UPR Sexual Rights Database

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UN Member State that is reviewed on its human rights record as part of the UPR process.

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Source of Reference

Recommending State

UN Member State or Permanent Observer making sexual rights related recommendations, comments or asking questions to the State under Review.

Review Documentation

Sources of information used as the basis for a State’s review.  Includes the State’s National Report, UN Compilation Report and a Stakeholder Summary.

UN Regional Group to which State under Review belongs.

UN Regional Group to which Recommending State belongs.

This will only match recommendations where the Source of Review is a State.

Implementation notes

State responses to recommendations and issues raised in the UN Compilation and Stakeholder summary.

Displaying 42076 - 42100 of 58160 recommendations found
  • State Under Review:

    Romania

    Romania
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    EU
    OIF
    Source Of Reference:

    Stakeholder Summary

    Issue:
    • HIV and AIDS
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    29th Session, January 2018
    Status:
    Not Followed up with a Recommendation
    Contents:
    JS3 recommended ... ensuring the provision of information and training of medical personnel on HIV and the rights of patients with HIV, and adopting legislation that allows HIV testing without parental consent below 18 years of age. It recommended strengthening access to opioid substitution treatment, scaling up the methadone maintenance treatment, and increasing and subsidizing the needle and syringe programs. [Para 32]
  • State Under Review:

    Romania

    Romania
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    EU
    OIF
    Source Of Reference:

    Italy

    Italy
    Regional group
    WEOG
    Political group
    EU
    Issue:
    • Sexual exploitation / slavery
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    15th session, February 2013
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    That further efforts be deployed to assure that the respect of fundamental rights of the child and the fight against ... sexual exploitation ...
    Implementation
    National Report:
    Para 78) The National Agency against Trafficking in Persons (NATIP) and its public and private institutional partners focused on prevention work and on improving the protection of the rights of children vulnerable to trafficking. In the period 2012-2016 the trafficking prevention activity aimed to cover a wide spectrum of phenomena (sexual exploitation, labour exploitation and begging), the element of unity and coherence being represented by focusing the message on the risks associated with trafficking.

    UN Compilation:
    Para 26) The Committee against Torture was concerned that Romania remained a country of origin, transit and destination for human trafficking, in particular for sexual and labour exploitation and forced begging.
    Para 53) CRC The was concerned at the general tolerance of different forms of violence against children; the limited capacity of the public system to identify, report and address cases of violence, abuse and neglect of children, as well as sexual exploitation and abuse in a cross-sectoral manner; …

    Stakeholder Summary:
    Para 38) JS1 noted an increase in incidents of sexual abuse against children and of sexual exploitation of children. Children had been increasingly at risk of being subject to online child sexual exploitation and child pornography. JS1 reported on legal amendments made to combat child sexual exploitation. Penalties had increased for sexual assault and rape for victims who were younger than 18 (previously 16) years old. The use of child prostitution was explicitly criminalised. The Penal Code was amended to introduce definition for child pornography. However, JS1 reported on a lack of specialised services and support for child victims of sexual exploitation.
  • State Under Review:

    Romania

    Romania
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    EU
    OIF
    Source Of Reference:

    Belgium

    Belgium
    Regional group
    WEOG
    Political group
    EU
    OIF
    Issue:
    • Sexual exploitation / slavery
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    15th session, February 2013
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Take measure to prevent trafficking in children and their sexual exploitation by establishing education programmes and developing support services for them.
    Implementation
    National Report:
    Para 78) The National Agency against Trafficking in Persons (NATIP) and its public and private institutional partners focused on prevention work and on improving the protection of the rights of children vulnerable to trafficking. In the period 2012-2016 the trafficking prevention activity aimed to cover a wide spectrum of phenomena (sexual exploitation, labour exploitation and begging), the element of unity and coherence being represented by focusing the message on the risks associated with trafficking.

    UN Compilation:
    Para 26) The Committee against Torture was concerned that Romania remained a country of origin, transit and destination for human trafficking, in particular for sexual and labour exploitation and forced begging.
    Para 53) CRC The was concerned at the general tolerance of different forms of violence against children; the limited capacity of the public system to identify, report and address cases of violence, abuse and neglect of children, as well as sexual exploitation and abuse in a cross-sectoral manner; …

    Stakeholder Summary:
    Para 38) JS1 noted an increase in incidents of sexual abuse against children and of sexual exploitation of children. Children had been increasingly at risk of being subject to online child sexual exploitation and child pornography. JS1 reported on legal amendments made to combat child sexual exploitation. Penalties had increased for sexual assault and rape for victims who were younger than 18 (previously 16) years old. The use of child prostitution was explicitly criminalised. The Penal Code was amended to introduce definition for child pornography. However, JS1 reported on a lack of specialised services and support for child victims of sexual exploitation.
  • State Under Review:

    Romania

    Romania
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    EU
    OIF
    Source Of Reference:

    Stakeholder Summary

    Issue:
    • Right to marry
    • Rights of same-sex desiring persons
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    15th session, February 2013
    Status:
    Neglected
    Contents:
    JS4 stated that the 2011 Civil Code introduced a restrictive definition of family - a man and a woman united by marriage - compared to the previous definition formulated in gender-neutral terms. It added that the Code prohibited same-sex marriage and did not recognize same-sex marriages and civil partnerships contracted abroad. [Para 33]
  • State Under Review:

    Romania

    Romania
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    EU
    OIF
    Source Of Reference:

    UN Compilation

    Issue:
    • Sexuality education
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    43rd Session, May 2023
    Status:
    Reference Addressed
    Contents:
    The Working Group [on discrimination against women and girls] recommended guaranteeing comprehensive, scientific, human rights-based and age-appropriate sexuality education for all children. [Para 56]
  • State Under Review:

    Romania

    Romania
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    EU
    OIF
    Source Of Reference:

    Stakeholder Summary

    Issue:
    • Gender equality
    • Domestic violence
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    43rd Session, May 2023
    Status:
    Reference Addressed
    Contents:
    JS3 recommended adopting the National Strategy [for promoting Equality of Opportunity and Equal Treatment between Women and Men and for Preventing and Combating Domestic Violence] and allocating state funding in accordance with its objectives and targeted results. [Para 57]
  • State Under Review:

    Romania

    Romania
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    EU
    OIF
    Source Of Reference:

    Stakeholder Summary

    Issue:
    • Violence against women / gender-based violence
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    43rd Session, May 2023
    Status:
    Not Followed up with a Recommendation
    Contents:
    CoE-GREVIO invited the authorities to gradually reduce the dependency on external funding for activities to combat violence against women and ensure a wider share of funding from the state budget. CoE-GREVIO encouraged Romania to ensure appropriate resources for social services, including those delivered by local authorities in support of victims of all forms of violence against women. [Para 62]
  • State Under Review:

    Romania

    Romania
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    EU
    OIF
    Source Of Reference:

    Namibia

    Namibia
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    Commonwealth
    Issue:
    • International human rights instruments
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    43rd Session, May 2023
    Status:
    Unclear Response
    Contents:
    Ratify the Domestic Workers Convention, 2011 (No. 189) of the International Labour Organisation.
    Explanation
    Noted. ... the Government could not prejudge on the position the legislator will take in the process of ratification.
  • State Under Review:

    Romania

    Romania
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    EU
    OIF
    Source Of Reference:

    France

    France
    Regional group
    WEOG
    Political group
    EU
    OIF
    Issue:
    • Intersex persons' rights
    • Discrimination based on sexual orientation
    • Discrimination based on gender identity
    • Violence on the basis of sexual orientation
    • Violence on the basis of gender identity
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    43rd Session, May 2023
    Status:
    Unclear Response
    Contents:
    Pursue the policy of combating all forms of discrimination and violence, making it possible in particular to better protect LGBT+ and Roma persons.
    Explanation
    Noted. ... with the explanation that there is a need to examine in detail the domestic legal framework in relation to the complaints filed by the applicants. In addition, there is a need to thoroughly examine the legal avenues to execute the judgement of the European Court of Human Rights. ... Romania upholds its position that a revision of the anti-discrimination law is not necessary, after careful assessment by the National Council for Combatting Discrimination. Under the European Convention on Human Rights and European Union law, in light of the case-law at European and domestic level, acts of discrimination based on gender identity and sexual orientation fall within the scope of the protection of the national anti-discrimination law.
  • State Under Review:

    Romania

    Romania
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    EU
    OIF
    Source Of Reference:

    Azerbaijan

    Azerbaijan
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    OIC
    CIS
    Issue:
    • International human rights instruments
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    43rd Session, May 2023
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Speed up the process of becoming party to the OP-CRPD.
  • State Under Review:

    Romania

    Romania
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    EU
    OIF
    Source Of Reference:

    Belgium

    Belgium
    Regional group
    WEOG
    Political group
    EU
    OIF
    Issue:
    • Contraception
    • Abortion
    • Sexual and / or reproductive rights and / or health broadly
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    43rd Session, May 2023
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Adopt and adequately fund a national strategy for sexual and reproductive health, including access to contraception and safe abortion.
  • State Under Review:

    Romania

    Romania
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    EU
    OIF
    Source Of Reference:

    Togo

    Togo
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    OIF
    Issue:
    • Gender equality
    • Women's participation
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    43rd Session, May 2023
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Take measures to significantly increase women’s participation in public life, including in decision-making positions.
  • State Under Review:

    Romania

    Romania
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    EU
    OIF
    Source Of Reference:

    Iceland

    Iceland
    Regional group
    WEOG
    Issue:
    • Transgender persons' rights
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    43rd Session, May 2023
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Depathologize gender identity and ensure that essential trans-specific health-care services are part of National Health Insurance schemes.
    Explanation
    Noted as far as de-pathologisation is concerned, which will be possible only after the implementation of ICD-11 coding; supported for the part on ensuring that essential trans-specific health-care services are part of National Health Insurance schemes, as the persons insured in the health system benefit from prescriptions of specific hormonal products covered by 90%, on the basis of a medical prescription. ... In Romania, the ICD-10 coding of medical conditions is in force, the de-pathologisation will be possible only after the implementation of ICD-11 coding. After reaching a conclusion of gender or sexual identity disorder, the patients benefit from psychotherapy, the prescription of treatment with specific hormonal products and later from surgical interventions for the medical component, if they desire to complement the transition. ... Regarding the treatment with specific hormonal products – DCI TESTOSTERONUM and DCI ESTRADIOLUM – the persons insured in the health system benefit from prescriptions covered by 90%, on the basis of a medical prescription, according to the List containing the international common names corresponding to the medicines that the insured benefit from, with or without personal contribution, in the social health insurance system.
  • State Under Review:

    Romania

    Romania
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    EU
    OIF
    Source Of Reference:

    Argentina

    Argentina
    Regional group
    GRULAC
    Political group
    OAS
    OEI
    Issue:
    • Violence against women / gender-based violence
    • Sexual violence
    • Domestic violence
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    43rd Session, May 2023
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Ensure the effective implementation of the law on preventing and combating domestic violence and establish integrated emergency centres for victims and survivors of sexual violence.
  • State Under Review:

    Romania

    Romania
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    EU
    OIF
    Source Of Reference:

    National Report

    Issue:
    • Discrimination based on sexual orientation
    • Criminal laws on same-sex sexual practices
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    2nd session, May 2008
    Status:
    N/A
    Contents:
    Article 200 of the Criminal Code, incriminating sexual relations between persons of the same sex, was repealed in 2002. Discrimination based on gender and sexual orientation is prohibited by law. LGBT communities have become more visible in recent years, including as result of events such as Bucharest's annual "Gay Fest" parade and Cluj Napoca's Gay Film Nights Festival. In the post-communist period, social attitudes in relation to sexual minorities have started to change and, after years of total silence, this topic is being openly discussed in the mass-media. Nevertheless, given an incriminatory past and the conservatory views existing in the society, sexual minorities are still vulnerable to prejudices and discriminatory attitudes. [Para 35]
  • State Under Review:

    Romania

    Romania
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    EU
    OIF
    Source Of Reference:

    National Report

    Issue:
    • Women's and / or girls' rights
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    2nd session, May 2008
    Status:
    N/A
    Contents:
    Article 47 of the Constitution provides for the maternity leave. According to article 10 of the Labor Code, maternity can not be a reason for discrimination and dismissal during the maternity. In addition, it is forbidden to ask a candidate, when applying for a job, to present a pregnancy certificate and/or to sign a commitment that she won't become pregnant or give birth to a child during the period of validity of her working contract. In the private economic sector, there are situations where pregnancy becomes an obstacle either for getting or for keeping a job. Labor inspectors are expected to take a more pro-active stance in this respect, thoroughly investigating such instances and applying sanctions accordingly. [Para 87]
  • State Under Review:

    Romania

    Romania
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    EU
    OIF
    Source Of Reference:

    Honduras

    Honduras
    Regional group
    GRULAC
    Political group
    OAS
    OEI
    ACS
    Issue:
    • Marginalized groups of women
    • Gender equality
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    29th Session, January 2018
    Status:
    Unclear Response
    Contents:
    Adopt specific legislative and policy measures, with a gender focus, to combat discrimination in law and practice against the Roma, and which include positive measures to guarantee inclusion in the areas of health, education, housing, and employment, particularly in the rural areas .
    Explanation
    Noted. have already been complied with. The Romanian legislation provides for and guarantees equal rights and unhindered access to services for all Romanian citizens and, at the same time, it prohibits and sanctions all forms of discrimination, including on ethnic grounds. Furthermore, the Romanian authorities have been taken positive measures and implemented targeted programs to ensure equal and non-discriminatory access to, among other, quality education, housing, health and employment for all citizens with an emphasis on the Roma community.
  • State Under Review:

    Romania

    Romania
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    EU
    OIF
    Source Of Reference:

    Australia

    Australia
    Regional group
    WEOG
    Political group
    PIF
    Commonwealth
    Issue:
    • HIV and AIDS
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    29th Session, January 2018
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Introduce a national HIV prevention strategy and work with civil society for its implementation.
    Explanation
    The National Health Strategy 2014-2020 has a distinct chapter on HIV/AIDS which focuses on policies and legislation, management and intervention, prevention, monitoring, treatment, nutrition, minimizing the occupational biological risks. The National HIV Programme has been implemented nationwide since 2001.
  • State Under Review:

    Romania

    Romania
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    EU
    OIF
    Source Of Reference:

    Australia

    Australia
    Regional group
    WEOG
    Political group
    PIF
    Commonwealth
    Issue:
    • Intersex persons' rights
    • Discrimination based on sexual orientation
    • Discrimination based on gender identity
    • Rights of same-sex desiring persons
    • Transgender persons' rights
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    29th Session, January 2018
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Continue efforts to combat discrimination and protect vulnerable groups, particularly LGBTI people, and take steps to fully implement, monitor and evaluate the national strategy on equality and non-discrimination.
  • State Under Review:

    Romania

    Romania
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    EU
    OIF
    Source Of Reference:

    Tunisia

    Tunisia
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    AL
    OIF
    Issue:
    • Sexual exploitation / slavery
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    29th Session, January 2018
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Continue the ongoing efforts to combat trafficking in human beings, especially trafficking of children and protect them from sexual exploitation.
  • State Under Review:

    Romania

    Romania
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    EU
    OIF
    Source Of Reference:

    Germany

    Germany
    Regional group
    WEOG
    Political group
    EU
    Issue:
    • Rights of same-sex desiring persons
    Type:
    Question
    Session:
    29th Session, January 2018
    Status:
    N/A
    Contents:
    What is the position of the Romanian Government regarding the planned referendum which wants to alter the definition of family within the Romanian Constitution and thus exclude children and their single parents as well as same-sex couples from the fundamental right protection for families?
  • State Under Review:

    Romania

    Romania
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    EU
    OIF
    Source Of Reference:

    Stakeholder Summary

    Issue:
    • Sexual exploitation / slavery
    • Training for state personnel on sexual rights issues
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    29th Session, January 2018
    Status:
    Not Followed up with a Recommendation
    Contents:
    JS1 recommended inter alia ... including the issue of child sexual exploitation in the training curriculum for relevant professionals to strengthen their capacities in identifying child victims of sexual exploitation. [Para 39]
  • State Under Review:

    Romania

    Romania
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    EU
    OIF
    Source Of Reference:

    Palestine

    Palestine
    Regional group
    Observer
    Political group
    OIC
    AL
    Issue:
    • International human rights instruments
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    15th session, February 2013
    Status:
    Rejected
    Contents:
    Ratify OP-ICESCR.
  • State Under Review:

    Romania

    Romania
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    EU
    OIF
    Source Of Reference:

    Iran

    Iran
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Political group
    OIC
    Issue:
    • Domestic violence
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    15th session, February 2013
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Take further measures to decrease serious challenges in access to justice by victims of domestic violence ...
    Implementation
    National Report:
    Para 88) In the field of domestic violence, the Ministry of Labor and Social Justice, through the National Agency for Equal Opportunities for Women and Men (NAEO), exercises the functions of strategy, regulation, representation and State authority and has attributions in the elaboration, coordination and implementation of the strategies and policies of the Government.
    Para 89) In order to strengthen public policy for eliminating gender based violence, including domestic violence, in 2012, the Romanian Government approved Government Decision no. 1156/2012 for the approval of the National Strategy for prevention and combating of family violence and the Action Plan for implementing the national strategy for prevention and combating of family violence for the period 2013–201726 .
    Para 90) By Law no. 30/2016 Romania ratified the Istanbul Convention imposing concrete measures on States Parties to prevent and combat violence against women and domestic violence. The Istanbul Convention proposes creating mechanisms to guarantee the protection of victims, raise awareness of the effects of the phenomenon, and prevent and combat all forms of violence.
    Para 91) In order to carry out the complex legislative steps required by the implementation of the Istanbul Convention, NAEO elaborated the necessary legislative package for the implementation of the Istanbul Convention, which includes the modification of the legislation regarding equal opportunities for women and men, on the prevention and combating domestic violence, the modification of the Criminal and Criminal Procedure Codes.
    Para 92) At the same time, the Governance Program for the period 2017–2020 provides a series of measures aimed to preventing and combating violence against women and domestic violence, and has as a prerequisite the adoption of the draft laws necessary for the harmonization of national legislation with the provisions of the Istanbul Convention and it will be transposed into secondary legislation, as well as the development of social services for victims of domestic violence and aggressors by implementing projects from European funds.
    Para 93) Another important task of the NAEO is to finance and/or co-finance programs of national interest in the field of gender equality and prevention and combating domestic violence. A number of projects were and are to be developed in order to raise awareness on this phenomenon.
    Para 95) Aspects related to domestic violence are being approached in the framework of the family law organized for the judicial trainees and for the continuous training by the National Institute of Magistracy.

    Stakeholder Summary:
    Para 19) [ACTEDO] noted that despite existing legislation on domestic violence, programmes and services to prevent and combat domestic violence were scarce and poorly funded.
  • State Under Review:

    Romania

    Romania
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    EU
    OIF
    Source Of Reference:

    UN Compilation

    Issue:
    • Sexual abuse
    • Sexual exploitation / slavery
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    15th session, February 2013
    Status:
    Neglected
    Contents:
    CRC recommended that Romania set up specific provisions in criminal law and procedure for the hearing of child victims of crime, including sexual exploitation and sexual abuse. [Para 34]