UPR Sexual Rights Database

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UN Member State that is reviewed on its human rights record as part of the UPR process.

Categories of the types of information used during reviews

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Source of Reference

Recommending State

UN Member State or Permanent Observer making sexual rights related recommendations, comments or asking questions to the State under Review.

Review Documentation

Sources of information used as the basis for a State’s review.  Includes the State’s National Report, UN Compilation Report and a Stakeholder Summary.

UN Regional Group to which State under Review belongs.

UN Regional Group to which Recommending State belongs.

This will only match recommendations where the Source of Review is a State.

Implementation notes

State responses to recommendations and issues raised in the UN Compilation and Stakeholder summary.

Displaying 41976 - 42000 of 58126 recommendations found
  • State Under Review:

    Republic of Korea

    Republic of Korea
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Source Of Reference:

    United States

    United States
    Regional group
    WEOG
    Political group
    OAS
    Issue:
    • Intersex persons' rights
    • Discrimination based on sexual orientation
    • Discrimination based on gender identity
    • Rights of same-sex desiring persons
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    42nd Session, January 2023
    Status:
    Partially Accepted
    Contents:
    Pass anti-discrimination legislation protecting members of marginalized communities, including LGBTQI+ persons, and provide legal recognition of same-sex marriage.
    Explanation
    Former part: The Government face difficulties in taking immediate actions in a short period of time. … Latter part: The Government does not plan to take immediate action since changes in the family institution, such as allowing same-sex marriage or adoption by same-sex couples, hold legal and social significance.

  • State Under Review:

    Republic of Korea

    Republic of Korea
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Source Of Reference:

    Denmark

    Denmark
    Regional group
    WEOG
    Political group
    EU
    Issue:
    • Criminal laws on same-sex sexual practices
    • Rights of same-sex desiring persons
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    28th Session November 2017
    Status:
    Unclear Response
    Contents:
    Repeal article 92(6) of the Military Criminal Act prohibiting and punishing consensual sexual activity between people of the same sex in the military.
    Explanation
    Noted. Cases regarding whether or not the consensual same-sex activities is punishable under Article 92-6 of the Military Criminal Act and its constitutionality are pending with the ordinary court and the Constitutional Court, and the Government will conform to the final rulings of the judicial branch.
  • State Under Review:

    Republic of Korea

    Republic of Korea
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Source Of Reference:

    Peru

    Peru
    Regional group
    GRULAC
    Political group
    OAS
    OEI
    Issue:
    • Sexual exploitation / slavery
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    42nd Session, January 2023
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Consider adopting a general law to combat human trafficking with a focus on the protection of victims in order to more effectively address complaints of sexual exploitation of women, including sex workers and migrants in an irregular situation.
    Explanation
    See paragraph 11 of the Working Group Report. The Government strives to protect the human rights of victims of human trafficking. Regarding the former part of 139.91, if a foreigner is in the process of a court trial, an investigation by an investigative agency, or a remedy process in relation to domestic violence, sexual violence, child abuse, human trafficking, or exploitation, the person’s period of stay may be extended until the completion of such proceedings. Even after the extended period expires, a further extension is possible if deemed necessary to recover damage, etc.
  • State Under Review:

    Republic of Korea

    Republic of Korea
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Source Of Reference:

    Bangladesh

    Bangladesh
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Political group
    OIC
    Commonwealth
    Issue:
    • Women's and / or girls' rights
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    28th Session November 2017
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Formulate a comprehensive anti-discrimination act that prohibits all forms of discrimination, including those based on race, gender, nationality, etc.
  • State Under Review:

    Republic of Korea

    Republic of Korea
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Source Of Reference:

    Syria

    Syria
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Political group
    OIC
    AL
    Issue:
    • Violence against women / gender-based violence
    • Sexual violence
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    42nd Session, January 2023
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Take effective measures to combat sexual violence and harassment targeting women and girls.
  • State Under Review:

    Republic of Korea

    Republic of Korea
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Source Of Reference:

    Azerbaijan

    Azerbaijan
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    OIC
    CIS
    Issue:
    • Gender equality
    • Violence against women / gender-based violence
    • Domestic violence
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    28th Session November 2017
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Continue efforts to eliminate domestic violence through implementation of its Framework Act on Gender Equality.
  • State Under Review:

    Republic of Korea

    Republic of Korea
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Source Of Reference:

    Bulgaria

    Bulgaria
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    EU
    OIF
    Issue:
    • Gender equality
    • Empowerment of women
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    42nd Session, January 2023
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Ensure equal opportunities for women’s empowerment in increasing access to leadership positions in the public sphere and in private businesses, including in the areas of science and technology, research and innovation.
  • State Under Review:

    Republic of Korea

    Republic of Korea
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Source Of Reference:

    United Kingdom

    United Kingdom
    Regional group
    WEOG
    Political group
    EU
    Commonwealth
    Issue:
    • Sexual harassment
    Type:
    Question
    Session:
    28th Session November 2017
    Status:
    Not Followed up with a Recommendation
    Contents:
    What measures has the government of the ROK taken to ... address incidents of sexual harassment in the workplace?
  • State Under Review:

    Republic of Korea

    Republic of Korea
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Source Of Reference:

    UN Compilation

    Issue:
    • Gender equality
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    42nd Session, January 2023
    Status:
    Not Followed up with a Recommendation
    Contents:
    CESCR recommended addressing the root causes of women’s career interruptions and their overrepresentation in part-time employment, due to care responsibilities. CRC recommended facilitating access to and use of paternal leave. [Para 39]
  • State Under Review:

    Republic of Korea

    Republic of Korea
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Source Of Reference:

    Stakeholder Summary

    Issue:
    • HIV and AIDS
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    28th Session November 2017
    Status:
    Reference Addressed
    Contents:
    HRW stated that foreigners who wanted to apply for a visa for an extended stay in the country were required to prove that they were HIV negative. It recommended eliminating all aspects of discriminatory travel restrictions against persons with HIV/AIDS. [Para 26]
  • State Under Review:

    Republic of Korea

    Republic of Korea
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Source Of Reference:

    Stakeholder Summary

    Issue:
    • Criminal laws on same-sex sexual practices
    • Rights of same-sex desiring persons
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    42nd Session, January 2023
    Status:
    Reference Addressed
    Contents:
    JS6, JS8, AI and HRW recommended repealing Article 92(6) of the Act, which prohibited and punished consensual same-sex sexual conduct in the military. HRW recommended dropping all cases against soldiers charged for consensual same-sex activity. [Para 86]
  • State Under Review:

    Republic of Korea

    Republic of Korea
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Source Of Reference:

    Moldova

    Moldova
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    CIS
    OIF
    Issue:
    • Gender equality
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    14th session, November 2012
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Further ensure effective gender equality into government policies.
    Implementation
    National Report:
    Para 16) The Government shifted the paradigm of policy on women to gender mainstreaming, aiming at achieving gender equality by more effective use of the policies that had been in place, including Gender Impact Analysis and Assessment, Gender Budget and Gender Statistics. The Committee on Gender Equality has been tasked with duties including coordination, cooperation, and execution of policies on gender equality by central government and local government. A new obligation on the ODA to make efforts to encourage equal participation of both genders and to develop measures to ensure gender equality in the programs was introduced.
    Para 42) To ensure non-discrimination against women and achieve gender equality, the Government wholly revised the Framework Act on Women’s Development into the Framework Act on Gender Equality. The paradigm of the policies on women shifted from women’s development to the actual gender equality. All Government agencies are now responsible for taking up measures for gender mainstreaming in the course of performing their duties. The revised Act newly stipulates provisions concerning the Gender Impact Analysis and Assessment, Gender Budgeting, Gender Statistics, Education on Gender Sensitivity, and developing and announcing the Gender Equality Index. The national gender equality index is composed of eight categories and 23 indices, including economic activity, decision making, education and career training, welfare, health care, safety, family, and culture and information.


  • State Under Review:

    Republic of Korea

    Republic of Korea
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Source Of Reference:

    Outcome Report

    Issue:
    • HIV and AIDS
    Type:
    Statement by State under Review
    Session:
    28th Session November 2017
    Status:
    N/A
    Contents:
    In 2017, the Government had repealed mandatory HIV/AIDS testing of foreign English teachers in
    Korea.
  • State Under Review:

    Republic of Korea

    Republic of Korea
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Source Of Reference:

    Stakeholder Summary

    Issue:
    • Gender equality
    • Women's participation
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    42nd Session, January 2023
    Status:
    Reference Addressed
    Contents:
    JS2 recommended reducing gender inequality, including by increasing women’s participation in the judiciary and law enforcement, political and public life, and in the private sector, ending the gender pay gap and increasing equity in caregiving. [Para 65]
  • State Under Review:

    Republic of Korea

    Republic of Korea
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Source Of Reference:

    Spain

    Spain
    Regional group
    WEOG
    Political group
    EU
    OEI
    Issue:
    • Marginalized groups of women
    • Gender equality
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    14th session, November 2012
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Fight against all forms of discrimination and abuse of migrant workers, particularly women.
    Implementation
    National Report:
    Para 59) The Government provides services to migrant women who are victims of domestic violence through the Emergency Support Centre for Migrant Women, founded in 2006. Since 2014, the services became available in 13 different languages. Since April 2014, through the Danuri Helpline, the Government provides a one-stop emergency counselling service on life in Korea and domestic violence report. The Shelter for Migrant Women provides safe protection to migrant women who are victims of domestic violence and their accompanying children and provides assistance for counselling, medical treatment, legal advice, and departure. The average number of persons protected at the centre increased from 17 in 2008 to 271 in 2016. Furthermore, special provisions are written into the Immigrant Act to permit extension of a migrant’s stay in the ROK if the person is a victim of domestic violence, sexual violence, human trafficking, or other forms of violence committed in the country and is in the process of seeking a trial, an investigation by an investigative agency, or other medical procedures, so as to enable the victims to resort to judicial proceedings with confidence.

    UN Compilation:
    Para 55) ... The Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination noted that migrant women who were subject to domestic and/or sexual violence often did not report such crimes due to fear of losing their legal resident status.

    Stakeholder Summary:
    Para 12) Female migrants holding E-6 visas (arts and entertainment) were reportedly facing high risk of being exposed to sexual exploitation.
    Para 77) ... JS2 stated that female migrant workers frequently suffered from sexual harassment and violence.
  • State Under Review:

    Republic of Korea

    Republic of Korea
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Source Of Reference:

    United Kingdom

    United Kingdom
    Regional group
    WEOG
    Political group
    EU
    Commonwealth
    Issue:
    • International human rights instruments
    • Trafficking in women and / or girls
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    14th session, November 2012
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Ratify the Palermo Protocol.
    Implementation
    National Report:
    Para 55) The Government amended the Criminal Act to newly stipulate the crime of human trafficking in order to ratify the Protocol to Prevent, Suppress, and Punish Trafficking in Persons, Especially Women and Children, Supplementing the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime. The amended Criminal Act expanded the purpose of kidnapping and abduction, along with the previously stipulated purpose of “engaging in an indecent act, sexual intercourse or marriage, or for gain” and “transportation of a person out of the Republic of Korea”, to include the purpose of “labour exploitation, sex trafficking, or the acquisition of organs”. The consequentially aggravated crimes of human trafficking were also more specified into bodily injury and murder and death, in line with the principle of liability. A person who recruits, transfers, or delivers another with the intent to commit human trafficking has become principal rather than accessory under the amended Criminal Act, as such acts are defined as distinct acts of crimes. The provision of universal jurisdiction has been introduced so as to punish foreign nationals in the territory of the Republic of Korea, who have committed the same crime outside the Republic of Korea. The Government presented the bill for the consent of the ratification of the Protocol on Trafficking in Persons, which passed National Assembly in 2015 and the instrument of ratification was deposited with the United Nations. The Protocol took effect in Korea on 5 December 2015.
  • State Under Review:

    Republic of Korea

    Republic of Korea
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Source Of Reference:

    UN Compilation

    Issue:
    • Sexual harassment
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    14th session, November 2012
    Status:
    Reference Addressed
    Contents:
    ... CESCR strongly recommended the adoption and implementation of legislation that criminalizes sexual harassment in the workplace, and the setting up of mechanisms to monitor such implementation. [Para 38]
  • State Under Review:

    Republic of Korea

    Republic of Korea
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Source Of Reference:

    Peru

    Peru
    Regional group
    GRULAC
    Political group
    OAS
    OEI
    Issue:
    • International human rights instruments
    • Trafficking in women and / or girls
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    2nd session, May 2008
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    To ratify the Palermo Protocol.
    Implementation
    National Report:
    Para 76) ... It is currently seeking to amend the relevant legislations on the premise that it will ratify the UN Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking annexed to the Convention against Transnational Organized Crime ...
  • State Under Review:

    Republic of Korea

    Republic of Korea
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Source Of Reference:

    Stakeholder Summary

    Issue:
    • Birth registration
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    14th session, November 2012
    Status:
    Neglected
    Contents:
    KFPN observed that children faced discrimination when their mothers are unmarried and recommended that births should be registered done in a way that does not permanently stigmatize them. [Para 37]
  • State Under Review:

    Republic of Korea

    Republic of Korea
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Source Of Reference:

    National Report

    Issue:
    • Women's participation
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    2nd session, May 2008
    Status:
    N/A
    Contents:
    The participation of women in policy-making processes has been increased with the introduction of the Equal Employment Initiative for Women as well as the amendment of the Act on Elections for Public Officers which calls for at least 50 per cent of the political parties' candidates for proportional representation in the National Assembly to be women. Social activities of women have increased as well in the labor market with the establishment of the Basic Plan on Gender Equality in Employment, the establishment of the Comprehensive Human Resources Development Plan for Women and the enactment of the Act for the Creation of a Family-Friendly Social Environment. [Para 73]
  • State Under Review:

    Republic of Korea

    Republic of Korea
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Source Of Reference:

    Outcome Report

    Issue:
    • Sexuality education
    • Contraception
    • Abortion
    • Intersex persons' rights
    • Gender equality
    • Women's and / or girls' rights
    • Rights of same-sex desiring persons
    • Transgender persons' rights
    Type:
    Comment
    Session:
    28th Session November 2017
    Status:
    N/A
    Contents:
    Human Rights Watch noted that the outcome of the universal periodic review of the Republic of Korea reflected recommendations to protect ... the rights of vulnerable workers, women, foreigners, children, older persons and persons with disabilities. It urged the Government to implement the supported recommendations. It noted with concern that the Government noted 97 recommendations, which included recommendations to ... decriminalise ... abortion, protect the rights of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and intersex persons and to repeal article 92-6 of the Military Criminal Code. Human Rights Watch was concerned that a plan on gender equality and national standards on sex education did not include sexual minorities or instruction on methods of contraception.
  • State Under Review:

    Republic of Korea

    Republic of Korea
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Source Of Reference:

    Stakeholder Summary

    Issue:
    • Women's and / or girls' rights
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    2nd session, May 2008
    Status:
    Neglected
    Contents:
    Civil law needs to be amended to guarantee women's equal property rights during marriage and at its dissolution. Among Korean couples, 76.2% register their homes in the husband's name, and when couples file a divorce, only 20 to 40% of the wives receive some assets. [Para 22]
  • State Under Review:

    Republic of Korea

    Republic of Korea
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Source Of Reference:

    Germany

    Germany
    Regional group
    WEOG
    Political group
    EU
    Issue:
    • Discrimination based on sexual orientation
    • Discrimination based on gender identity
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    42nd Session, January 2023
    Status:
    Unclear Response
    Contents:
    Adopt and implement comprehensive anti-discrimination legislation, which prohibits any discrimination, notably based on sexual orientation and gender identity.
    Explanation
    Noted. The Government face difficulties in taking immediate actions in a short period of time.
  • State Under Review:

    Republic of Korea

    Republic of Korea
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Source Of Reference:

    Honduras

    Honduras
    Regional group
    GRULAC
    Political group
    OAS
    OEI
    ACS
    Issue:
    • Discrimination based on sexual orientation
    • Discrimination based on gender identity
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    28th Session November 2017
    Status:
    Unclear Response
    Contents:
    Approve general legislation to combat discrimination, which expressly covers all spheres of life and prohibits discrimination on any ground, particular on grounds of race, sexual orientation and gender identity.
    Explanation
    Noted. The Government has devoted considerable legislative efforts to prohibit discrimination through the Constitution and 90 other legislations. Meanwhile, considering the controversy over the prohibited grounds of discrimination, the enactment of the general anti-discrimination law, which provides general remedial procedure for the victims of discriminatory acts, requires considerable examination and opinion-gathering process to reach public consensus regarding the matter. Furthermore, imposing criminal punishment for discriminatory acts requires a careful review.
  • State Under Review:

    Republic of Korea

    Republic of Korea
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Source Of Reference:

    Canada

    Canada
    Regional group
    WEOG
    Political group
    OAS
    OIF
    Commonwealth
    Issue:
    • Discrimination based on sexual orientation
    • Discrimination based on gender identity
    • Criminal laws on same-sex sexual practices
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    42nd Session, January 2023
    Status:
    Unclear Response
    Contents:
    Adopt an anti-discrimination law prohibiting all forms of discrimination, including on the basis of sexual orientation and gender identity; and abolish Article 92-6 of the Military Criminal Act, which criminalizes consensual same-sex relations.

    Explanation
    Noted. Former part: The Government face difficulties in taking immediate actions in a short period of time. … Latter part: Article 92-6 of the Military Criminal Act does not uniformly penalize same-sex sexual relations, and is applied only in cases of direct and specific violation of military discipline and healthy community life.

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