UPR Sexual Rights Database

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UN Member State that is reviewed on its human rights record as part of the UPR process.

Categories of the types of information used during reviews

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Source of Reference

Recommending State

UN Member State or Permanent Observer making sexual rights related recommendations, comments or asking questions to the State under Review.

Review Documentation

Sources of information used as the basis for a State’s review.  Includes the State’s National Report, UN Compilation Report and a Stakeholder Summary.

UN Regional Group to which State under Review belongs.

UN Regional Group to which Recommending State belongs.

This will only match recommendations where the Source of Review is a State.

Implementation notes

State responses to recommendations and issues raised in the UN Compilation and Stakeholder summary.

Displaying 49201 - 49225 of 58160 recommendations found
  • State Under Review:

    Sudan

    Sudan
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    AL
    Source Of Reference:

    Stakeholder Summary

    Issue:
    • Violence against women / gender-based violence
    • Training for state personnel on sexual rights issues
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    11th session, May 2011
    Status:
    Reference Addressed
    Contents:
    "CSW recommended increased efforts to raise awareness and education of the police and general public about gender-based violence. [Para 32]"
  • State Under Review:

    Sudan

    Sudan
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    AL
    Source Of Reference:

    Ecuador

    Ecuador
    Regional group
    GRULAC
    Political group
    OAS
    OEI
    Issue:
    • International human rights instruments
    • Gender equality
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    11th session, May 2011
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Accede or ratify the following international instruments: CEDAW...
    Implementation
    National Report:
    Para 53) ... Committees have been formed to study the possibility of acceding to the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women
  • State Under Review:

    Sudan

    Sudan
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    AL
    Source Of Reference:

    UN Compilation

    Issue:
    • International human rights instruments
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    11th session, May 2011
    Status:
    Neglected
    Contents:
    Reports to CESCR overdue.
  • State Under Review:

    Sudan

    Sudan
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    AL
    Source Of Reference:

    Chile

    Chile
    Regional group
    GRULAC
    Political group
    OAS
    OEI
    Issue:
    • Gender equality
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    25th session, May 2016
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Establish a general coordinated strategy on gender issues within all the public institutions.
    Implementation
    National Report:
    Para 79) The Government rolled out its national policy for the empowerment of women in 2007 then updated in 2017, making it part of overall development plans.
  • State Under Review:

    Sudan

    Sudan
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    AL
    Source Of Reference:

    Belgium

    Belgium
    Regional group
    WEOG
    Political group
    EU
    OIF
    Issue:
    • Harmful practices based on cultural / traditional values
    • Violence against women / gender-based violence
    • Female genital mutilation / cutting
    • Sexual violence
    • Domestic violence
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    25th session, May 2016
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Strengthen the general public awareness of, security services and the administration of justice regarding domestic violence, sexual violence, female genital mutilation, particularly through training and launching of awareness and information campaigns.
    Implementation
    National Report:
    Para 93) In order to raise the general level of awareness among security services and the judiciary regarding domestic and sexual violence and female genital mutilation, security and judicial officials have received training, both in Sudan and abroad, on the subject of violence against women and children.
  • State Under Review:

    Sudan

    Sudan
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    AL
    Source Of Reference:

    Republic of Korea

    Republic of Korea
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Issue:
    • Violence against women / gender-based violence
    • Sexual violence
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    25th session, May 2016
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Investigate sexual violence in conflict.
    Implementation
    National Report:
    Para 171) As a way of preventing attacks against civilians, the State has adopted an integrated approach to crisis management in Darfur with a view to reducing the number of crimes committed in that region. At the same time, the presence of organs of the judiciary – such as prosecution offices and courts – has been strengthened in areas that have recently witnessed conflicts. Human rights violations, particularly sexual assaults in conflict areas, were recorded over 12 months during the transitional period, for which reason the Security Council issued its resolution 2524 (2020).
    Para 172) A special prosecutor for crimes committed in Darfur has been appointed to conduct inquiries into all allegations of sexual violence in conflict zones. The Special Court for Darfur was established before the transitional period and its mandate was renewed under the Juba Peace Agreement.
    Para 173) The Prosecutor General has assigned a number of deputy prosecutors to pursue investigations into incidents in Darfur in general, and into cases of sexual violence in particular. They work under the Public Prosecutor’s direct supervision and in cooperation with the ICC Chief Prosecutor and the Ministry of Justice.

    UN Compilation:
    Para 49) The Office of the Special Representative of the Secretary-General for Children and Armed Conflict expressed concern at the prevalence of killing and maiming of children and sexual violence against them.
  • State Under Review:

    Sudan

    Sudan
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    AL
    Source Of Reference:

    France

    France
    Regional group
    WEOG
    Political group
    EU
    OIF
    Issue:
    • International human rights instruments
    • Gender equality
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    25th session, May 2016
    Status:
    Unclear Response
    Contents:
    Ratify CEDAW.
    Explanation
    Noted. Ratifying CEDAW is under consideration
    Implementation
    National Report:
    Para 22) Sudan is in the process of ratifying the following instruments: • CEDAW (1979);
  • State Under Review:

    Sudan

    Sudan
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    AL
    Source Of Reference:

    Sweden

    Sweden
    Regional group
    WEOG
    Political group
    EU
    Issue:
    • International human rights instruments
    • Gender equality
    • Women's participation
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    25th session, May 2016
    Status:
    Unclear Response
    Contents:
    Ratify the CEDAW and adopt a National Action Plan on Security Council resolution 1325 on women, peace and security.
    Explanation
    Ratifying CEDAW is under consideration, the national Plan of Action on 1325 has been drafted and in the adoption process.
    Implementation
    National Report:
    Para 22) Sudan is in the process of ratifying the following instruments: • CEDAW (1979);
    Para 78) In 2020, in the context of the women and peace and security agenda, the Council of Ministers endorsed a national plan regarding Security Council resolution 1325 (2000). The same issue is covered in the 2019 Constitutional Document, specifically in chapter XV on issues related to peace (art. 68 (3)), and it is one of the basic clauses of the 2020 Juba Peace Agreement. This is confirmation of the Government’s concern for women. A ministerial committee has also been set up to implement the resolution.
  • State Under Review:

    Sudan

    Sudan
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    AL
    Source Of Reference:

    UN Compilation

    Issue:
    • Marginalized groups of women
    • Women's and / or girls' rights
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    25th session, May 2016
    Status:
    Neglected
    Contents:
    The Special Rapporteur on women noted information regarding the racialized/ethnicized targeting of Darfuri women students, such as the practice of cutting their hair and questioning their "Arab" identity. [Para 22]
  • State Under Review:

    Sudan

    Sudan
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    AL
    Source Of Reference:

    UN Compilation

    Issue:
    • Sexual and / or reproductive rights and / or health broadly
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    40th Session, January 2022
    Status:
    Not Followed up with a Recommendation
    Contents:
    The United Nations country team recommended that the Sudan: … (d) ensure that sexual and reproductive health rights were respected, protected and fulfilled, on the basis of substantive equality, taking measures to address the disproportionate impact of COVID-19. [Para 41]
  • State Under Review:

    Sudan

    Sudan
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    AL
    Source Of Reference:

    Stakeholder Summary

    Issue:
    • Early marriage
    • Maternal health / morbidity / mortality
    • Violence against women / gender-based violence
    • Women's and / or girls' rights
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    40th Session, January 2022
    Status:
    Reference Addressed
    Contents:
    JS15 recommended to eliminate FGM through education, awareness and guidance, to raise awareness and education in the field of women's and children's rights issues and the dangers of early marriage. JS15 recommended to enact laws that protect women and children and to combat the culture of violence against women and children through education and awareness as well as to reduce maternal mortality rate. [Para 73]
  • State Under Review:

    Sudan

    Sudan
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    AL
    Source Of Reference:

    Spain

    Spain
    Regional group
    WEOG
    Political group
    EU
    OEI
    Issue:
    • International human rights instruments
    • Gender equality
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    11th session, May 2011
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Sign and ratify CEDAW...
    Implementation
    National Report:
    Para 53) ... Committees have been formed to study the possibility of acceding to the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women
  • State Under Review:

    Sudan

    Sudan
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    AL
    Source Of Reference:

    Nepal

    Nepal
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Issue:
    • International human rights instruments
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    40th Session, January 2022
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Consider ratifying the International CEDAW.
  • State Under Review:

    Sudan

    Sudan
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    AL
    Source Of Reference:

    Chile

    Chile
    Regional group
    GRULAC
    Political group
    OAS
    OEI
    Issue:
    • International human rights instruments
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    40th Session, January 2022
    Status:
    Unclear Response
    Contents:
    Consider ratifying the CEDAW ...
    Explanation
    Noted.
  • State Under Review:

    Sudan

    Sudan
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    AL
    Source Of Reference:

    Lebanon

    Lebanon
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Political group
    OIC
    AL
    OIF
    Issue:
    • Women's and / or girls' rights
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    40th Session, January 2022
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Continue efforts to ensure access to education for all, especially girls and the forcibly displaced persons.
  • State Under Review:

    Sudan

    Sudan
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    AL
    Source Of Reference:

    Philippines

    Philippines
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Political group
    ASEAN
    Issue:
    • Gender equality
    • Women's and / or girls' rights
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    40th Session, January 2022
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Consider strengthening data collection and management related to gender equality and women's human rights.
  • State Under Review:

    Sudan

    Sudan
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    AL
    Source Of Reference:

    Burkina Faso

    Burkina Faso
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    OIF
    Issue:
    • Maternal health / morbidity / mortality
    • Sexual and / or reproductive rights and / or health broadly
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    40th Session, January 2022
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Reduce direct and preventable maternal mortality by providing maternal and reproductive health services.
  • State Under Review:

    Sudan

    Sudan
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    AL
    Source Of Reference:

    National Report

    Issue:
    • Gender equality
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    11th session, May 2011
    Status:
    N/A
    Contents:
    "The Interim Constitution of 2005 grants women equal rights with men, without
    discrimination, stating as it does that “any reference to the masculine also includes the
    feminine”. Moreover, in the Bill of Rights set forth in article 31 (1), the Constitution
    provides that: “The State shall guarantee the equal right of men and women to the
    enjoyment of all civil, political, social, cultural and economic rights.”
    The Constitution incorporates the principle of equal pay for equal work and affirms
    positive discrimination in favour of women. As to the Public Service Act of 2007, it affirms
    the principle of free competition as the basis of selection for public office and the principle
    of equal pay for equal work, emphasizing that competence and achievement are the criteria
    for selection and promotion. [Paras 68-69]"
  • State Under Review:

    Sudan

    Sudan
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    AL
    Source Of Reference:

    Stakeholder Summary

    Issue:
    • Gender equality
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    11th session, May 2011
    Status:
    Reference Addressed
    Contents:
    "Joint submission 5 (JS5) stated that Articles 151 and 152 of the 1991 Criminal Code,
    which referred to public order, were inconsistent, discriminatory and publically humiliated
    women. AI stated that these laws were vague and that the public order police had wide
    discretion to determine what constituted “indecent or immoral” dress or behaviour. AI recommended the repealing of these laws and an investigation into allegations of human
    rights violations by the public order police. [Para 16]"
  • State Under Review:

    Sudan

    Sudan
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    AL
    Source Of Reference:

    Syria

    Syria
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Political group
    OIC
    AL
    Issue:
    • Gender equality
    • Women's and / or girls' rights
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    11th session, May 2011
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Further pursue efforts aimed at strengthening the protection of the rights of women and children through further development of legislation and mechanisms in this field.
    Implementation
    National Report:
    Para 12) [The Elections Act] was amended in 2014 to increase the proportion of women from 25 per cent to 30 per cent and to improve geographical and proportional representation in order to widen participation.

    Para 33) The findings of a workforce survey to determine levels of employment and participation in economic life among men and women made public in April 2012. Among its more significant results, the survey showed that economic participation among both sexes increased from 39.3 per cent in 1999 to 43 per cent in 2011. The number of people reliant on paid work jumped to 40.1 per cent, standing at 43.6 per cent for men and 29.4 per cent for women.

    Para 69) The National Quarter-Century Strategy for 2007-2031 advocates the participation of women in a wholesale revival of society. One of the central elements of the Strategy is, in fact, the empowerment of women.

    Para 70) The State's concern in this regard has led it to create various frameworks as well as seven official national mechanisms to empower women and promote their role in society.

    Para 71) The national policy for the empowerment of women - which was adopted by the Council of Ministers in 2007 and has been used as a reference for the Constitution, national laws and regional and international treaties - has been updated for the period 2015-2016, with the help of development partners. Projects included in the policy aim to address issues such as education, health care, the environment, economic empowerment, human rights law, political participation and decision-making, and peace and conflict resolution. A detailed outline of a national policy to empower women has been proposed, incorporated into the second five-year plan (2012-2016) and sent out to districts and provinces.

    Para 72) The participation of women in the national legislature in 2015 was as follows. There were 131 female members of the National Assembly which has a total number of seats of 450, and there were 16 female members, out of a total of 56, of the Council of States.

    Para 73) Following the 2014 amendments to electoral law, the people of Sudan helped to reinforce the foundations of democracy by participating in the April 2015 elections and the peaceful transfer of power. The proportion of women in parliament went up from 25 to 30 per cent ...

    UN Compilation:
    Para 5) ... In 2015, the Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences, was concerned by the discriminatory interpretation and implementation of provisions of the Criminal Law Act, the Public Order Act and the Personal Status Act. The Special Rapporteur noted that over 26 laws, including the Personal Status Act, contained provisions that were discriminatory towards women. Proposed changes at the federal level included: an amendment to the minimum age of marriage; the harmonization of domestic substantive and procedural laws with international human rights standards; and the ratification of CEDAW and the Protocol to the African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights on the Rights of Women in Africa.

    Stakeholder Summary:
    Para 10) JS2 noted Sudan did not accept previous recommendations to reform NSSA (2010) and did not amend its laws on marriage, custody, divorce, property rights, and indecency in compliance with international human rights law and as previously accepted recommendation.

    Para 48) JS1 noted that in the first cycle Sudan accepted recommendations on gender equality and women's equal rights, and on steps to amend/repeal all discriminatory provisions in the Sudanese Nationality Act of 1994. However, children can only acquire citizenship from their Sudanese mothers through an application process, whereas children of Sudanese fathers acquire Sudanese citizenship automatically.

  • State Under Review:

    Sudan

    Sudan
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    AL
    Source Of Reference:

    Uruguay

    Uruguay
    Regional group
    GRULAC
    Political group
    OAS
    OEI
    Issue:
    • Harmful practices based on cultural / traditional values
    • Female genital mutilation / cutting
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    11th session, May 2011
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Adopt legislative and other measures to explicitly prohibit and eradicate female genital mutilation, and reinforce awareness and education programmes about its harmful effects.
    Implementation
    National Report:
    Para 105) Work began on a draft law to prevent female genital mutilation in 2007. The draft was reviewed by a national committee for the review of laws related to women's rights in 2012-2013, and a series of consultative meetings between the Ministry of Justice and parliamentarians took place.

    Para 106) In cooperation with UNICEF the Government has launched the "Salima" campaign which is a social media initiative designed to prevent female genital mutilation. It focuses on bringing about change in society rather than in the individual, making change socially acceptable and disseminating knowledge and awareness about the harmful effects of female genital mutilation.

    Para 107) The National Council for Child Welfare, in cooperation with the National Council for Strategic Planning, drafted the national strategy 2008-2018 to prevent female genital mutilation in the Sudan. The aim of the strategy is to build capacity in institutions and in civil society, and to develop skills in society as a whole in order to help people to abandon this practice. Goals of the strategy include enacting legislation to prohibit and criminalize female genital mutilation, raising awareness in society, constructing local, regional and international partnerships, and mobilizing religious figures to play their part. The implementation of the strategy is proceeding as planned.

    UN Compilation:
    Para 36) UNESCO noted the strategy to eliminate female genital mutilation. It appeared, however, that the Sudan had not taken further steps to prohibit the practice and educate the women on their rights.

  • State Under Review:

    Sudan

    Sudan
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    AL
    Source Of Reference:

    Australia

    Australia
    Regional group
    WEOG
    Political group
    PIF
    Commonwealth
    Issue:
    • International human rights instruments
    • Gender equality
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    11th session, May 2011
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Ratify CEDAW [...]
    Implementation
    National Report:
    Para 53) ... Committees have been formed to study the possibility of acceding to the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women.
  • State Under Review:

    Sudan

    Sudan
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    AL
    Source Of Reference:

    Burkina Faso

    Burkina Faso
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    OIF
    Issue:
    • International human rights instruments
    • Gender equality
    • Women's and / or girls' rights
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    25th session, May 2016
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Consider ratifying the ... the CEDAW, the Protocol to the African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights on the Rights of Women in Africa ...
    Implementation
    National Report:
    Para 22) Sudan is in the process of ratifying the following instruments: • CEDAW (1979); … • Protocol to the African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights on the Rights of Women in Africa (Maputo Protocol) (2003).
  • State Under Review:

    Sudan

    Sudan
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    AL
    Source Of Reference:

    Brazil

    Brazil
    Regional group
    GRULAC
    Political group
    OAS
    OEI
    Issue:
    • Gender perspective in policies, programmes
    • Women's participation
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    25th session, May 2016
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Strengthen initiatives to promote equality and fight against discrimination, particularly those aimed at expanding political participation, whether from a gender ethnic, regional or social perspective.
  • State Under Review:

    Sudan

    Sudan
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    AL
    Source Of Reference:

    El Salvador

    El Salvador
    Regional group
    GRULAC
    Political group
    OAS
    OEI
    ACS
    Issue:
    • Harmful practices based on cultural / traditional values
    • Birth registration
    • Female genital mutilation / cutting
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    25th session, May 2016
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    ... Expand the juvenile justice system and actions aimed to implement the mandatory birth registration; and for eradication of female genital mutilation.
    Implementation
    National Report:
    Para 24) The State has continued to reform and develop domestic legislation by amending existing provisions or passing new ones, in line with obligations arising from international instruments and with a view to promoting and protecting human rights and fundamental freedoms. Since the submission of its second report, the State has issued the Constitutional Document for the transitional period in addition to a number of pieces of legislation, as follows: … (b) … • Criminalizing and punishing the practice of female genital mutilation (art. 141 (a) of the Criminal Code);
    Para 85) In recognition of the efforts the Government has made in this connection, in February 2019 UNESCO awarded its Prize in Social Sciences, Humanities and Arts to the National Council for Child Welfare for the success of the Saleema initiative to end female genital mutilation.
    Para 89) Social support is being provided to midwives and they are being given their own projects to run in order to improve their income and encourage them to abandon harmful traditional practices.
    Para 93) In order to raise the general level of awareness among security services and the judiciary regarding domestic and sexual violence and female genital mutilation, security and judicial officials have received training, both in Sudan and abroad, on the subject of violence against women and children.
    Para 94) (a) The State has guaranteed the right of free birth registration as a way of promoting and encouraging that practice. The Civil Registry Act 2011 envisages penalties for persons who fail to register the birth of their children; (b) The State has set up an online network that connects maternity hospitals to the general administration of the civil registry via which births can be recorded with a national identity number; 343 of a total of 685 hospitals have been connected and work is still continuing;
    Para 94) (e) Female genital mutilation has been made a criminal offence under article 141 (a) of the Criminal Code as amended in 2020, and the Personal Status Act is being reviewed to bring it into line with international standards concerning age of marriage; (f) A strategy to end female genital mutilation 2021–2030 has been drafted and is currently in the final stages of approval, and a proposal has been made to include that issue in the school curriculum.

    UN Compilation:
    Para 48) The United Nations country team noted that, despite the recent adoption by the Sudan of a law criminalizing female genital mutilation, the prevalence of that harmful practice was alarming, with over 80 per cent of women nationwide subjected to it, reaching around 90 per cent in 7 of the 18 Sudanese states.

    Stakeholder Summary:
    Para 71) The Helena Kennedy Centre for international Justice noted that Sudan has one of the highest rates of FGM in the world: It is reported that 88% of women aged 15-49 have been cut.