Displaying 451 - 475 of 58160 recommendations found
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State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:IrelandIrelandRegional groupWEOGPolitical groupEUIssue:
- Intersex persons' rights
- Discrimination based on sexual orientation
- Discrimination based on gender identity
- Rights of same-sex desiring persons
- Violence on the basis of sexual orientation
- Violence on the basis of gender identity
Type:RecommendationSession:33rd Session, May 2019Status:Unclear ResponseContents:Intensify efforts to protect lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and intersex individuals from acts of violence, discrimination and harassment by fully implementing the National Action Plan for LGBTI Persons 2016-2020 and amending the Family Code to provide legal recognition of same-sex partnerships.
ExplanationNoted. In relation with the amendments of the Family Code to provide legal recognition for the same sex partnership, and same sex civil union as is stated specifically in the above recommendations, the Government of the Republic of Albania is currently not planning (for the next 4 years) proposals to include these amendments on the Family Code.
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State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:IndonesiaIndonesiaRegional groupAsia-Pacific GroupPolitical groupASEANOICIssue:
- Trafficking in women and / or girls
Type:RecommendationSession:33rd Session, May 2019Status:AcceptedContents:Intensify efforts to prevent and address trafficking in persons, particularly women and children.
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State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:CzechiaCzechiaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupEUIssue:
- Domestic violence
- Women's and / or girls' rights
- Women's participation
Type:RecommendationSession:33rd Session, May 2019Status:AcceptedContents:Continue efforts to change the prevalent gender stereotypes, combat domestic violence and further promote participation of women in political and public life.
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State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:SwitzerlandSwitzerlandRegional groupWEOGPolitical groupOIFIssue:
- Violence against women / gender-based violence
Type:RecommendationSession:33rd Session, May 2019Status:AcceptedContents:Contribute financially to the free consultation line for girls and women victims of gender-based violence.
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State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:SingaporeSingaporeRegional groupAsia-Pacific GroupPolitical groupASEANCommonwealthIssue:
- Marginalized groups of women
- Violence against women / gender-based violence
- Domestic violence
Type:RecommendationSession:33rd Session, May 2019Status:AcceptedContents:Ensures that services to victims of violence against women and domestic violence are made available to the most marginalised communities, including women in rural areas, women with disabilities and women from ethnic minority groups.
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State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:UN CompilationIssue:
- HIV and AIDS
Type:Review DocumentationSession:33rd Session, May 2019Status:Not Followed up with a RecommendationContents:The United Nations country team reported that Albania remained a country with a low prevalence of HIV and that antiretroviral medicines were offered for free. It urged Albania to raise public awareness on the importance of HIV testing and to ensure that tests were available and accessible at care points. ... [Para 26] -
State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:Stakeholder SummaryIssue:
- HIV and AIDS
- Sexual and / or reproductive rights and / or health broadly
Type:Review DocumentationSession:33rd Session, May 2019Status:Not Followed up with a RecommendationContents:JS7 noted that the majority of persons living with HIV in Albania were unaware of their HIV status and thus were unlikely to be accessing treatment or care. It noted that antenatal services to screen pregnant women for HIV and facilitate early diagnosis, provision of counseling services in mother and child health centers, and free distribution of antiretroviral medicines were envisaged in the Strategic Document and Action Plan for Sexual Reproductive Health for 2017-2021 and foreseen in the Basic Package of Primary Health Care Services. According to JS7, beyond the positive legal aspects, mother to child transmission was a growing concern. JS3 reported that Albania had only one ambulatory outpatient clinic for treatment of HIV, and lacked antiretroviral medications. [Para 22]
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State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:BrazilBrazilRegional groupGRULACPolitical groupOASOEIIssue:
- International human rights instruments
Type:RecommendationSession:6th session, December 2009Status:AcceptedContents:Consider ratifying CRPD and its OP...ImplementationNational Report:
Para 43) The CRPD was ratified by the Albanian Assembly in November 2012. Concerning the OP of the Convention, the Albanian authorities are evaluating this recommendation and shall soon consider its signing and ratification. -
State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:National ReportIssue:
- Marginalized groups of women
- Gender equality
- Violence against women / gender-based violence
- Domestic violence
- Women's participation
Type:Review DocumentationSession:6th session, December 2009Status:N/AContents:"The National Strategy for Gender Equality and Domestic Violence" (2007-2010), aims at promoting the dialogue on the accomplishment of gender equality, ensuring equal participation of men and women in the social, economic, political life of the country, equal opportunities to enjoy their rights and to put in service their individual potentials to the benefit of the society; improving the protection, the reaction of justice system and support to the victims of domestic violence, as well as placing a clearer focus on the prevention, addressing the causes of domestic violence and abuse. One of the objectives of this strategy is the involvement in manufacturing activities, of women who are head of their households; violated, trafficked women; women with disabilities; unemployed Roma women; women from rural areas etc. The Strategy Action Plan provides concrete measures addressing the issues of gender equality, domestic violence prevention. [Para 93] -
State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:UN CompilationIssue:
- Violence against women / gender-based violence
- Sexual violence
- Domestic violence
Type:Review DocumentationSession:6th session, December 2009Status:Reference AddressedContents:CAT recommended that Albania adopt measures to combat sexual violence and violence against women, including domestic violence. [Para 28] -
State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:VietnamVietnamRegional groupAsia-Pacific GroupPolitical groupASEANOIFIssue:
- Gender equality
Type:RecommendationSession:19th session, May 2014Status:AcceptedContents:Give priority to and allocate resources for implementing current national strategies, programmes and measures, with more focus on addressing the challenges and disparities in employment, education and health care, especially for vulnerable groups of women, children, migrants and the elderly.ImplementationNational Report:
Para 33) Amendments to the Electoral Code in 2013 on the parliamentary elections, which requiring at least 30% of the candidates on the multi-name lists of candidates to belong to each gender. Amendments of Electoral Code for the 2015 local elections upon a proposal of the Alliance of Women Members of Parliament provide that: 50% of the candidates on the multi-name lists of candidates to belong to each gender. As a result, the current representation of women in the Assembly is 27.85% (39 women out of 140). Women’s representation in the Government is respectively: 8 ministers or 42%; Women’s representation in the city councils is 34.6% (from 12% after the 2011 elections) and 9 mayors (14.7%) out of a total of 61 mayors. Progress has been made in relation with the representation in the public administration. Para 34) Amendments of the Labor Code in December 2015 introduced new provisions, with direct impact in women, including: an improved definition of sexual harassment in the work place; the reverse of the burden of proof for sexual harassment; additional guarantees for women’s return to work after their maternity leave; non-discriminatory remuneration for all, and not only for men and women, etc.
Para 35) A new Code of Administrative Procedures (Law 44/2015) was approved by the Assembly of the Republic of Albania on 30.04.2015 and entered into force on 28.05.2016. An important step is the provision related the reverse of the burden of proof in matters of discrimination. The public body should be guided by the principle of equality and antidiscrimination for grounds provided by law, including gender and gender identity.
Para 36) Several bylaws in relation to economic position of women were adopted , such as: On the right to withdraw economic aid, exclusively by women, that will increase the access to financial resources; Specific measures are adopted to support women entrepreneurs and women's development initiatives in rural areas.
UN Compilation:
Para 29) The United Nations country team noted that legislation on gender equality, nondiscrimination and domestic violence had improved, and that Albania was implementing the third National Strategy on Gender Equality for 2016–2020. CEDAW welcomed the amendment to the Labour Code that defined and reversed the burden of proof in cases of sexual harassment, …
Para 33) [CEDAW] welcomed the amendments made in 2015 to the Electoral Code, which established a 50 per cent quota for candidates from both sexes for local elections, and noted an increase in the number of women participating in political and public life.
Para 34) [CEDAW] was also concerned about the concentration of women in the informal labour market without adequate labour and social protection, the significant gender wage gap, particularly in the private sector, and the extremely low minimum wage that disproportionately affected women.83 The United Nations country team raised similar concerns.
Para 35) [CEDAW] welcomed the adoption of the action plan for supporting women entrepreneurs for 2014–202085 and the amendment made in 2014 to the Law on Social Assistance and Social Services, which provided for social assistance to be paid directly to women. Nevertheless, the Committee noted with concern the limited implementation of those measures, in particular at the local level and with regard to women and girls belonging to disadvantaged or marginalized groups.
Stakeholder Summary:
Para 23) … JS1 also stated that girls often had fewer opportunities to attend secondary and tertiary education compared to boys.
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State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:IrelandIrelandRegional groupWEOGPolitical groupEUIssue:
- Domestic violence
Type:RecommendationSession:19th session, May 2014Status:AcceptedContents:Establish appropriate shelters and social services for victims of domestic violence, as well as a system of victim compensation and reintegration.ImplementationNational Report:
Para 41) Law "On legal aid", which entered into force on 1 June 2018, provide access to justice for individuals with economic difficulties including disadvantaged groups. The law defines conditions, procedures and rules on administration of legal aid guaranteed by the state, equal access to the justice system, professional legal aid, and state institutions responsible for administering legal aid. This law provides as beneficiaries of stateguaranteed legal aid regardless of their income and property, expressly victims of domestic violence, sexually abused victims and victims of trafficking in human beings, to other categories such as child victims and juveniles in conflict with the law, persons in social care, persons without legal capacity to act and victims of discriminatory behavior.
Para 42) Law No.22 / 2018 "On Social Housing", with regard of social housing programs provides for priority in terms of securing social housing victims of domestic violence, victims of trafficking and potential victims of trafficking.
Para 44) National Referral Mechanism (NRM) for cases of violence in family relations was established at the local level in 60 municipalities (out of the then total of 61 municipalities), as well employees for gender equality, with the role of local coordinators against domestic violence. Since 2016 are adopted standards of services for victims of domestic violence. There is need for a multidisciplinary, rapid and effective approach, for national and local government units' awareness on budgeting of gender priorities, applying for funding to provide social services for victims of domestic violence.
Para 45) The State Police has established a telephone service number 129 or 11 for all emergencies which operates 24 hours in 7 days. Since 2017, the Free Counselling Line 116- 117, is offering free of charge primary service of psycho-emotional support, counselling and assistance for the referral of violence, in a secure and confidential environment. National service counselling standards for victims of domestic violence were adopted.
Para 49) There are 6 non-public centers providing residential services (2 in Tirana, 1 in Berat, 1 in Korca, 1 in Elbasan, 1 in Vlora). In December 2018, was opened a Crisis Management Center for Victims of Sexual Violence “Lilium Center”, at the premises of the Tirana University Hospital Center "Mother Theresa". This Center provides 24/7 integrated services to victims of sexual violence by a multidisciplinary team. Standards of this Center were approved by Instruction of the Minister of Health and Social Protection in November 2018.
Para 78) The provision of services to victims of domestic violence has been strengthened. The number of children accommodated annually is relatively consistent, from 38–59 cases per year. A tailored integration service plan is developed for each child that includes their enrolment and monitoring of school attendance. Various awareness-raising and entertainment activities are carried out aiming to develop their social and cognitive skills. Specialist social workers and psychologists at the centre support the mothers to become part of the employment and housing schemes offered by the local government or non-profit organisations, in order to improve their financial situation. Other services available to victims, provided by public and private centres include, housing and psycho-social support, referral for medical care, legal aid, professional training courses, and employment mediation.
UN Compilation:
Para 30) … CEDAW was concerned about the prevalence of gender-based violence, the low rate of reporting of cases of gender-based violence against women, the insufficient implementation of the national referral mechanism, the insufficient number of shelters for victims of gender-based violence and the restrictive criteria for admission to those shelters, and the frequent failure to enforce protection orders and emergency protection orders. The country team made similar observations and highlighted that women from disadvantaged groups faced additional barriers to accessing services.
Stakeholder Summary:
Para 27) … Both, JS5 and JS2 reported that the Law “On Free Legal Aid provided by the State” 111/2017, which provided the right for victims of domestic violence to obtain legal assistance, had not been fully implemented.
Para 29) According to JS5, victims of sexual violence received little protection and few services as the country did not have rape crisis centers or sexual violence referral centers. Victims also faced problems accessing short-term housing with the number of shelters in the country and their capacity being insufficient. -
State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:VenezuelaVenezuelaRegional groupGRULACPolitical groupOASOEIACSIssue:
- Gender equality
- Women's and / or girls' rights
Type:RecommendationSession:19th session, May 2014Status:AcceptedContents:Further increase concrete measures in the framework of the 2011-2015 Strategy and Action Plan for the promotion and protection of gender equality and women's rights.ImplementationUN Compilation:
Para 29) The United Nations country team noted that legislation on gender equality, nondiscrimination and domestic violence had improved, and that Albania was implementing the third National Strategy on Gender Equality for 2016–2020.
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State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:NetherlandsNetherlandsRegional groupWEOGPolitical groupEUIssue:
- Harmful practices based on cultural / traditional values
- Gender equality
- Sex selection / "foeticide"
Type:RecommendationSession:19th session, May 2014Status:AcceptedContents:Develop programmes and policies that foster norms and attitudes of zero tolerance for harmful and discriminatory attitudes towards gender, including the preference for sons, which can result in harmful and unethical practices such as prenatal sex selection.ExplanationThe National Strategy on Gender Equality, 2011-2015 and its Action Plan, provides: strengthening the legal and institutional mechanism; increasing participation of women in decision-making; economic empowerment of women and girls; reducing gender-based violence. Financial costs and funding sources are defined already for its implementation. These policies will address the needs of vulnerable groups of women, in disadvantage situations related to their disabilities, social and ethnic origin or sexual orientation. Awareness programs and campaigns are developing on the elimination of gender discrimination.
The 3-year strategy, on the education on prenatal sex selection, which will be implemented in the 2nd half of the year 2014, provides:
- Awareness campaigns, educational activities on prenatal sex selection and its long- term consequences;
- models and approaches to influence gender norms and practices within families and society;
- training of professionals related to selective abortion, and the disruption of birth ratio;
- strengthening the cooperation with civil society organizations;
- improvement of data monitoring system for the registration of births in health institutions.ImplementationNational Report:
Para 25) The United Nations country team noted that, according to national analytical studies and surveys, sex-selective abortions were still being performed in both private and public clinics without any serious legal or procedural barriers.
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State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:Stakeholder SummaryIssue:
- Sexual exploitation / slavery
Type:Review DocumentationSession:19th session, May 2014Status:Reference AddressedContents:JS5 stated that children involved in prostitution were not exempt from criminal responsibility and therefore, in principle, they could be prosecuted for being victims of child prostitution. It recommended that the Penal Code be amended to contain a specific provision which would expressly state that child victims of prostitution should not be prosecuted. JS5 also recommended that the Penal Code expressly criminalize the following offences: offering, obtaining, procuring or providing a child for child prostitution. [Para 21] -
State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:NetherlandsNetherlandsRegional groupWEOGPolitical groupEUIssue:
- Birth registration
Type:QuestionSession:19th session, May 2014Status:Not Followed up with a RecommendationContents:How will the Government improve birth registration of Roma children, as well as access to education and health services for Roma children? -
State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:MexicoMexicoRegional groupGRULACPolitical groupOASOEIACSIssue:
- Birth registration
Type:RecommendationSession:6th session, December 2009Status:AcceptedContents:Facilitate and ensure registration of all children born in Albania.ImplementationNational Report:
Para 71) The law "On Civil Status" (2009) provides administrative solutions to cases of born and unregistered children and avoids new cases of non-registration. A financial contribution, is granted to parents, to encourage the children registration.
Para 72) In 2011, a cooperation memorandum was signed with NGOs to facilitate registration procedures of births taking place abroad, through the consular services. The Ministry of Health has approved the new template of birth certificate in maternities.
Para 73) In 2012, have been adopted procedures for registering abandoned and unregistered children by in by representatives of state police and municipalities/municipality units/communes, structures.
Para 74) During 2010-2011, there have been registered 550 cases, 270 children were registered in 2012, 40% of whom belongs to Roma community and 70 cases are in process.
Para 75) Regarding the cases of declared births in Roma community, the relevant structures have cooperated with NGOs, which cover the financial costs to provide documents or to attend a judicial process. -
State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:PolandPolandRegional groupEEGPolitical groupEUIssue:
- Sexual exploitation / slavery
Type:QuestionSession:6th session, December 2009Status:Not Followed up with a RecommendationContents:Enquired about the measures taken and being envisaged to implement the recommendations of the Special Rapporteur on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography in 2005. -
State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:CanadaCanadaRegional groupWEOGPolitical groupOASOIFCommonwealthIssue:
- Domestic violence
Type:RecommendationSession:6th session, December 2009Status:AcceptedContents:Adopt and implement robust measures to better address domestic violence. -
State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:FijiFijiRegional groupAsia-Pacific GroupPolitical groupPIFCommonwealthIssue:
- Women's and / or girls' rights
Type:RecommendationSession:33rd Session, May 2019Status:AcceptedContents:Take into account the vulnerabilities and needs of women, children, youth, elderly persons, persons with disabilities and indigenous and other marginalised groups in developing policies on climate change and disaster risk management.
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State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:UruguayUruguayRegional groupGRULACPolitical groupOASOEIIssue:
- HIV and AIDS
Type:RecommendationSession:33rd Session, May 2019Status:AcceptedContents:Conduct awareness and prevention campaigns on HIV / AIDS, providing access to appropriate therapies for people living with this virus or disease.
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State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:LithuaniaLithuaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupEUIssue:
- Domestic violence
Type:RecommendationSession:33rd Session, May 2019Status:AcceptedContents:Continue endeavours aimed at combating domestic violence and ensure that all reports of domestic violence are thoroughly investigated and perpetrators are brought to justice.
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State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:MoldovaMoldovaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupCISOIFIssue:
- Sexual violence
- Domestic violence
Type:RecommendationSession:33rd Session, May 2019Status:AcceptedContents:Ensure the effective implementation of the law on legal aid guarantees by the State, especially with regard to victims of domestic violence and sexual violence and ensure that victims are informed of their right to access legal aid.
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State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:National ReportIssue:
- Sexual violence
Type:Review DocumentationSession:33rd Session, May 2019Status:N/AContents:The Law on the Rights of Prisoners and Detainees of 1998 was amended in 2014. These amendments strengthen preventive and protection measures against physical, psychological and sexual violence in prisons and detention centers. [Para 56]
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State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:UN CompilationIssue:
- Early marriage
- Marginalized groups of women
Type:Review DocumentationSession:33rd Session, May 2019Status:Not Followed up with a RecommendationContents:CEDAW was seriously concerned about the practice of child marriage, especially among Roma and Egyptian communities, often authorized by a court decision as an exception to the minimum age of marriage of 18 years. It recommended that Albania strictly prohibit child marriage and criminalize violations of that prohibition, allowing only very limited and clearly defined exceptions where courts might authorize unions for persons under 18 years of age with the consent of both partners. It also recommended that Albania raise awareness among children, parents, community and religious leaders and the general public of the negative impact of child marriage on the health and development of children, particularly girls. [Para 39]