Displaying 45451 - 45475 of 58160 recommendations found
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State Under Review:SingaporeSingaporeRegional groupAsia-Pacific GroupPolitical groupASEANCommonwealthSource Of Reference:GhanaGhanaRegional groupAfrica GroupPolitical groupAUOIFCommonwealthIssue:
- International human rights instruments
Type:RecommendationSession:11th session, May 2011Status:Partially AcceptedContents:... Ratify ICCPR, as a matter of priorityImplementationStakeholder Summary:
Para 1) AI noted that Singapore was yet to ratify the ICCPR and its OPs ... as recommended in the previous UPR. -
State Under Review:SingaporeSingaporeRegional groupAsia-Pacific GroupPolitical groupASEANCommonwealthSource Of Reference:FranceFranceRegional groupWEOGPolitical groupEUOIFIssue:
- Gender equality
Type:RecommendationSession:11th session, May 2011Status:AcceptedContents:Ensure gender-equality is enshrined in the Constitution. -
State Under Review:SingaporeSingaporeRegional groupAsia-Pacific GroupPolitical groupASEANCommonwealthSource Of Reference:FinlandFinlandRegional groupWEOGPolitical groupEUIssue:
- International human rights instruments
Type:RecommendationSession:24th session, January 2016Status:Unclear ResponseContents:Ratify the ICCPR and its OPs and the ICESCR and its OP.ExplanationNoted. About a quarter of the recommendations that we noted relate to the ratification of international human rights treaties. Singapore takes our treaty obligations seriously and engages actively with the relevant treaty bodies. We also have a process under our Inter-Ministerial Committee on Human Rights to actively review Singapore's ability to ratify additional human rights treaties. Since we cannot prejudge the outcome of the review process, we are unable to commit ourselves to ratifying any of these specific treaties at this time, apart from the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination (ICERD) and the Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the Sale of Children, Child Prostitution and Child Pornography (OP-CRC-SC), for which a review has already been completed. While Singapore may not be party to a particular human rights treaty yet, it does not mean that our outcomes are not already fully or largely in compliance with its objectives. -
State Under Review:SingaporeSingaporeRegional groupAsia-Pacific GroupPolitical groupASEANCommonwealthSource Of Reference:BelarusBelarusRegional groupEEGPolitical groupCISIssue:
- Sexual exploitation / slavery
- International human rights instruments
Type:RecommendationSession:24th session, January 2016Status:AcceptedContents:Speed up the consideration of accession to the OP-CRC-SC. -
State Under Review:SingaporeSingaporeRegional groupAsia-Pacific GroupPolitical groupASEANCommonwealthSource Of Reference:AustriaAustriaRegional groupWEOGPolitical groupEUIssue:
- Criminal laws on same-sex sexual practices
Type:RecommendationSession:24th session, January 2016Status:Unclear ResponseContents:Formally repeal section 377 A of the Penal Code criminalising homosexual acts.ExplanationNoted. Section 377 A of the Penal Code on sodomy, which was inherited during the colonial history of Singapore, was not proactively enforced. Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and intersex persons were free to lead their lives. Parliament decided after an intense debate in 2007 to retain this law. The Prime Minister noted at that time that it was better to accept the legal untidiness and ambiguity of leaving the law as it was, and it would not be wise to force this issue by settling it one way or the other. Singapore firmly opposed discrimination and harassment, and did not discriminate against lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and intersex applicants to the civil service. The approach was "to live and let live", preserve the common space for all communities, and let society evolve gradually and decide collectively.ImplementationStakeholder Summary:
Para 12) JS3 stated that although section 377A of the Penal Code, criminalising consensual sexual behaviour between adult males, had not been enforced since the last universal periodic review of Singapore in 2016, its continued existence permitted the institutionalisation of discriminatory policies against not just gay men, but the whole lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT+) community.
Para 40) JS4 stated that the stigma of being LGBTQ, associated with Penal Code Section 377A and media censorship, was a contributing factor in the failure to report or seek help when abused.
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State Under Review:SingaporeSingaporeRegional groupAsia-Pacific GroupPolitical groupASEANCommonwealthSource Of Reference:FijiFijiRegional groupAsia-Pacific GroupPolitical groupPIFCommonwealthIssue:
- Gender equality
Type:RecommendationSession:24th session, January 2016Status:AcceptedContents:Provide the Office for Women's Development with the necessary resources to promote gender equality in all policy areas. -
State Under Review:SingaporeSingaporeRegional groupAsia-Pacific GroupPolitical groupASEANCommonwealthSource Of Reference:ItalyItalyRegional groupWEOGPolitical groupEUIssue:
- Gender equality
- Violence against women / gender-based violence
- Women's and / or girls' rights
Type:RecommendationSession:24th session, January 2016Status:AcceptedContents:Enhance efforts to promote gender equality and combat all forms of discrimination and violence against women and girls.ImplementationNational Report:
Para 16) The Inter-Ministry Committee on the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW) monitors the implementation of Singapore’s CEDAW obligations. The CEDAW Committee considered Singapore’s fifth periodic report (CEDAW/C/SGP/5) in 2017. In 2020, Singapore launched the Conversations on Singapore Women’s Development, a national conversation series to gather feedback from thousands of Singaporeans on issues concerning women at home, at work, in schools, and in the community. The Conversations will culminate in a White Paper to be submitted to Parliament in 2021, with recommendations and a roadmap to further advance women’s protection, interests, and development in Singapore. Para 17) Increasing participation. Singapore actively supports women’s participation in politics and in public service. In 2017, Singapore’s first female President, Halimah Yacob, took office. In 2020, 28 out of 95 Members of Parliament (29%) were women, greater than the Inter-Parliamentary Union’s world average of 24.5%. Currently, we have nine women out of 37 political office-holders. Women also make up 53% of the Public Service (as of 2019). The Council for Board Diversity, formed in January 2019, promotes greater representation of women on boards of listed companies, statutory boards, and non-profit organisations.
Para 18) Support for women in the society and family. Many women continue to shoulder many household and caregiving responsibilities. We have continued to enhance measures to promote sharing of domestic and family responsibilities, such as flexible work arrangements (FWAs). From 2018 to 2020, we committed more than S$200 million (US$152 million) in financial grants and developed practical guides to support employers in implementing and sustaining FWAs. Since 2017, fathers have enjoyed two weeks of paid paternity leave and can share up to four weeks of their spouses’ maternity leave. Under the national movement, “Dads for Life”, we have rolled out initiatives, such as “Dads@School”, to promote active fathering. Since 2017, single mothers also enjoy the same infant care and childcare subsidies and maternity leave as married mothers.
Para 19) Islamic law is applied for certain religious and personal matters pertaining to Muslims in Singapore. The application of Islamic law in Singapore takes into account evolving societal contexts and norms. For instance, in May 2019, the fatwa (religious ruling) on joint tenancy was revised to recognise joint tenancy contracts as religiously valid, without the need for additional documents to effect the right of survivorship. This protects Muslim widows, in particular, from financial distress and uncertainty.
Para 20) Enhancing protection against violence. Singapore has robust legislation criminalising violence under the Women’s Charter, the CYPA, the Protection from Harassment Act (POHA), and the Penal Code. With effect from January 2020, we fully repealed marital immunity for rape and expanded the definition of rape to cover nonconsensual oral and anal penetration by the penis. We also enhanced penalties for a range of offences committed against persons vulnerable to harm, including children, domestic helpers, persons in intimate relationships with offenders, and persons with disabilities whose mental or physical disabilities render them substantially unable to protect themselves from abuse. To promote awareness and encourage discussion on family violence, the Break the Silence campaign was launched in 2016.
Para 21) We recognise that laws alone cannot resolve the multifaceted issue of family violence. The Taskforce on Family Violence was set up in February 2020, to bring together members from the Government, the Courts, and partners such as hospitals, family violence specialist centres, crisis shelters and family service centres, to put forth recommendations on tackling family violence. The taskforce is expected to report on its findings and recommendations later this year.
Para 25) The Penal Code was amended in 2019 to double the maximum punishment for persons convicted of causing …, sexual offences, … against FDWs [Foreign Domestic Workers].
Para 97) [During the COVID-19 pandemic] We have put in place social safety nets to provide help where family and community support is inadequate, especially for low-income and vulnerable Singaporeans, including: … (c) Victims of family violence. During the Circuit Breaker, social services and legal recourse remained available, through the Family Violence Specialist Centres and Family Service Centres; and via video-link applications for protection orders with the courts. Additionally, the Police proactively assessed, contacted and referred persons at risk to social service agencies.
Para 122) … Taking stock of our progress against international measures, Singapore ranks: … (f) 12th for gender equality in the 2019 UN Gender Inequality Index.
UN Compilation:
Para 21) The Independent Expert on older persons noted that although the Constitution guaranteed equality for all persons, it did not explicitly recognize equality on the basis of sex.
Para 75) The Independent Expert on older persons noted the persistence of patriarchal attitudes and deep-rooted stereotypes regarding the roles and responsibilities of women and men within the family and in society at large. She stated that such stereotypes were not only a root cause of violence against women in the private and public spheres, but also placed women in a disadvantaged position, including in the labour market.
Para 79) [CEDAW] remained concerned about the underreporting of cases of gender-based violence against women, including domestic and sexual violence.
Para 82) [CEDAW] remained concerned that women continued to be underrepresented in ministerial posts, the judiciary, the police and the diplomatic service, in particular at decision-making levels.
Para 83) The ILO Committee of Experts on the Application of Conventions and Recommendations noted that in 2017 the median gross monthly salary of women employed in the same occupational category as men was systematically lower than that of men, except for clerical support workers, among whom it was slightly higher.
Para 107) CEDAW reiterated its previous concerns that there were ongoing allegations that many women who were migrant domestic workers continued to be exploited and abused by their employers through actions that included non-payment of salary, deprivation of food and adequate rest, confiscation of personal items, such as mobile telephones and passports, restrictions on freedom of movement and refusal to pay medical expenses, as well as sexual, physical, verbal and psychological abuse.
Stakeholder Summary:
Para 104) JS6 stated that public understanding of what constituted domestic violence, apart from physical violence, was poor. Migrant spouses of citizens were particularly vulnerable to domestic violence, as they were dependent on the citizen spouse to sponsor their right to reside in the country.
Para 106) JS6 stated that the rate of domestic violence had increased after strict social distancing measures were introduced to curb the spread of Covid-19.
Para 107) MARUAH stated that women in Singapore were still under-represented politically and in the workforce, and recommended that the Government actively push for gender parity.
Para 108) JS4 stated that Singapore did not have any policies that prohibited gender-based discrimination at the workplace.
Para 109) JS6 stated that women were paid less than men for similar work performed, and that sectors where women were concentrated were often lowly-paid. Gender discrimination and the gender wage gap affected women’s retirement savings.
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State Under Review:SingaporeSingaporeRegional groupAsia-Pacific GroupPolitical groupASEANCommonwealthSource Of Reference:MaldivesMaldivesRegional groupAsia-Pacific GroupPolitical groupOICCommonwealthIssue:
- Women's participation
Type:RecommendationSession:24th session, January 2016Status:AcceptedContents:Encourage women's political participation and increase representation of women in decision-making. -
State Under Review:SingaporeSingaporeRegional groupAsia-Pacific GroupPolitical groupASEANCommonwealthSource Of Reference:Stakeholder SummaryIssue:
- Marginalized groups of women
- HIV and AIDS
Type:Review DocumentationSession:24th session, January 2016Status:NeglectedContents:IUFSPH noted that although the prison population suffered from HIV/AIDS at higher rates than the general population, Singapore did not appear to have any special programmes in place for women prisoners with HIV/AIDS. [Para 65] -
State Under Review:SingaporeSingaporeRegional groupAsia-Pacific GroupPolitical groupASEANCommonwealthSource Of Reference:UN CompilationIssue:
- Polygamy
Type:Review DocumentationSession:24th session, January 2016Status:NeglectedContents:While acknowledging the legal reforms that made polygamy practically impossible, the CEDAW was also concerned at the continued legal authorization of polygamy. It called upon Singapore to legislate, without delay, a complete ban on polygamy in all societal groups. [Para 31] -
State Under Review:SingaporeSingaporeRegional groupAsia-Pacific GroupPolitical groupASEANCommonwealthSource Of Reference:SloveniaSloveniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupEUIssue:
- Sexual exploitation / slavery
- International human rights instruments
- Gender equality
Type:RecommendationSession:11th session, May 2011Status:Partially AcceptedContents:Consider ratifying core international human rights treaties to which Singapore is not yet a party (ICCPR, ICESCR, ICERD), OP-CEDAW, OP-CRC-SC... OP-CRPD.ImplementationNational Report:
Para 60) Singapore is fully committed to our obligations under the CRC. We are currently considering accession to the OP-CRC-SC. Like the other treaties we accede to, we want to ensure that necessary legislation and resources are in place at the time of accession so that our obligations can be implemented immediately
Stakeholder Summary:
Para 1) AI noted that Singapore was yet to ratify the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights and its Optional Protocols ... as recommended in the previous UPR. -
State Under Review:SingaporeSingaporeRegional groupAsia-Pacific GroupPolitical groupASEANCommonwealthSource Of Reference:United KingdomUnited KingdomRegional groupWEOGPolitical groupEUCommonwealthIssue:
- Sexual abuse
- Violence against women / gender-based violence
- Domestic violence
Type:QuestionSession:38th Session, May 2021Status:N/AContents:What steps is the government of Singapore taking to produce an action plan on tackling violence against women and girls, including domestic violence and online child sexual abuse, in consultation with civil society? -
State Under Review:SingaporeSingaporeRegional groupAsia-Pacific GroupPolitical groupASEANCommonwealthSource Of Reference:UN CompilationIssue:
- Marginalized groups of women
- Women's and / or girls' rights
Type:Review DocumentationSession:38th Session, May 2021Status:Not Followed up with a RecommendationContents:[CEDAW] recommended that the State ensure that women migrant domestic workers were guaranteed the same level of protection and benefits as other workers, in particular with regard to public holidays, maximum weekly working hours and regular days of rest, including by extending the applicability of the Employment Act to migrant domestic workers. [Para 108]
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State Under Review:SingaporeSingaporeRegional groupAsia-Pacific GroupPolitical groupASEANCommonwealthSource Of Reference:Stakeholder SummaryIssue:
- Transgender persons' rights
Type:Review DocumentationSession:38th Session, May 2021Status:Reference AddressedContents:JS2 recommended that the Government enable transgender Singaporeans to change legal sex through a legal declaration of intent to transition and live as their affirmed sex, with reasonable conditions to prevent abuse. [Para 19]
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State Under Review:SingaporeSingaporeRegional groupAsia-Pacific GroupPolitical groupASEANCommonwealthSource Of Reference:UN CompilationIssue:
- Gender equality
Type:Review DocumentationSession:38th Session, May 2021Status:Reference AddressedContents:CEDAW recommended that the State reduce the gender wage gap by regularly reviewing wages in sectors in which women are concentrated and by establishing effective monitoring and regulatory mechanisms for employment and recruitment to ensure that the principle of equal pay for work of equal value is adhered to in all sectors. [Para 84]
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State Under Review:SingaporeSingaporeRegional groupAsia-Pacific GroupPolitical groupASEANCommonwealthSource Of Reference:National ReportIssue:
- International human rights instruments
Type:Review DocumentationSession:11th session, May 2011Status:N/AContents:… Singapore is also actively studying the provisions in the UN CRPD. [Para 89] -
State Under Review:SingaporeSingaporeRegional groupAsia-Pacific GroupPolitical groupASEANCommonwealthSource Of Reference:UN CompilationIssue:
- Women's participation
Type:Review DocumentationSession:11th session, May 2011Status:Reference AddressedContents:"CEDAW encouraged Singapore to intensify its efforts towards strengthening women's representation in leadership roles, including elected and appointed positions, in the Cabinet, Parliament, public administration and judiciary. [Para 37]" -
State Under Review:SingaporeSingaporeRegional groupAsia-Pacific GroupPolitical groupASEANCommonwealthSource Of Reference:Republic of KoreaRepublic of KoreaRegional groupAsia-Pacific GroupIssue:
- International human rights instruments
Type:RecommendationSession:38th Session, May 2021Status:Unclear ResponseContents:Continue its efforts to accede to the core international human rights treaties, mainly the ICCPR and the ICESCR.
ExplanationNoted. We are unable to commit to ratifying any further treaties at this point. While Singapore may not be party to a particular human rights treaty yet, our outcomes are already fully or largely in compliance with its objectives.
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State Under Review:SingaporeSingaporeRegional groupAsia-Pacific GroupPolitical groupASEANCommonwealthSource Of Reference:South SudanSouth SudanRegional groupAfrica GroupIssue:
- International human rights instruments
Type:RecommendationSession:38th Session, May 2021Status:Unclear ResponseContents:Sign and ratify the ILO Domestic Workers Convention 2011 (No. 189).
ExplanationNoted. We are unable to commit to ratifying any further treaties at this point. While Singapore may not be party to a particular human rights treaty yet, our outcomes are already fully or largely in compliance with its objectives.
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State Under Review:SingaporeSingaporeRegional groupAsia-Pacific GroupPolitical groupASEANCommonwealthSource Of Reference:DenmarkDenmarkRegional groupWEOGPolitical groupEUIssue:
- Discrimination based on sexual orientation
- Women's and / or girls' rights
- Discrimination based on gender identity
Type:RecommendationSession:38th Session, May 2021Status:AcceptedContents:Incorporate the principle of non-discrimination into domestic legislation, including on the basis of gender, sexual orientation and gender identity.
ExplanationThe Singapore Constitution enshrines the principle of equality of all persons before the law. We have laws and policies to protect our people from discrimination.
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State Under Review:SingaporeSingaporeRegional groupAsia-Pacific GroupPolitical groupASEANCommonwealthSource Of Reference:MaltaMaltaRegional groupWEOGPolitical groupEUCommonwealthIssue:
- Intersex persons' rights
- Discrimination based on sexual orientation
- Training for state personnel on sexual rights issues
- Discrimination based on gender identity
- Rights of same-sex desiring persons
- Transgender persons' rights
Type:RecommendationSession:38th Session, May 2021Status:AcceptedContents:Consider implementing training for healthcare professionals on sexual orientation and gender identity issues, with the aim of eliminating discrimination in healthcare access.
ExplanationWe will continue to ensure that Singapore’s response to COVID-19 is effective and inclusive, further strengthen the public health system, and ensure the highest standard of health.
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State Under Review:SingaporeSingaporeRegional groupAsia-Pacific GroupPolitical groupASEANCommonwealthSource Of Reference:MontenegroMontenegroRegional groupEEGIssue:
- Sexual exploitation / slavery
Type:RecommendationSession:38th Session, May 2021Status:AcceptedContents:Establish adequate and coordinating mechanisms to identify and protect child victims of trafficking and sexual exploitation.
ExplanationSingapore enacted the Prevention of Human Trafficking Act (PHTA) in 2015 to specifically combat trafficking in persons (TIP). The definition of TIP in the Act is aligned to that under the UN TIP Protocol.
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State Under Review:SingaporeSingaporeRegional groupAsia-Pacific GroupPolitical groupASEANCommonwealthSource Of Reference:BotswanaBotswanaRegional groupAfrica GroupPolitical groupAUCommonwealthIssue:
- Gender equality
Type:RecommendationSession:38th Session, May 2021Status:AcceptedContents:Formulate and implement effective policies geared towards reducing the gender pay gap with a view to ensuring equal pay for all.
ExplanationSingapore’s approach to gender equality is founded on the principle of meritocracy where women in Singapore participate fully and equally in all spheres of life and at all levels. In 2017, Singapore’s first female President, Halimah Yacob, was elected into office.
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State Under Review:SingaporeSingaporeRegional groupAsia-Pacific GroupPolitical groupASEANCommonwealthSource Of Reference:IsraelIsraelRegional groupWEOGIssue:
- Intersex persons' rights
- Discrimination based on sexual orientation
- Discrimination based on gender identity
Type:RecommendationSession:38th Session, May 2021Status:Unclear ResponseContents:Ensure that LGBTQI persons are effectively protected against all forms of discrimination.
ExplanationNoted. Although Section 377A of the Penal Code remains in our statute books, it is not enforced. All Singapore citizens, regardless of their sexual orientation, are free to pursue their activities in their private space. We firmly oppose discrimination and harassment and have laws to protect all our citizens from such conduct. We will continue to manage the issue of LGBT rights in a sensitive and pragmatic way, so as to protect the vulnerable, uphold the family and preserve the common space for the diverse communities in Singapore.
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State Under Review:SingaporeSingaporeRegional groupAsia-Pacific GroupPolitical groupASEANCommonwealthSource Of Reference:CanadaCanadaRegional groupWEOGPolitical groupOASOIFCommonwealthIssue:
- Discrimination based on sexual orientation
- Discrimination based on gender identity
Type:QuestionSession:11th session, May 2011Status:Not Followed up with a RecommendationContents:What non-discrimination protections, including in the area of employment, are in place for members of the LGBT community?