UPR Sexual Rights Database

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UN Member State that is reviewed on its human rights record as part of the UPR process.

Categories of the types of information used during reviews

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Source of Reference

Recommending State

UN Member State or Permanent Observer making sexual rights related recommendations, comments or asking questions to the State under Review.

Review Documentation

Sources of information used as the basis for a State’s review.  Includes the State’s National Report, UN Compilation Report and a Stakeholder Summary.

UN Regional Group to which State under Review belongs.

UN Regional Group to which Recommending State belongs.

This will only match recommendations where the Source of Review is a State.

Implementation notes

State responses to recommendations and issues raised in the UN Compilation and Stakeholder summary.

Displaying 42026 - 42050 of 58126 recommendations found
  • State Under Review:

    Republic of Korea

    Republic of Korea
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Source Of Reference:

    Belarus

    Belarus
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    CIS
    Issue:
    • International human rights instruments
    • Trafficking in women and / or girls
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    14th session, November 2012
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Take comprehensive measures in combatting trafficking in persons including by the accession to the Palermo Protocol and by extending an invitation to the Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially women and children.
    Implementation
    National Report:
    Para 55) The Government amended the Criminal Act to newly stipulate the crime of human trafficking in order to ratify the Protocol to Prevent, Suppress, and Punish Trafficking in Persons, Especially Women and Children, Supplementing the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime. The amended Criminal Act expanded the purpose of kidnapping and abduction, along with the previously stipulated purpose of “engaging in an indecent act, sexual intercourse or marriage, or for gain” and “transportation of a person out of the Republic of Korea”, to include the purpose of “labour exploitation, sex trafficking, or the acquisition of organs”. The consequentially aggravated crimes of human trafficking were also more specified into bodily injury and murder and death, in line with the principle of liability. A person who recruits, transfers, or delivers another with the intent to commit human trafficking has become principal rather than accessory under the amended Criminal Act, as such acts are defined as distinct acts of crimes. The provision of universal jurisdiction has been introduced so as to punish foreign nationals in the territory of the Republic of Korea, who have committed the same crime outside the Republic of Korea. The Government presented the bill for the consent of the ratification of the Protocol on Trafficking in Persons, which passed National Assembly in 2015 and the instrument of ratification was deposited with the United Nations. The Protocol took effect in Korea on 5 December 2015.

    UN Compilation:
    Para 57) The HR Committee noted with concern that, while the Republic of Korea was a source, transit and destination country for human trafficking, traffickers were rarely prosecuted and convicted. It was concerned ...that women entering the country on E-6 (culture and entertainment) visas were frequently trapped into prostitution, ... .

    Stakeholder Summary:
    Para 56) AI stated that the definition of human trafficking was not consistent with international law. JS2 reported that law enforcement officers often failed to identify victims of human trafficking and trafficking victims who were trafficked for labour and sexual exploitation could not receive a proper protection.
  • State Under Review:

    Republic of Korea

    Republic of Korea
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Source Of Reference:

    UN Compilation

    Issue:
    • Abortion
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    14th session, November 2012
    Status:
    Neglected
    Contents:
    CRC was concerned that the legislative prohibition on abortion, which provided for very narrowly defined exceptions, did not adequately take into account the best interests of pregnant adolescents and could give rise to situations which exacerbated the difficulties faced by them, including exposing them to the risks of unsafe illegal abortions and/or forced discontinuation of their studies and/or forced release of their children for adoption. [Para 47]
  • State Under Review:

    Republic of Korea

    Republic of Korea
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Source Of Reference:

    Stakeholder Summary

    Issue:
    • Gender equality
    • Domestic violence
    • Women's and / or girls' rights
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    14th session, November 2012
    Status:
    Neglected
    Contents:
    ... JS5 stated that the spouse reference system reinforced the inequality that existed between the Korean husband and migrant wife. APIL reported on the problem of statelessness faced by divorced women who were required to waive their nationality for marriage with a Korean man COLCGS reported on the problems faced by foreign spouses who suffered domestic abuse. JS5 recommended that the Government abolish the spouse reference system. [Para 39]
  • State Under Review:

    Republic of Korea

    Republic of Korea
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Source Of Reference:

    Mongolia

    Mongolia
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Issue:
    • International human rights instruments
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    42nd Session, January 2023
    Status:
    Unclear Response
    Contents:
    Ratify the OP-ICESCR.
    Explanation
    Noted. The Government is continuously reviewing the recommendations.
  • State Under Review:

    Republic of Korea

    Republic of Korea
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Source Of Reference:

    United States

    United States
    Regional group
    WEOG
    Political group
    OAS
    Issue:
    • Intersex persons' rights
    • Discrimination based on sexual orientation
    • Discrimination based on gender identity
    • Rights of same-sex desiring persons
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    42nd Session, January 2023
    Status:
    Partially Accepted
    Contents:
    Pass anti-discrimination legislation protecting members of marginalized communities, including LGBTQI+ persons, and provide legal recognition of same-sex marriage.
    Explanation
    Former part: The Government face difficulties in taking immediate actions in a short period of time. … Latter part: The Government does not plan to take immediate action since changes in the family institution, such as allowing same-sex marriage or adoption by same-sex couples, hold legal and social significance.

  • State Under Review:

    Republic of Korea

    Republic of Korea
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Source Of Reference:

    Peru

    Peru
    Regional group
    GRULAC
    Political group
    OAS
    OEI
    Issue:
    • Sexual exploitation / slavery
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    42nd Session, January 2023
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Consider adopting a general law to combat human trafficking with a focus on the protection of victims in order to more effectively address complaints of sexual exploitation of women, including sex workers and migrants in an irregular situation.
    Explanation
    See paragraph 11 of the Working Group Report. The Government strives to protect the human rights of victims of human trafficking. Regarding the former part of 139.91, if a foreigner is in the process of a court trial, an investigation by an investigative agency, or a remedy process in relation to domestic violence, sexual violence, child abuse, human trafficking, or exploitation, the person’s period of stay may be extended until the completion of such proceedings. Even after the extended period expires, a further extension is possible if deemed necessary to recover damage, etc.
  • State Under Review:

    Republic of Korea

    Republic of Korea
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Source Of Reference:

    Syria

    Syria
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Political group
    OIC
    AL
    Issue:
    • Violence against women / gender-based violence
    • Sexual violence
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    42nd Session, January 2023
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Take effective measures to combat sexual violence and harassment targeting women and girls.
  • State Under Review:

    Republic of Korea

    Republic of Korea
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Source Of Reference:

    Bulgaria

    Bulgaria
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    EU
    OIF
    Issue:
    • Gender equality
    • Empowerment of women
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    42nd Session, January 2023
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Ensure equal opportunities for women’s empowerment in increasing access to leadership positions in the public sphere and in private businesses, including in the areas of science and technology, research and innovation.
  • State Under Review:

    Republic of Korea

    Republic of Korea
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Source Of Reference:

    UN Compilation

    Issue:
    • Gender equality
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    42nd Session, January 2023
    Status:
    Not Followed up with a Recommendation
    Contents:
    CESCR recommended addressing the root causes of women’s career interruptions and their overrepresentation in part-time employment, due to care responsibilities. CRC recommended facilitating access to and use of paternal leave. [Para 39]
  • State Under Review:

    Republic of Korea

    Republic of Korea
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Source Of Reference:

    Stakeholder Summary

    Issue:
    • Criminal laws on same-sex sexual practices
    • Rights of same-sex desiring persons
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    42nd Session, January 2023
    Status:
    Reference Addressed
    Contents:
    JS6, JS8, AI and HRW recommended repealing Article 92(6) of the Act, which prohibited and punished consensual same-sex sexual conduct in the military. HRW recommended dropping all cases against soldiers charged for consensual same-sex activity. [Para 86]
  • State Under Review:

    Republic of Korea

    Republic of Korea
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Source Of Reference:

    Stakeholder Summary

    Issue:
    • Gender equality
    • Women's participation
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    42nd Session, January 2023
    Status:
    Reference Addressed
    Contents:
    JS2 recommended reducing gender inequality, including by increasing women’s participation in the judiciary and law enforcement, political and public life, and in the private sector, ending the gender pay gap and increasing equity in caregiving. [Para 65]
  • State Under Review:

    Republic of Korea

    Republic of Korea
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Source Of Reference:

    Colombia

    Colombia
    Regional group
    GRULAC
    Political group
    OAS
    OEI
    ACS
    Issue:
    • Discrimination based on sexual orientation
    • Discrimination based on gender identity
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    28th Session November 2017
    Status:
    Unclear Response
    Contents:
    Adopt general legislation to combat discrimination on any ground, particularly on the grounds of race, sexual orientation or gender identity, and strengthen the mechanisms to eliminate xenophobic speech against migrants and multi-cultural families.
    Explanation
    Noted. The Government has devoted considerable legislative efforts to prohibit discrimination through the Constitution and 90 other legislations. Meanwhile, considering the controversy over the prohibited grounds of discrimination, the enactment of the general anti-discrimination law, which provides general remedial procedure for the victims of discriminatory acts, requires considerable examination and opinion-gathering process to reach public consensus regarding the matter. Furthermore, imposing criminal punishment for discriminatory acts requires a careful review.
  • State Under Review:

    Republic of Korea

    Republic of Korea
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Source Of Reference:

    Costa Rica

    Costa Rica
    Regional group
    GRULAC
    Political group
    OAS
    OEI
    ACS
    Issue:
    • Criminal laws on same-sex sexual practices
    • Rights of same-sex desiring persons
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    28th Session November 2017
    Status:
    Unclear Response
    Contents:
    Repeal article 92-6 of the Military Criminal Code which criminalizes consensual sexual relations between people of the same sex in the army.
    Explanation
    Noted. Cases regarding whether or not the consensual same-sex activities is punishable under Article 92-6 of the Military Criminal Act and its constitutionality are pending with the ordinary court and the Constitutional Court, and the Government will conform to the final rulings of the judicial branch.
  • State Under Review:

    Republic of Korea

    Republic of Korea
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Source Of Reference:

    Costa Rica

    Costa Rica
    Regional group
    GRULAC
    Political group
    OAS
    OEI
    ACS
    Issue:
    • Gender equality
    • Women's participation
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    28th Session November 2017
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Establish a gender quota system to increase women representation in the National Assembly.
    Explanation
    A scheme to expand the ratio of female legislators has already been put in place. The Political Reform Special Committee of the National Assembly agreed on revising the Public Official Election Act to strengthen the effectiveness of the scheme which requires that a certain number of female candidates be recommended in the election of proportional representatives for the National Assembly.
  • State Under Review:

    Republic of Korea

    Republic of Korea
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Source Of Reference:

    Sri Lanka

    Sri Lanka
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Political group
    Commonwealth
    Issue:
    • Violence against women / gender-based violence
    • Domestic violence
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    28th Session November 2017
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Continue implementation of its Comprehensive Plan to Prevent Domestic Violence, including through awareness raising.
  • State Under Review:

    Republic of Korea

    Republic of Korea
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Source Of Reference:

    Algeria

    Algeria
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    AL
    Issue:
    • Sexual violence
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    28th Session November 2017
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Strengthen the institutional and legal framework to combat violence against children, in particular sexual violence.
  • State Under Review:

    Republic of Korea

    Republic of Korea
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Source Of Reference:

    Stakeholder Summary

    Issue:
    • Birth registration
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    28th Session November 2017
    Status:
    Reference Addressed
    Contents:
    CGNK encouraged the Government to establish a comprehensive birth registration system. [Para 23]
  • State Under Review:

    Republic of Korea

    Republic of Korea
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Source Of Reference:

    UN Compilation

    Issue:
    • Forced sterilization
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    28th Session November 2017
    Status:
    Reference Addressed
    Contents:
    [CRPD] was concerned about cases of forced sterilization of women with disabilities, despite legal provisions prohibiting the practice. It urged the authorities to eradicate the practice. [Para 63]
  • State Under Review:

    Republic of Korea

    Republic of Korea
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Source Of Reference:

    National Report

    Issue:
    • International human rights instruments
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    2nd session, May 2008
    Status:
    N/A
    Contents:
    The ROK signed the CRPD on March 30th 2007, and is seeking to achieve its early ratification. [Para 16]
  • State Under Review:

    Republic of Korea

    Republic of Korea
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Source Of Reference:

    Stakeholder Summary

    Issue:
    • Gender equality
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    2nd session, May 2008
    Status:
    Neglected
    Contents:
    ... The NHRCK recommended to proactively implement policies to change stereotypes of women ... [Para 9]
  • State Under Review:

    Romania

    Romania
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    EU
    OIF
    Source Of Reference:

    Philippines

    Philippines
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Political group
    ASEAN
    Issue:
    • Maternal health / morbidity / mortality
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    43rd Session, May 2023
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Take urgent and effective interventions to further reduce mother and child mortality and morbidity.
  • State Under Review:

    Romania

    Romania
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    EU
    OIF
    Source Of Reference:

    Mexico

    Mexico
    Regional group
    GRULAC
    Political group
    OAS
    OEI
    ACS
    Issue:
    • International human rights instruments
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    2nd session, May 2008
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    To ratify CRPD.
    Implementation
    National Report:
    Para 8) Also, by Law no. 221 of 11 November 2010, Romania ratified the Convention on the Rights of Persons of Disabilities, adopted in New York by the United Nations General Assembly on December 2006, opened for signiture on 30 March 2007 and signed by Romania on 26 September 2007.
  • State Under Review:

    Romania

    Romania
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    EU
    OIF
    Source Of Reference:

    Netherlands

    Netherlands
    Regional group
    WEOG
    Political group
    EU
    Issue:
    • Marginalized groups of women
    • Violence against women / gender-based violence
    • Domestic violence
    • Trafficking in women and / or girls
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    43rd Session, May 2023
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Ensure that violence against Roma women is an area of intervention of the National Strategy for Inclusion of Romanian Citizens Belonging to the Roma Minority, and that it includes specific measures of prevention and combating all forms of violence, including domestic violence and trafficking.
  • State Under Review:

    Romania

    Romania
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    EU
    OIF
    Source Of Reference:

    Slovenia

    Slovenia
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    EU
    Issue:
    • Gender perspective in the UPR process
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    2nd session, May 2008
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    To systematically and continuously integrate gender perspective in the follow up process to the review.
    Implementation
    National Report:
    Para 48) As concerns recommendations 3 and 11, during 2010-2011, NCCD has developed, in partnership with the Ministry of Administration and Interior, the project "Training for trainers on preventing and combating all forms of discrimination". The project aim was to inform, educate and raise awareness among police officers on social issues aimed by the actions of various groups vulnerable to discrimination. The Ministry of Administration and Interior has implemented this course as a model of good practice in all counties Police schools of the Ministry and, starting with 1st October 2011, the course "Preventing and combating all forms of discrimination" was introduced within the training programs for the personnel of the Ministry.

    Para 50) During 2010-2011, within the new Strategy in the field of Equal Opportunities between Women and Men for 2010-2012, reunions and meetings were organized, as well as debates on themes such as equal participation of women and men in the decision making process, eliminating gender stereotypes, the role of women in rural areas, the reduction of the gender pay gap. A various palette of participants, such as representatives of social partners, central public administration, NGO's and citizens, attended the events.
  • State Under Review:

    Romania

    Romania
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    EU
    OIF
    Source Of Reference:

    Greece

    Greece
    Regional group
    WEOG
    Political group
    EU
    OIF
    Issue:
    • Violence against women / gender-based violence
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    43rd Session, May 2023
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Uphold efforts to conduct awareness-raising campaigns, towards preventing and combating violence against women.

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