equality and Reduction of Gender-based Violence in the Family for 2011-2015. While commending the criminalization of domestic violence and spousal rape, the HR Committee noted with regret the continuing reports of domestic violence against women and children. It was concerned at: reports of ineffective police investigation into complaints of domestic violence; the low number of convictions; and the lack of follow-up to protection orders and of a sufficient number of shelters for victims of domestic violence.
  • State Under Review:

    Albania

    Albania
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    OIC
    OIF
    Source Of Reference:

    National Report

    Issue:
    • Sexual exploitation / slavery
    • Trafficking in women and / or girls
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    6th session, December 2009
    Status:
    N/A
    Contents:
    Trafficking and exploitation of women for prostitution, one of the ugliest forms of the human rights violation was a very worrying phenomenon in Albania especially during the 90s. Owing to the establishment of a complete legal framework and the setting up of structures for the prevention, protection and rehabilitation of trafficking victims, Albania is not considered a transit or destination country of prostitution any longer, or a country under monitoring regime, but it is a state that has made a lot of progress in the fight against trafficking in human beings. [Para 100]
  • State Under Review:

    Albania

    Albania
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    OIC
    OIF
    Source Of Reference:

    UN Compilation

    Issue:
    • Gender equality
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    19th session, May 2014
    Status:
    Reference Addressed
    Contents:
    CEDAW recommended that Albania address gender stereotypes that perpetuate discrimination against women. [Para 6]
  • State Under Review:

    Albania

    Albania
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    OIC
    OIF
    Source Of Reference:

    Portugal

    Portugal
    Regional group
    WEOG
    Political group
    EU
    OEI
    Issue:
    • International human rights instruments
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    33rd Session, May 2019
    Status:
    Unclear Response
    Contents:
    Ratify the OP-ICESCR.
    Explanation
    Noted. Taking into account that the subject-matter of this Convention are tribal peoples in independent countries whose social, cultural and economic conditions differ from other parts of the community and whose status is wholly or partially regulated by traditions, specific laws or regulations, and peoples in independent countries who are considered indigenous because of their background and who, regardless of their legal status, retain some or all of their own social, economic, cultural and political institutions, and given the fact that there are no such groups in the Republic of Albania, we consider that it is not a priority to ratify this convention.
  • State Under Review:

    Albania

    Albania
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    OIC
    OIF
    Source Of Reference:

    Honduras

    Honduras
    Regional group
    GRULAC
    Political group
    OAS
    OEI
    ACS
    Issue:
    • Violence on the basis of sexual orientation
    • Violence on the basis of gender identity
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    33rd Session, May 2019
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Strengthen policies to combat violent offences and hate crimes based on the sexual orientation and gender identity through establishing more solid links with the civil society and guaranteeing the implementation of legal provisions on hate crimes.
  • State Under Review:

    Albania

    Albania
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    OIC
    OIF
    Source Of Reference:

    Chile

    Chile
    Regional group
    GRULAC
    Political group
    OAS
    OEI
    Issue:
    • Intersex persons' rights
    • Discrimination based on sexual orientation
    • Discrimination based on gender identity
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    33rd Session, May 2019
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Develop programs in schools to eliminate harassment of LGTBI children and adolescents, and implement psychological support measures to reduce the dropout rates of LGTBI students.
  • State Under Review:

    Albania

    Albania
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    OIC
    OIF
    Source Of Reference:

    Honduras

    Honduras
    Regional group
    GRULAC
    Political group
    OAS
    OEI
    ACS
    Issue:
    • Violence against women / gender-based violence
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    33rd Session, May 2019
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Implement fully the normative framework and policies aimed at preventing violence against women, particularly by addressing factors that prevent denunciations of cases of gender-based violence.
  • State Under Review:

    Albania

    Albania
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    OIC
    OIF
    Source Of Reference:

    Chile

    Chile
    Regional group
    GRULAC
    Political group
    OAS
    OEI
    Issue:
    • Domestic violence
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    33rd Session, May 2019
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Increase the coordination between the institutions that provide prevention and rehabilitation services to victims of domestic violence, as well as ensure the resources for the operation of these institutions.
  • State Under Review:

    Albania

    Albania
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    OIC
    OIF
    Source Of Reference:

    UN Compilation

    Issue:
    • Violence against women / gender-based violence
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    33rd Session, May 2019
    Status:
    Reference Addressed
    Contents:
    The country team ... stressed the need to provide women and children who had been isolated as a result of blood feuds with economic aid, social services, education and health care, including a basic package of primary health-care services. [Para 12]
  • State Under Review:

    Albania

    Albania
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    OIC
    OIF
    Source Of Reference:

    Stakeholder Summary

    Issue:
    • Marginalized groups of women
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    33rd Session, May 2019
    Status:
    Not Followed up with a Recommendation
    Contents:
    JS1 reported that girl children in conflict with the law continued to be kept in the same premises as women … [Para 11]