UPR Sexual Rights Database

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UN Member State that is reviewed on its human rights record as part of the UPR process.

Categories of the types of information used during reviews

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Source of Reference

Recommending State

UN Member State or Permanent Observer making sexual rights related recommendations, comments or asking questions to the State under Review.

Review Documentation

Sources of information used as the basis for a State’s review.  Includes the State’s National Report, UN Compilation Report and a Stakeholder Summary.

UN Regional Group to which State under Review belongs.

UN Regional Group to which Recommending State belongs.

This will only match recommendations where the Source of Review is a State.

Implementation notes

State responses to recommendations and issues raised in the UN Compilation and Stakeholder summary.

Displaying 42076 - 42100 of 58160 recommendations found
  • State Under Review:

    Romania

    Romania
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    EU
    OIF
    Source Of Reference:

    Belgium

    Belgium
    Regional group
    WEOG
    Political group
    EU
    OIF
    Issue:
    • Intersex persons' rights
    • Rights of same-sex desiring persons
    • Transgender persons' rights
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    29th Session, January 2018
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Increase the organization of awareness raising campaigns to enhance the understanding of the general population of the rights of LGBTI persons, with particular attention to raising awareness among students.
  • State Under Review:

    Romania

    Romania
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    EU
    OIF
    Source Of Reference:

    Mongolia

    Mongolia
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Issue:
    • Women's and / or girls' rights
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    29th Session, January 2018
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Further accelerate its efforts to promote and protect the rights of women.
  • State Under Review:

    Romania

    Romania
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    EU
    OIF
    Source Of Reference:

    UN Compilation

    Issue:
    • Women's and / or girls' rights
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    29th Session, January 2018
    Status:
    Reference Addressed
    Contents:
    CEDAW was concerned at reports of unregistered marriages and their adverse impact on women’s acquisition of rights during, and on their entitlements upon dissolution of, such unions, especially in the absence of legal recognition of de facto unions, and at the lack of adequate legislative measures to guarantee women’s property rights upon divorce. [Para 27]
  • State Under Review:

    Romania

    Romania
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    EU
    OIF
    Source Of Reference:

    Stakeholder Summary

    Issue:
    • Discrimination based on gender identity
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    2nd session, May 2008
    Status:
    Neglected
    Contents:
    The non-discrimination grounds in the anti-discrimination law include sexual orientation but not gender identity and expression, and the law on equal opportunities between women and men does not cover transgender status. [Para 12]
  • State Under Review:

    Romania

    Romania
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    EU
    OIF
    Source Of Reference:

    Stakeholder Summary

    Issue:
    • Violence against women / gender-based violence
    • Domestic violence
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    29th Session, January 2018
    Status:
    Reference Addressed
    Contents:
    ACTEDO recommended designing and implementing a national strategy on gender-based violence, amending the law on domestic violence to expand its scope to all forms of gender-based violence and ensuring its effective implementation. [Para 20]
  • State Under Review:

    Romania

    Romania
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    EU
    OIF
    Source Of Reference:

    UN Compilation

    Issue:
    • Abortion
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    43rd Session, May 2023
    Status:
    Reference Addressed
    Contents:
    The HR Committee recommended ensuring that women had effective access to safe legal abortions and post-abortion care, especially in rural areas. The Working Group on discrimination against women and girls recommended ensuring that legal abortion was accessible in practice by removing existing barriers, including through the proper monitoring and regulation of the practice of conscientious objection. [Para 50]
  • State Under Review:

    Romania

    Romania
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    EU
    OIF
    Source Of Reference:

    Stakeholder Summary

    Issue:
    • Sexuality education
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    43rd Session, May 2023
    Status:
    Reference Addressed
    Contents:
    JS2, JS4 and JS8 recommended that Romania offer comprehensive, rights- and evidence-based and age-appropriate sexuality education and information in schools. BCN recommended lowering the age limit for the access to sex education. JS7 recommended training teachers and education specialists to teach this subject in a non-discriminatory and inclusive manner and establishing a mechanism to monitor schools to ensure effective implementation of health and/or sex education courses. [Para 55]
  • State Under Review:

    Romania

    Romania
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    EU
    OIF
    Source Of Reference:

    Stakeholder Summary

    Issue:
    • Birth registration
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    43rd Session, May 2023
    Status:
    Reference Addressed
    Contents:
    JS5 recommended ensuring that all children born in Romania acquire Romanian nationality automatically at birth, irrespective of their parents’ status. [Para 98]
  • State Under Review:

    Romania

    Romania
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    EU
    OIF
    Source Of Reference:

    Tunisia

    Tunisia
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    AL
    OIF
    Issue:
    • International human rights instruments
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    43rd Session, May 2023
    Status:
    Unclear Response
    Contents:
    Ratify the OP-CRC-IC.
    Explanation
    Noted. ... the Government could not prejudge on the position the legislator will take in the process of ratification. … On the merits, the Romanian party is still in the process of evaluating the changes the ratification of the Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on a communications procedure and the Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights would imply, from the domestic remedies perspectives and given the complex character of the obligations entailed by the Convention and Covenant respectively.
  • State Under Review:

    Romania

    Romania
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    EU
    OIF
    Source Of Reference:

    Iceland

    Iceland
    Regional group
    WEOG
    Issue:
    • Transgender persons' rights
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    43rd Session, May 2023
    Status:
    Unclear Response
    Contents:
    Introduce a transparent administrative self-identification process for legal gender recognition free from intrusive requirements.
    Explanation
    Noted. ... with the explanation that there is a need to examine in detail the domestic legal framework in relation to the complaints filed by the applicants. In addition, there is a need to thoroughly examine the legal avenues to execute the judgement of the European Court of Human Rights.
  • State Under Review:

    Romania

    Romania
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    EU
    OIF
    Source Of Reference:

    Spain

    Spain
    Regional group
    WEOG
    Political group
    EU
    OEI
    Issue:
    • Violence against women / gender-based violence
    • Sexual violence
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    43rd Session, May 2023
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Modify the Penal Code to classify the crime of rape for lack of consent, in addition to providing adequate medical, social and legal assistance to victims and survivors of sexual and gender violence.
    Explanation
    The Romanian Criminal Code defines the rape as the sexual intercourse, oral or anal intercourse with a person, committed by constraint, by rendering the person in question unable to defend themselves or to express their will or by taking advantage of such state; the lack of the victim’s valid consent is thus implied.
  • State Under Review:

    Romania

    Romania
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    EU
    OIF
    Source Of Reference:

    Estonia

    Estonia
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    EU
    Issue:
    • Gender equality
    • Violence against women / gender-based violence
    • Women's and / or girls' rights
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    43rd Session, May 2023
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Adopt and implement further policies and measures to prevent gender discrimination in the workplace and to protect women from violence and harassment in the workplace.
  • State Under Review:

    Romania

    Romania
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    EU
    OIF
    Source Of Reference:

    Lebanon

    Lebanon
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Political group
    OIC
    AL
    OIF
    Issue:
    • Gender equality
    • Domestic violence
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    43rd Session, May 2023
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Ensure the implementation of the 2022–2027 National Strategy on promoting equal opportunities and treatment between women and men and the prevention of domestic violence.
  • State Under Review:

    Romania

    Romania
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    EU
    OIF
    Source Of Reference:

    Australia

    Australia
    Regional group
    WEOG
    Political group
    PIF
    Commonwealth
    Issue:
    • Intersex persons' rights
    • Discrimination based on sexual orientation
    • Discrimination based on gender identity
    • Violence on the basis of sexual orientation
    • Violence on the basis of gender identity
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    43rd Session, May 2023
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Provide systematic training for law enforcement to identify, investigate and prosecute hate crimes, to enhance cooperation between police and people in marginalised situations, especially Roma and LGBTI communities.
  • State Under Review:

    Romania

    Romania
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    EU
    OIF
    Source Of Reference:

    Germany

    Germany
    Regional group
    WEOG
    Political group
    EU
    Issue:
    • Violence against women / gender-based violence
    • Women's and / or girls' rights
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    43rd Session, May 2023
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Collect and publish disaggregated data at regular intervals on cases of all forms of violence and discrimination covered by the scope of the Istanbul Convention.
  • State Under Review:

    Romania

    Romania
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    EU
    OIF
    Source Of Reference:

    Italy

    Italy
    Regional group
    WEOG
    Political group
    EU
    Issue:
    • Sexual exploitation / slavery
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    15th session, February 2013
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    That further efforts be deployed to assure that the respect of fundamental rights of the child and the fight against ... sexual exploitation ...
    Implementation
    National Report:
    Para 78) The National Agency against Trafficking in Persons (NATIP) and its public and private institutional partners focused on prevention work and on improving the protection of the rights of children vulnerable to trafficking. In the period 2012-2016 the trafficking prevention activity aimed to cover a wide spectrum of phenomena (sexual exploitation, labour exploitation and begging), the element of unity and coherence being represented by focusing the message on the risks associated with trafficking.

    UN Compilation:
    Para 26) The Committee against Torture was concerned that Romania remained a country of origin, transit and destination for human trafficking, in particular for sexual and labour exploitation and forced begging.
    Para 53) CRC The was concerned at the general tolerance of different forms of violence against children; the limited capacity of the public system to identify, report and address cases of violence, abuse and neglect of children, as well as sexual exploitation and abuse in a cross-sectoral manner; …

    Stakeholder Summary:
    Para 38) JS1 noted an increase in incidents of sexual abuse against children and of sexual exploitation of children. Children had been increasingly at risk of being subject to online child sexual exploitation and child pornography. JS1 reported on legal amendments made to combat child sexual exploitation. Penalties had increased for sexual assault and rape for victims who were younger than 18 (previously 16) years old. The use of child prostitution was explicitly criminalised. The Penal Code was amended to introduce definition for child pornography. However, JS1 reported on a lack of specialised services and support for child victims of sexual exploitation.
  • State Under Review:

    Romania

    Romania
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    EU
    OIF
    Source Of Reference:

    Belgium

    Belgium
    Regional group
    WEOG
    Political group
    EU
    OIF
    Issue:
    • Sexual exploitation / slavery
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    15th session, February 2013
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Take measure to prevent trafficking in children and their sexual exploitation by establishing education programmes and developing support services for them.
    Implementation
    National Report:
    Para 78) The National Agency against Trafficking in Persons (NATIP) and its public and private institutional partners focused on prevention work and on improving the protection of the rights of children vulnerable to trafficking. In the period 2012-2016 the trafficking prevention activity aimed to cover a wide spectrum of phenomena (sexual exploitation, labour exploitation and begging), the element of unity and coherence being represented by focusing the message on the risks associated with trafficking.

    UN Compilation:
    Para 26) The Committee against Torture was concerned that Romania remained a country of origin, transit and destination for human trafficking, in particular for sexual and labour exploitation and forced begging.
    Para 53) CRC The was concerned at the general tolerance of different forms of violence against children; the limited capacity of the public system to identify, report and address cases of violence, abuse and neglect of children, as well as sexual exploitation and abuse in a cross-sectoral manner; …

    Stakeholder Summary:
    Para 38) JS1 noted an increase in incidents of sexual abuse against children and of sexual exploitation of children. Children had been increasingly at risk of being subject to online child sexual exploitation and child pornography. JS1 reported on legal amendments made to combat child sexual exploitation. Penalties had increased for sexual assault and rape for victims who were younger than 18 (previously 16) years old. The use of child prostitution was explicitly criminalised. The Penal Code was amended to introduce definition for child pornography. However, JS1 reported on a lack of specialised services and support for child victims of sexual exploitation.
  • State Under Review:

    Romania

    Romania
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    EU
    OIF
    Source Of Reference:

    Stakeholder Summary

    Issue:
    • Right to marry
    • Rights of same-sex desiring persons
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    15th session, February 2013
    Status:
    Neglected
    Contents:
    JS4 stated that the 2011 Civil Code introduced a restrictive definition of family - a man and a woman united by marriage - compared to the previous definition formulated in gender-neutral terms. It added that the Code prohibited same-sex marriage and did not recognize same-sex marriages and civil partnerships contracted abroad. [Para 33]
  • State Under Review:

    Romania

    Romania
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    EU
    OIF
    Source Of Reference:

    National Report

    Issue:
    • Domestic violence
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    2nd session, May 2008
    Status:
    N/A
    Contents:
    A set of specific measures that encourage the disclosure and facilitate the investigation of cases of domestic violence are also contemplated. [Para 98]
  • State Under Review:

    Romania

    Romania
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    EU
    OIF
    Source Of Reference:

    National Report

    Issue:
    • Gender equality
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    2nd session, May 2008
    Status:
    N/A
    Contents:
    The principle of equal payment for work of equal value is stipulated both in Constitution and the Labor Code. On equal work with men, women must get equal wages. The labor field is an important chapter of the law concerning the equal opportunities between women and men. The National Agency for Equal Opportunities between Women and Men (NAEO) adopted measures in order to eliminate the occupational segregation based on sex, both horizontally and vertically, as stated in the 2006-2009 National Strategy for equal opportunities between women and men. [Para 82]
  • State Under Review:

    Romania

    Romania
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    EU
    OIF
    Source Of Reference:

    Stakeholder Summary

    Issue:
    • Discrimination based on sexual orientation
    • Discrimination based on gender identity
    • Rights of same-sex desiring persons
    • Transgender persons' rights
    • Violence on the basis of sexual orientation
    • Violence on the basis of gender identity
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    2nd session, May 2008
    Status:
    Reference Addressed
    Contents:
    ... ACCEPT, IGLHRC & ILGA added that the Government should protect the right to work and take measures to combat discrimination- including on the basis of sexual orientation and gender identity and expression- against teachers and other individuals who work in the fields of education and health. ACCEPT, IGLHRC and ILGA also recommended that local and central Government officials undertake public education campaigns to combat prejudice underlying violence related to sexual orientation and gender identity and ensure that LGBT people can enjoy their rights in an environment that is not dominated by fear, violence and homophobia. [Para 12]
  • State Under Review:

    Romania

    Romania
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    EU
    OIF
    Source Of Reference:

    Angola

    Angola
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    Issue:
    • Gender equality
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    29th Session, January 2018
    Status:
    Unclear Response
    Contents:
    Adopt legal mechanism to promote gender equality and social inclusion for all.
    Explanation
    Noted. it considers that they have already been complied with. Since its EU integration, Romania transposed all six EU Directives and the European acquis in the field of gender equality. The principles of equal opportunities and equal treatment between women and men are transposed in the national legislation, institutional mechanism, public policies and are reflected at civil society level. Important concepts are regulated by the main legal act in the field, such as: direct and indirect discrimination based on sex, sexual and psychological harassment, equal pay for equal work, positive actions, multiple-discrimination, sex, gender stereotype, gender budgeting. The law also includes specific measures for implementing the gender perspective in the labour market, education, eliminating gender roles and encouraging equal participation of men and women in the decision making process. The National Agency for Equal Opportunities between Women and Men was established in 2015 with a role in implementing public policies and strategies; legislative initiatives; data collection; designing and implementing programs and awareness campaigns ; cooperating with central and local authorities and NGOs. Based on the above, Romania reaffirms its commitment to promote gender equality.
  • State Under Review:

    Romania

    Romania
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    EU
    OIF
    Source Of Reference:

    Mongolia

    Mongolia
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Issue:
    • Maternal health / morbidity / mortality
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    29th Session, January 2018
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Focus more on the improvement of health service quality with special attention to child and maternal mortality.
    Explanation
    Romania adds to its position that, since 2001, there were 15 interventions within the National Program for Women and Child Health and, in 2018, the Working Group for Women and Child Health is reinforced.
  • State Under Review:

    Romania

    Romania
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    EU
    OIF
    Source Of Reference:

    Chile

    Chile
    Regional group
    GRULAC
    Political group
    OAS
    OEI
    Issue:
    • Discrimination based on sexual orientation
    • Discrimination based on gender identity
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    29th Session, January 2018
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Continue working to eradicate all forms of stigmatisation or discrimination based on sexual orientation or gender identity.
  • State Under Review:

    Romania

    Romania
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    EU
    OIF
    Source Of Reference:

    Russian Federation

    Russian Federation
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    CIS
    Issue:
    • Sexual exploitation / slavery
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    29th Session, January 2018
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Take measures to identify and prevent the activities of criminal groups, using children in illegal businesses, including prostitution and pornography.

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