Displaying 501 - 525 of 58160 recommendations found
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State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:United StatesUnited StatesRegional groupWEOGPolitical groupOASIssue:
- Marital rape
- Domestic violence
Type:RecommendationSession:33rd Session, May 2019Status:AcceptedContents:Train law enforcement officers to recognize the signs of domestic violence and to enforce the laws on rape and amendments to the law on domestic violence effectively, including in cases of spousal rape.
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State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:SwedenSwedenRegional groupWEOGPolitical groupEUIssue:
- Domestic violence
Type:QuestionSession:33rd Session, May 2019Status:N/AContents:What measures are being taken to increase funding to civil society organisations providing services for victims of domestic violence? -
State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:UN CompilationIssue:
- Abortion
Type:Review DocumentationSession:33rd Session, May 2019Status:Not Followed up with a RecommendationContents:The United Nations country team … highlighted the need for a fully fledged scientific study, further political engagement from government departments and agencies and improved monitoring of the health sector with regard to sex-selective abortions. [Para 25]
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State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:Stakeholder SummaryIssue:
- Birth registration
Type:Review DocumentationSession:33rd Session, May 2019Status:Not Followed up with a RecommendationContents:JS6 stated that although under the Law on Citizenship the acquisition of Albanian nationality should be automatic, in practice, under the law “On Civil Status” birth registration was required as a necessary precondition for the acquisition of Albanian nationality. CoECommissioner and JS6 noted this was a requirement that many Roma and Egyptians were unable to fulfil, exposing them to (the risk of) statelessness. JS6 also noted that the birth registration process in Albania could be complex and difficult to access, especially for children of parents who already lacked the documentation needed to fulfill the legal requirements for civil registration in general, including registration of births, deaths, marriages, legal residency transfers, divorces, and child custody. Albanian authorities were generally conscious of the challenges faced by Roma related to accessing civil registration and there had been initiatives to address the problem, such as encouraging early registration through the provision of financial support. Nevertheless, access to civil registration was still unsatisfactory and there were still many cases of late registration of births among persons belonging to Roma community. JS6 identified other barriers to birth registration, inlcuding births at home in rural areas, lack of information or awareness about the registration process, prejudicial attitudes among officials and other stakeholders resulting in a lack of action to identify Roma who were unregistered and at risk of being stateless. JS6 also noted that challenges related to birth registration were exacerbated in cases of children born abroad, especially for children whose parents lived abroad irregularly. Such children were likely to not have their births registered, or to only receive a birth notification which did not include the basic information (including name) required by the authorities to register their birth. [Para 49]
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State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:EstoniaEstoniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupEUIssue:
- International human rights instruments
Type:RecommendationSession:19th session, May 2014Status:AcceptedContents:Consider ratifying the OP-CRPD. -
State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:AustraliaAustraliaRegional groupWEOGPolitical groupPIFCommonwealthIssue:
- Violence against women / gender-based violence
- Domestic violence
Type:RecommendationSession:19th session, May 2014Status:AcceptedContents:Enhance support services for victims of domestic and gender-based violence; and take measures to raise awareness among law enforcement officials, lawyers and judges of the serious nature of domestic and gender-based violence.ImplementationNational Report:
Para 13) Law No. 108/2014 “On the State Police“ was amended, strengthening actions in the field of domestic violence and trafficking, protection measures for children and interinstitutional collaboration.
Para 41) Law "On legal aid", which entered into force on 1 June 2018, provide access to justice for individuals with economic difficulties including disadvantaged groups. The law defines conditions, procedures and rules on administration of legal aid guaranteed by the state, equal access to the justice system, professional legal aid, and state institutions responsible for administering legal aid. This law provides as beneficiaries of stateguaranteed legal aid regardless of their income and property, expressly victims of domestic violence, sexually abused victims and victims of trafficking in human beings, to other categories such as child victims and juveniles in conflict with the law, persons in social care, persons without legal capacity to act and victims of discriminatory behavior.
Para 42) Law No.22 / 2018 "On Social Housing", with regard of social housing programs provides for priority in terms of securing social housing victims of domestic violence, victims of trafficking and potential victims of trafficking.
Para 44) National Referral Mechanism (NRM) for cases of violence in family relations was established at the local level in 60 municipalities (out of the then total of 61 municipalities), as well employees for gender equality, with the role of local coordinators against domestic violence. Since 2016 are adopted standards of services for victims of domestic violence. There is need for a multidisciplinary, rapid and effective approach, for national and local government units' awareness on budgeting of gender priorities, applying for funding to provide social services for victims of domestic violence.
Para 45) The State Police has established a telephone service number 129 or 11 for all emergencies which operates 24 hours in 7 days. Since 2017, the Free Counselling Line 116- 117, is offering free of charge primary service of psycho-emotional support, counselling and assistance for the referral of violence, in a secure and confidential environment. National service counselling standards for victims of domestic violence were adopted.
Para 49) There are 6 non-public centers providing residential services (2 in Tirana, 1 in Berat, 1 in Korca, 1 in Elbasan, 1 in Vlora). In December 2018, was opened a Crisis Management Center for Victims of Sexual Violence “Lilium Center”, at the premises of the Tirana University Hospital Center "Mother Theresa". This Center provides 24/7 integrated services to victims of sexual violence by a multidisciplinary team. Standards of this Center were approved by Instruction of the Minister of Health and Social Protection in November 2018.
Para 78) The provision of services to victims of domestic violence has been strengthened. The number of children accommodated annually is relatively consistent, from 38–59 cases per year. A tailored integration service plan is developed for each child that includes their enrolment and monitoring of school attendance. Various awareness-raising and entertainment activities are carried out aiming to develop their social and cognitive skills. Specialist social workers and psychologists at the centre support the mothers to become part of the employment and housing schemes offered by the local government or non-profit organisations, in order to improve their financial situation. Other services available to victims, provided by public and private centres include, housing and psycho-social support, referral for medical care, legal aid, professional training courses, and employment mediation.
UN Compilation:
Para 30) … CEDAW was concerned about the prevalence of gender-based violence, the low rate of reporting of cases of gender-based violence against women, the insufficient implementation of the national referral mechanism, the insufficient number of shelters for victims of gender-based violence and the restrictive criteria for admission to those shelters, and the frequent failure to enforce protection orders and emergency protection orders. The country team made similar observations and highlighted that women from disadvantaged groups faced additional barriers to accessing services.
Stakeholder Summary:
Para 27) … Both, JS5 and JS2 reported that the Law “On Free Legal Aid provided by the State” 111/2017, which provided the right for victims of domestic violence to obtain legal assistance, had not been fully implemented.
Para 29) According to JS5, victims of sexual violence received little protection and few services as the country did not have rape crisis centers or sexual violence referral centers. Victims also faced problems accessing short-term housing with the number of shelters in the country and their capacity being insufficient.
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State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:VietnamVietnamRegional groupAsia-Pacific GroupPolitical groupASEANOIFIssue:
- Domestic violence
- Trafficking in women and / or girls
Type:RecommendationSession:19th session, May 2014Status:AcceptedContents:Further improve national institutions and human rights infrastructure, including the harmonization of domestic legislation and the legal system with the international and European Union instruments on persons with disabilities, the rights of the child, the prevention of domestic violence and trafficking in persons. -
State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:MaldivesMaldivesRegional groupAsia-Pacific GroupPolitical groupOICCommonwealthIssue:
- Marginalized groups of women
Type:RecommendationSession:19th session, May 2014Status:AcceptedContents:Conduct outreach programmes in rural areas in order to ensure that women with disabilities are not discriminated against or socially excluded. -
State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:Stakeholder SummaryIssue:
- Domestic violence
Type:Review DocumentationSession:19th session, May 2014Status:NeglectedContents:... AI recommended that Albania ensure that the Ministry of Justice monitors and reports on the implementation of the Criminal Code relating to domestic violence and the Law on Violence in Family Relations. [Para 14] -
State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:National ReportIssue:
- Gender equality
- Women's and / or girls' rights
Type:Review DocumentationSession:19th session, May 2014Status:N/AContents:Under the reform of social services 2013-2016, the Ministry of Social Welfare is cooperating with UNICEF to draft a system of integrated social services at a decentralized level for addressing issues of ... women ... [Para 41] -
State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:ItalyItalyRegional groupWEOGPolitical groupEUIssue:
- Gender equality
- Domestic violence
Type:CommentSession:6th session, December 2009Status:Not Followed up with a RecommendationContents:Expressed confidence that the Albanian authorities will speed up the adoption of the law on domestic violence and to establish a monitoring mechanism for the implementation of gender equality policies both in the public and private sectors. -
State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:National ReportIssue:
- Marginalized groups of women
Type:Review DocumentationSession:6th session, December 2009Status:N/AContents:In application of the Strategy objectives and its Action Plan, several measures have been taken in the field of social protection in order to enhance the access and social benefits, to implement the special programs for the promotion of Roma community employment, especially the employment of Roma women [...] [Para 85] -
State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:National ReportIssue:
- Sexual exploitation / slavery
Type:Review DocumentationSession:6th session, December 2009Status:N/AContents:The Code of Conduct for the prevention of children sex tourism, which is monitored by the Ministry of Tourism, has been adopted. [Para 104] -
State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:AlgeriaAlgeriaRegional groupAfrica GroupPolitical groupAUOICALIssue:
- International human rights instruments
Type:RecommendationSession:6th session, December 2009Status:AcceptedContents:Envisage the possibility of adhering to CRPD, which offers an important frame of reference in the area of promotion and protection of the rights of persons with disabilities, without underestimating the cost of implementing the related norms.ImplementationNational Report:
Para 43) The CRPD was ratified by the Albanian Assembly in November 2012. Concerning the OP of the Convention, the Albanian authorities are evaluating this recommendation and shall soon consider its signing and ratification. -
State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:MaltaMaltaRegional groupWEOGPolitical groupEUCommonwealthIssue:
- Rights of same-sex desiring persons
- Transgender persons' rights
Type:RecommendationSession:33rd Session, May 2019Status:Unclear ResponseContents:Consider amending the Family Law to provide legal recognition of same-sex partnerships and adopt legal provisions that will allow legal gender recognition to transgender individuals.
ExplanationNoted. In relation with the amendments of the Family Code to provide legal recognition for the same sex partnership, and same sex civil union as is stated specifically in the above recommendations, the Government of the Republic of Albania is currently not planning (for the next 4 years) proposals to include these amendments on the Family Code.
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State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:IraqIraqRegional groupAsia-Pacific GroupPolitical groupOICALIssue:
- Trafficking in women and / or girls
Type:RecommendationSession:33rd Session, May 2019Status:AcceptedContents:Step up efforts to combat trafficking of human being, particularly women and girls.
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State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:AustraliaAustraliaRegional groupWEOGPolitical groupPIFCommonwealthIssue:
- Violence against women / gender-based violence
- Domestic violence
Type:RecommendationSession:33rd Session, May 2019Status:AcceptedContents:Step up measures to reduce domestic and gender-based violence, including through awareness raising in Albanian society.
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State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:PhilippinesPhilippinesRegional groupAsia-Pacific GroupPolitical groupASEANIssue:
- Violence against women / gender-based violence
Type:RecommendationSession:33rd Session, May 2019Status:AcceptedContents:Step up efforts to provide its duty bearers with training on assisting victims of gender-based violence.
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State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:BelgiumBelgiumRegional groupWEOGPolitical groupEUOIFIssue:
- Sexual exploitation / slavery
Type:RecommendationSession:33rd Session, May 2019Status:AcceptedContents:Take effective measures to fight child poverty, child slavery, forced labour and sexual exploitation of children.
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State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:UN CompilationIssue:
- Violence against women / gender-based violence
- Sexual violence
- Domestic violence
Type:Review DocumentationSession:33rd Session, May 2019Status:Reference AddressedContents:The country team ... recommended strengthening the capacities of service providers and the judiciary to enforce the legal and policy framework on domestic violence and gender-based violence, and providing adequate resources for prevention and rehabilitation services for all victims of violence, including victims from rural areas and disadvantaged groups. It also recommended ensuring the necessary legal and policy amendments to institutionalize specialized support services for victims of sexual violence. [Para 30] -
State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:Stakeholder SummaryIssue:
- Domestic violence
Type:Review DocumentationSession:33rd Session, May 2019Status:Not Followed up with a RecommendationContents:Both, JS5 and JS2 ... highlighted the need for the timely adoption of the bylaws pursuant to the amendments made to the law against domestic violence. [Para 27]
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State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:SpainSpainRegional groupWEOGPolitical groupEUOEIIssue:
- International human rights instruments
Type:RecommendationSession:19th session, May 2014Status:AcceptedContents:Sign and ratify the OP-ICESCR. -
State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:ArgentinaArgentinaRegional groupGRULACPolitical groupOASOEIIssue:
- Discrimination based on sexual orientation
Type:RecommendationSession:19th session, May 2014Status:AcceptedContents:Study the possibility of strengthening the measures to fight discrimination, in order to eradicate the trend and/or the dissemination of stereotypes that lead to discrimination on the grounds of sexual orientation.ImplementationNational Report:
Para 35) A new Code of Administrative Procedures (Law 44/2015) was approved by the Assembly of the Republic of Albania on 30.04.2015 and entered into force on 28.05.2016. An important step is the provision related the reverse of the burden of proof in matters of discrimination. The public body should be guided by the principle of equality and antidiscrimination for grounds provided by law, including gender and gender identity.
Para 120) The National Action Plan for Non-discrimination on the Grounds of Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity 2012-2014 and the National Action Plan for LGBTI Persons 2016-2020 foresee several measures to address discrimination and integration of these groups. The strategic goals are: Improving the legal and institutional framework, as well as raising awareness on non-discrimination and protection of LGBTI people's rights, in line with international standards; Elimination of all forms of discrimination against the LGBTI community, through capacity building of law enforcement structures; Improving access to employment, education, health, housing and sports for LGBTI persons, while guaranteeing their equal opportunities.
UN Compilation:
Para 6) The United Nations country team noted that despite legal developments to promote non-discrimination, discrimination against lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and intersex persons persisted, including denial of their right to marry and have a family, the right to gender reassignment surgery for transgender persons, and the right to self-determination in relation to bodily integrity for intersex persons. The country team also noted that there was an urgent need to improve the range of and access to high quality sexual and reproductive health services for lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and intersex persons. It recommended that Albania enforce the current legislation and national action plan and improve access to sexual and reproductive health services. 13 The Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights reported that it had led the “free and equal” campaign to promote equal rights for and fair treatment of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and intersex persons, through the media and national events.
Stakeholder Summary:
Para 5) Joint Submission 3 (JS3) stated that Article 18 of the Constitution included the grounds for prohibition from discrimination and did not include sexual orientation and gender identity as a prohibited ground for discrimination. It noted the adoption of the 2015 resolution by the Parliament “On protection of rights and freedoms of persons belonging to the lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) community in Albania” , of the LGBTI National Action Plan for 2016-2020, and of the 2015 amendments to the Labour Code prohibiting discrimination in employment and professions on the grounds of sexual orientation and gender identity. S3 reported, however, that the Family Code defined marriage only between a man and a woman, and did not guarantee the right of LGBTI couples to adopt or have children via artificial insemination, limiting patrimonial rights. Despite the development of a manual on detecting hate crimes on grounds of sexual orientation and gender identity, and of a series of trainings for police officers, JS3 observed that the police force remained largely untrained and uninformed on LGBTI rights. The number of reported hate-crime cases on the ground of sexual orientation and gender identity was very low and data collection on hate crimes was still lacking. JS3 also noted the reported frequent use of homophobic slurs and bullying against LGBT students in schools, while school psychologists largely ignored the requests for support and, in some cases, offered conversion therapies. JS3 further noted that transgender students were forced to drop out from schools because of isolation and discrimination.
Stakeholder Summary:
Para 20) JS7 reported that LGBTI persons lacked full access to healthcare and experienced poor quality of service due to discrimination, stigmatization and negative attitudes. JS3 specified that transgender persons faced discrimination or refusal of services from health professionals on the grounds of their gender identity, and that there were no medical multidisciplinary team working with intersex babies nor written protocols for establishing intersex diagnosis.
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State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:PhilippinesPhilippinesRegional groupAsia-Pacific GroupPolitical groupASEANIssue:
- Trafficking in women and / or girls
Type:RecommendationSession:19th session, May 2014Status:AcceptedContents:Ensure effective implementation of the measures or strategies established to counter and prevent trafficking in persons, including by intensifying efforts to prosecute perpetrators and providing adequate protection to trafficking victims, especially women and children.ImplementationNational Report:
Para 51) Legal and institutional framework in the field of trafficking is improved, and includes amendments to the Criminal Procedure Code (Law 35/2017) and an improved position and access to the criminal process for the victim. Law ‘On Social Care Services’ places a requirement on all institutions responsible for treatment of a trafficked persons to take all specific measures and actions for their assistance and support, in order to find a lasting solution. Law ‘On State Police’ provides for additional safeguards for the protection and comprehensive support for victims of trafficking, especially women and children. Para 52) The National Strategy on the Fight against Human Trafficking 2018-2020 is organised around four main pillars (investigation and criminal prosecution, victim protection and assistance, prevention, and coordination), with a budget for its activities. The Cross-sectoral Strategy on the Fight against Organised Crime, Illicit Trafficking and Terrorism 2013–2020, increasing the efforts in the fight against trafficking of persons. Strengthening international and inter-institutional cooperation with all stakeholders, in particular with the Serious Crimes Prosecution Office, which deals with trafficking cases of women, vulnerable groups and children.
UN Compilation:
Para 19) The Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination welcomed the National Strategy on the Fight against Human Trafficking for 2018–2020,49 but was concerned that Roma and Egyptian women and children were disproportionately overrepresented among victims of trafficking. CEDAW was concerned that Albania remained a source and destination country for trafficking in women and girls, especially for trafficking linked to tourism in coastal areas.
Stakeholder Summary:
Para 13) In 2016, the Council of Europe Group of Experts on Action against Trafficking in Human Beings (CoE-GRETA) … … referred to a surge in the number of female victims of trafficking for the purpose of sexual exploitation and child victims trafficked for the purpose of sexual exploitation and/or begging during the tourist season.
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State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:CzechiaCzechiaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupEUIssue:
- Training for state personnel on sexual rights issues
- Domestic violence
Type:RecommendationSession:19th session, May 2014Status:AcceptedContents:Ensure adequate training of police in order to increase their capability to deal with domestic violence cases, and take further steps to raise public awareness of domestic violence as a criminal offence.ImplementationNational Report:
Para 13) Law No. 108/2014 “On the State Police“ was amended, strengthening actions in the field of domestic violence and trafficking, protection measures for children and interinstitutional collaboration.