UPR Sexual Rights Database

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UN Member State that is reviewed on its human rights record as part of the UPR process.

Categories of the types of information used during reviews

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Source of Reference

Recommending State

UN Member State or Permanent Observer making sexual rights related recommendations, comments or asking questions to the State under Review.

Review Documentation

Sources of information used as the basis for a State’s review.  Includes the State’s National Report, UN Compilation Report and a Stakeholder Summary.

UN Regional Group to which State under Review belongs.

UN Regional Group to which Recommending State belongs.

This will only match recommendations where the Source of Review is a State.

Implementation notes

State responses to recommendations and issues raised in the UN Compilation and Stakeholder summary.

Displaying 41901 - 41925 of 58126 recommendations found
  • State Under Review:

    Republic of Korea

    Republic of Korea
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Source Of Reference:

    Malaysia

    Malaysia
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Political group
    ASEAN
    OIC
    Commonwealth
    Issue:
    • Trafficking in women and / or girls
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    14th session, November 2012
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Step up its efforts to address the issue of trafficking of women and children.
    Implementation
    National Report:
    Para 55) The Government amended the Criminal Act to newly stipulate the crime of human trafficking in order to ratify the Protocol to Prevent, Suppress, and Punish Trafficking in Persons, Especially Women and Children, Supplementing the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime. The amended Criminal Act expanded the purpose of kidnapping and abduction, along with the previously stipulated purpose of “engaging in an indecent act, sexual intercourse or marriage, or for gain” and “transportation of a person out of the Republic of Korea”, to include the purpose of “labour exploitation, sex trafficking, or the acquisition of organs”. The consequentially aggravated crimes of human trafficking were also more specified into bodily injury and murder and death, in line with the principle of liability. A person who recruits, transfers, or delivers another with the intent to commit human trafficking has become principal rather than accessory under the amended Criminal Act, as such acts are defined as distinct acts of crimes. The provision of universal jurisdiction has been introduced so as to punish foreign nationals in the territory of the Republic of Korea, who have committed the same crime outside the Republic of Korea. The Government presented the bill for the consent of the ratification of the Protocol on Trafficking in Persons, which passed National Assembly in 2015 and the instrument of ratification was deposited with the United Nations. The Protocol took effect in Korea on 5 December 2015.

    UN Compilation:
    Para 57) The HR Committee noted with concern that, while the Republic of Korea was a source, transit and destination country for human trafficking, traffickers were rarely prosecuted and convicted. It was concerned ...that women entering the country on E-6 (culture and entertainment) visas were frequently trapped into prostitution, ... .

    Stakeholder Summary:
    Para 56) AI stated that the definition of human trafficking was not consistent with international law. JS2 reported that law enforcement officers often failed to identify victims of human trafficking and trafficking victims who were trafficked for labour and sexual exploitation could not receive a proper protection.
  • State Under Review:

    Republic of Korea

    Republic of Korea
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Source Of Reference:

    National Report

    Issue:
    • Gender perspective in policies, programmes
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    14th session, November 2012
    Status:
    N/A
    Contents:
    The Gender Impact Assessment and Analysis Act was enacted in September 2011 and brought into effect in March 2012. Previously, central administrative bodies and local governments conducted gender impact assessment and analysis on a voluntary basis for a limited range of government projects in accordance with the Fundamental Act on Development of Women. The Gender Impact Assessment and Analysis Act stipulates that gender impact assessment and analysis shall be applied to all legislations as well as major plans and projects. Then, the results of assessment and analysis must be incorporated into policy and budget planning. With regard to sectors especially vulnerable to gender equality which affect daily lives of people, a special gender impact assessment and analysis is to be done with a view to facilitating policy improvements. [Para 23]
  • State Under Review:

    Republic of Korea

    Republic of Korea
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Source Of Reference:

    UN Compilation

    Issue:
    • Marital rape
    • Violence against women / gender-based violence
    • Domestic violence
    • Sexual violence
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    14th session, November 2012
    Status:
    Reference Addressed
    Contents:
    ... CEDAW reiterated its regret that marital rape is not criminalized in legislation but only in case law. [Para 18]
  • State Under Review:

    Republic of Korea

    Republic of Korea
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Source Of Reference:

    Stakeholder Summary

    Issue:
    • Sexual violence
    • Domestic violence
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    14th session, November 2012
    Status:
    Reference Addressed
    Contents:
    Domestic violence or sexual assaults tend to be considered personal affairs and are not openly discussed. There is a need to ... hire more female investigators ... [Para 17]
  • State Under Review:

    Republic of Korea

    Republic of Korea
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Source Of Reference:

    Slovenia

    Slovenia
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    EU
    Issue:
    • Gender equality
    Type:
    Question
    Session:
    14th session, November 2012
    Status:
    Not Followed up with a Recommendation
    Contents:
    How does the government plan to eliminate stereotypes regarding the roles and responsibilities of women and men in the family and in society?
  • State Under Review:

    Republic of Korea

    Republic of Korea
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Source Of Reference:

    Stakeholder Summary

    Issue:
    • Domestic violence
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    2nd session, May 2008
    Status:
    Neglected
    Contents:
    Relevant authorities must put more efforts on a campaign to raise awareness that domestic violence is a crime; on appropriate injunction based on judging the danger the harmer (perpetrator) puts on the victim; and on guaranteeing the security of the victim. [Para 15]
  • State Under Review:

    Republic of Korea

    Republic of Korea
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Source Of Reference:

    France

    France
    Regional group
    WEOG
    Political group
    EU
    OIF
    Issue:
    • Discrimination based on sexual orientation
    • Discrimination based on gender identity
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    42nd Session, January 2023
    Status:
    Unclear Response
    Contents:
    Continue to strengthen the fight against all forms of discrimination, including those based on sexual orientation and gender identity.
    Explanation
    Noted. The Government face difficulties in taking immediate actions in a short period of time.
  • State Under Review:

    Republic of Korea

    Republic of Korea
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Source Of Reference:

    New Zealand

    New Zealand
    Regional group
    WEOG
    Political group
    PIF
    Commonwealth
    Issue:
    • Rights of same-sex desiring persons
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    42nd Session, January 2023
    Status:
    Unclear Response
    Contents:
    Legalize same-sex marriage and ensure that same-sex couples are recognised as having the same rights and responsibilities as opposite-sex couples in de facto relationships.
    Explanation
    Noted. The Government does not plan to take immediate action since changes in the family institution, such as allowing same-sex marriage or adoption by same-sex couples, hold legal and social significance.


  • State Under Review:

    Republic of Korea

    Republic of Korea
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Source Of Reference:

    Iran

    Iran
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Political group
    OIC
    Issue:
    • Women's and / or girls' rights
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    42nd Session, January 2023
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Address the discrimination against women in political domains.
    Explanation
    Already implemented.



  • State Under Review:

    Republic of Korea

    Republic of Korea
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Source Of Reference:

    France

    France
    Regional group
    WEOG
    Political group
    EU
    OIF
    Issue:
    • Abortion
    • International human rights instruments
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    42nd Session, January 2023
    Status:
    Partially Accepted
    Contents:
    Continue to strengthen access to voluntary termination of pregnancy and consider ratifying the Council of Europe Convention on preventing and combating violence against women and domestic violence.
    Explanation
    The latter part is noted. … Former part: An amendment bill setting out detailed procedures on artificial abortion and providing basis for social and psychological counseling in the Maternal and Child Health Act has been submitted.
  • State Under Review:

    Republic of Korea

    Republic of Korea
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Source Of Reference:

    Malaysia

    Malaysia
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Political group
    ASEAN
    OIC
    Commonwealth
    Issue:
    • Gender equality
    • Women's and / or girls' rights
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    42nd Session, January 2023
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Promote gender equality by eliminating the drivers of discrimination against women and increasing women’s participation in the public and private sectors.
  • State Under Review:

    Republic of Korea

    Republic of Korea
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Source Of Reference:

    India

    India
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Political group
    Commonwealth
    Issue:
    • Abortion
    • Sexual and / or reproductive rights and / or health broadly
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    42nd Session, January 2023
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Consider expediting amendment of the Criminal Act to decriminalize abortion and ensuring access to safe reproductive health services for women, including safe and legal abortion.
  • State Under Review:

    Republic of Korea

    Republic of Korea
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Source Of Reference:

    Stakeholder Summary

    Issue:
    • Intersex persons' rights
    • Discrimination based on sexual orientation
    • Discrimination based on gender identity
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    42nd Session, January 2023
    Status:
    Not Followed up with a Recommendation
    Contents:
    JS6 recommended ensuring that LGBTI youth are free from discrimination and bullying in schools. [Para 57]
  • State Under Review:

    Republic of Korea

    Republic of Korea
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Source Of Reference:

    Stakeholder Summary

    Issue:
    • Intersex persons' rights
    • Discrimination based on sexual orientation
    • Discrimination based on gender identity
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    42nd Session, January 2023
    Status:
    Reference Addressed
    Contents:
    AI recommended enacting comprehensive anti-discrimination legislation prohibiting discrimination based on, among others, sexual orientation, gender identity, expression and sex characteristics. [Para 23]
  • State Under Review:

    Republic of Korea

    Republic of Korea
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Source Of Reference:

    UN Compilation

    Issue:
    • Sexual exploitation / slavery
    • Trafficking in women and / or girls
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    42nd Session, January 2023
    Status:
    Reference Addressed
    Contents:
    CEDAW recommended adopting an approach centred on victims and human rights in efforts to combat trafficking and the exploitation of prostitution with regard to women and girls. [Para 30]
  • State Under Review:

    Republic of Korea

    Republic of Korea
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Source Of Reference:

    France

    France
    Regional group
    WEOG
    Political group
    EU
    OIF
    Issue:
    • Discrimination based on sexual orientation
    • Discrimination based on gender identity
    • Rights of same-sex desiring persons
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    28th Session November 2017
    Status:
    Unclear Response
    Contents:
    Adopt a general antidiscrimination law, which includes prohibition of discrimination on the basis of gender identity and sexual orientation, to ensure the protection of the rights of LGBTI persons, repeal the provision of the Military Penal Code, which prohibits and punishes same-sex consensual sexual relations in the army, increase public awareness on the need to respect gender identity and sexual orientation of every individual.
    Explanation
    Noted. The Government has devoted considerable legislative efforts to prohibit discrimination through the Constitution and 90 other legislations. Meanwhile, considering the controversy over the prohibited grounds of discrimination, the enactment of the general anti-discrimination law, which provides general remedial procedure for the victims of discriminatory acts, requires considerable examination and opinion-gathering process to reach public consensus regarding the matter. Furthermore, imposing criminal punishment for discriminatory acts requires a careful review.
  • State Under Review:

    Republic of Korea

    Republic of Korea
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Source Of Reference:

    Netherlands

    Netherlands
    Regional group
    WEOG
    Political group
    EU
    Issue:
    • Abortion
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    28th Session November 2017
    Status:
    Unclear Response
    Contents:
    Remove all penalties for women who seek abortion, and for doctors and other medical personnel involved in providing these services.
    Explanation
    Noted. Whether to abolish the crime of abortion or to extend the list of circumstances where abortion is permitted is a matter of significant importance as it is associated with the right of an unborn baby to its life as well as the right of a pregnant woman to her life, body and self-determination. This will be decided by taking into account the Constitutional Court’s decision on the pending case of the constitutionality of the crime of abortion, legislative examples of other countries, and opinions of all corners of society.
  • State Under Review:

    Republic of Korea

    Republic of Korea
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Source Of Reference:

    Laos

    Laos
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Political group
    ASEAN
    OIF
    Issue:
    • Gender equality
    • Women's and / or girls' rights
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    28th Session November 2017
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Continue to develop measures to ensure non-discrimination against women and promote gender equality.
  • State Under Review:

    Republic of Korea

    Republic of Korea
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Source Of Reference:

    Thailand

    Thailand
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Political group
    ASEAN
    Issue:
    • Sexual exploitation / slavery
    • Trafficking in women and / or girls
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    28th Session November 2017
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Further take measures to combat trafficking in persons, particularly women and children, and sexual exploitation, by ensuring effective enforcement of the Criminal Act and providing victims with necessary assistance and protection throughout the process of investigation and trial.
  • State Under Review:

    Republic of Korea

    Republic of Korea
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Source Of Reference:

    UN Compilation

    Issue:
    • Sexual exploitation / slavery
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    28th Session November 2017
    Status:
    Neglected
    Contents:
    Several United Nations independent experts raised concerns at the agreement on the issue of “comfort women” (thousands of girls and women from several Asian countries, abducted and forced into sexual slavery prior to and during the Second World War) concluded between the Republic of Korea and the neighbouring country in December 2015. The independent experts drew attention to the fact that the agreement did not meet standards of State accountability for gross human rights violations and had been reached without a proper consultation process. They considered that the agreement fell short of meeting the demands of survivors. The Committee against Torture was concerned that the agreement failed to provide redress and reparation or to ensure the right to truth and assurances of non-repetition. [Para 42]
  • State Under Review:

    Republic of Korea

    Republic of Korea
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Source Of Reference:

    Stakeholder Summary

    Issue:
    • Violence against women / gender-based violence
    • Domestic violence
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    28th Session November 2017
    Status:
    Reference Addressed
    Contents:
    JS1 stated that … The Government should amend the legislation, which did not ensure punishment of domestic violence perpetrators, and improve the victim support system. [Para 38]
  • State Under Review:

    Republic of Korea

    Republic of Korea
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Source Of Reference:

    National Report

    Issue:
    • Gender perspective in policies, programmes
    • Women's participation
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    2nd session, May 2008
    Status:
    N/A
    Contents:
    Furthermore, in order to incorporate gender perspectives into government polices, a gender impact analysis system was introduced (2003) and applied (2004), and a gender budget analysis system was established (2006). Efforts to raise the participation of women in policy-making process resulted in an increase in the ratio of women in high-level positions; women lawmakers 5.9 per cent (2002) ->14.1 per cent (2007); women in government advisory committees 30.1 per cent (2002) ->33.7 per cent (2006); high-level female public officers 5.5 per cent (2002) ->9.6 per cent (2006); and female professors at national or public universities 9.1 per cent (2002) ->10.97 per cent (2006). [Para 35]
  • State Under Review:

    Republic of Korea

    Republic of Korea
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Source Of Reference:

    Canada

    Canada
    Regional group
    WEOG
    Political group
    OAS
    OIF
    Commonwealth
    Issue:
    • Women's and / or girls' rights
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    2nd session, May 2008
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    To place special emphasis on women and children when formulating policies to protect the rights of migrant workers.
  • State Under Review:

    Republic of Korea

    Republic of Korea
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Source Of Reference:

    Slovakia

    Slovakia
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    EU
    Issue:
    • International human rights instruments
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    14th session, November 2012
    Status:
    Unclear Response
    Contents:
    Consider an early ratification of the OP-CRC-IC.
    Explanation
    The Government is currently reviewing the need for ratification and the following effects at the national level.
  • State Under Review:

    Republic of Korea

    Republic of Korea
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Source Of Reference:

    Germany

    Germany
    Regional group
    WEOG
    Political group
    EU
    Issue:
    • Gender equality
    • Women's and / or girls' rights
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    14th session, November 2012
    Status:
    Unclear Response
    Contents:
    Establish a governmental authority to support and advise single mothers and their children.
    Implementation
    National Report:
    Para 43) To tackle prejudice and discrimination against single-parent families, schools at all levels provide education on single-parent families and educate relevant officials on building up expertise on the matter. Furthermore, the Single-Parent Family Support Act was amended in 2016, which sets forth the principle of non-discrimination against children from single-parent families, when caring and educating children. The Government organizes the awareness campaign on single-parent families, while supporting teen fathers and teen mothers by means of additional child support subsidies, education subsidies to prevent academic suspension, and subsidies to support their financial independence. The Government also legislated the Act on Enforcing and Supporting Child Support Payment in 2014 to enable single parents with minor children to receive child support from noncustodial parents. The Child Support Agency was established in 2015 to offer a one-stop service covering consultations, negotiations, litigation and collection, and follow-up management.

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