UPR Sexual Rights Database

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UN Member State that is reviewed on its human rights record as part of the UPR process.

Categories of the types of information used during reviews

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Source of Reference

Recommending State

UN Member State or Permanent Observer making sexual rights related recommendations, comments or asking questions to the State under Review.

Review Documentation

Sources of information used as the basis for a State’s review.  Includes the State’s National Report, UN Compilation Report and a Stakeholder Summary.

UN Regional Group to which State under Review belongs.

UN Regional Group to which Recommending State belongs.

This will only match recommendations where the Source of Review is a State.

Implementation notes

State responses to recommendations and issues raised in the UN Compilation and Stakeholder summary.

Displaying 476 - 500 of 58160 recommendations found
  • State Under Review:

    Albania

    Albania
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    OIC
    OIF
    Source Of Reference:

    Austria

    Austria
    Regional group
    WEOG
    Political group
    EU
    Issue:
    • Gender equality
    • Domestic violence
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    33rd Session, May 2019
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Improve institutional mechanisms for the protection of victims of domestic violence and fully implement, without further delay, the provisions of the national action plan on gender equality and domestic violence.
  • State Under Review:

    Albania

    Albania
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    OIC
    OIF
    Source Of Reference:

    Moldova

    Moldova
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    CIS
    OIF
    Issue:
    • Violence against women / gender-based violence
    • Training for state personnel on sexual rights issues
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    33rd Session, May 2019
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Provide ongoing trainings for police, judges, health professionals, victim support services, and other professional institutions dealing with victims of gender based and domestic violence.
  • State Under Review:

    Albania

    Albania
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    OIC
    OIF
    Source Of Reference:

    Poland

    Poland
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    EU
    Issue:
    • Sexual exploitation / slavery
    Type:
    Question
    Session:
    6th session, December 2009
    Status:
    Not Followed up with a Recommendation
    Contents:
    Enquired about the measures taken and being envisaged to implement the recommendations of the Special Rapporteur on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography in 2005.
  • State Under Review:

    Albania

    Albania
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    OIC
    OIF
    Source Of Reference:

    Russian Federation

    Russian Federation
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    CIS
    Issue:
    • Early marriage
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    33rd Session, May 2019
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Introduce legislative ban on early child marriages and hold accountable those violating such ban.
  • State Under Review:

    Albania

    Albania
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    OIC
    OIF
    Source Of Reference:

    UN Compilation

    Issue:
    • Violence against women / gender-based violence
    • Sexual violence
    • Domestic violence
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    33rd Session, May 2019
    Status:
    Not Followed up with a Recommendation
    Contents:
    The United Nations country team … recommended that the legal framework be brought into full compliance with the Council of Europe Convention on Preventing and Combating Violence against Women and Domestic Violence (Istanbul Convention), including by revising the definition of rape and ensuring protection and prevention measures for victims of all forms of sexual violence ... [Para 30]
  • State Under Review:

    Albania

    Albania
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    OIC
    OIF
    Source Of Reference:

    Stakeholder Summary

    Issue:
    • Domestic violence
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    33rd Session, May 2019
    Status:
    Not Followed up with a Recommendation
    Contents:
    JS2 stressed the importance of the national referral mechanism and reported that such a mechanism was functional only in certain municipalities. It noted that the cooperation among the responsible institutions needed to be strengthened for a faster and more efficient response in following up on the episodes of domestic violence. In 2017, the Council of Europe Group of Experts on Action against Violence against Women (CoE-GREVIO) made similar recommendations. [Para 28]
  • State Under Review:

    Albania

    Albania
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    OIC
    OIF
    Source Of Reference:

    Norway

    Norway
    Regional group
    WEOG
    Issue:
    • Gender equality
    • Domestic violence
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    6th session, December 2009
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Follow up on the legal framework for gender equality and domestic violence, including its application to law enforcement and judicial authorities handling cases of domestic violence, by taking more effective measures for its enforcement and increasing public awareness about the law in smaller towns and rural areas.
    Implementation
    National Report:
    Para 116) During this period, awareness raising campaigns were conducted to elimination gender stereotypes, to increase the political and public decision making of women and her economic empowerment; national conferences, meetings, programs with the electronic media, fairs with works of girls and women were organized; awareness raising materials are developed; posters, TV spots etc. An increased awareness by both state structures and society about gender issues is observed.

    Para 117) Activities organized to prevent trafficking aim to raise the awareness of the public and groups most at risk, such as children, youth, marginalized groups etc. Manuals, leaflets and brochures are published and distributed to prevent trafficking. TV spots, documentaries, TV and radio programmes are broadcasted. Seminars with the electronic media are organized and written regarding issues of trafficking in human beings. Topics related to trafficking in human being, issues about child protection, child rights, gender equality, domestic violence and sexual education are part of the curricula to raise the awareness of children and youth.

    UN Compilation:
    Para 16) Several treaty bodies welcomed the National Strategy on Gender Equality and Reduction of Gender-based Violence in the Family for 2011-2015. While commending the criminalization of domestic violence and spousal rape, the HR Committee noted with regret the continuing reports of domestic violence against women and children. It was concerned at: reports of ineffective police investigation into complaints of domestic violence; the low number of convictions; and the lack of follow-up to protection orders and of a sufficient number of shelters for victims of domestic violence
  • State Under Review:

    Albania

    Albania
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    OIC
    OIF
    Source Of Reference:

    Brazil

    Brazil
    Regional group
    GRULAC
    Political group
    OAS
    OEI
    Issue:
    • International human rights instruments
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    6th session, December 2009
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Consider ratifying CRPD and its OP...
    Implementation
    National Report:
    Para 43) The CRPD was ratified by the Albanian Assembly in November 2012. Concerning the OP of the Convention, the Albanian authorities are evaluating this recommendation and shall soon consider its signing and ratification.
  • State Under Review:

    Albania

    Albania
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    OIC
    OIF
    Source Of Reference:

    National Report

    Issue:
    • Marginalized groups of women
    • Gender equality
    • Violence against women / gender-based violence
    • Domestic violence
    • Women's participation
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    6th session, December 2009
    Status:
    N/A
    Contents:
    "The National Strategy for Gender Equality and Domestic Violence" (2007-2010), aims at promoting the dialogue on the accomplishment of gender equality, ensuring equal participation of men and women in the social, economic, political life of the country, equal opportunities to enjoy their rights and to put in service their individual potentials to the benefit of the society; improving the protection, the reaction of justice system and support to the victims of domestic violence, as well as placing a clearer focus on the prevention, addressing the causes of domestic violence and abuse. One of the objectives of this strategy is the involvement in manufacturing activities, of women who are head of their households; violated, trafficked women; women with disabilities; unemployed Roma women; women from rural areas etc. The Strategy Action Plan provides concrete measures addressing the issues of gender equality, domestic violence prevention. [Para 93]
  • State Under Review:

    Albania

    Albania
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    OIC
    OIF
    Source Of Reference:

    UN Compilation

    Issue:
    • Violence against women / gender-based violence
    • Sexual violence
    • Domestic violence
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    6th session, December 2009
    Status:
    Reference Addressed
    Contents:
    CAT recommended that Albania adopt measures to combat sexual violence and violence against women, including domestic violence. [Para 28]
  • State Under Review:

    Albania

    Albania
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    OIC
    OIF
    Source Of Reference:

    Italy

    Italy
    Regional group
    WEOG
    Political group
    EU
    Issue:
    • Gender equality
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    19th session, May 2014
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Adopt and implement further measures in order to address the gender wage gap, improve women's access to entrepreneurship and ensure a balanced representation of women in the labour market.
    Implementation
    National Report:
    Para 34) Amendments of the Labor Code in December 2015 introduced new provisions, with direct impact in women, including: an improved definition of sexual harassment in the work place; the reverse of the burden of proof for sexual harassment; additional guarantees for women’s return to work after their maternity leave; non-discriminatory remuneration for all, and not only for men and women, etc.
    Para 36) Several bylaws in relation to economic position of women were adopted , such as: On the right to withdraw economic aid, exclusively by women, that will increase the access to financial resources; Specific measures are adopted to support women entrepreneurs and women's development initiatives in rural areas.

    UN Compilation:
    Para 34) [CEDAW] was also concerned about the concentration of women in the informal labour market without adequate labour and social protection, the significant gender wage gap, particularly in the private sector, and the extremely low minimum wage that disproportionately affected women.83 The United Nations country team raised similar concerns.
    Para 35) [CEDAW] welcomed the adoption of the action plan for supporting women entrepreneurs for 2014–202085 and the amendment made in 2014 to the Law on Social Assistance and Social Services, which provided for social assistance to be paid directly to women. Nevertheless, the Committee noted with concern the limited implementation of those measures, in particular at the local level and with regard to women and girls belonging to disadvantaged or marginalized groups.
  • State Under Review:

    Albania

    Albania
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    OIC
    OIF
    Source Of Reference:

    United Kingdom

    United Kingdom
    Regional group
    WEOG
    Political group
    EU
    Commonwealth
    Issue:
    • Domestic violence
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    19th session, May 2014
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Ensure that reports of domestic violence are investigated swiftly and fully, and that prosecutions are carried out with the full force of the law.
    Implementation
    National Report:
    Para 46) An increase in reporting and cases management, particularly in cases of domestic violence, has been evidenced by the State Police. During 2016–2018, there are in total 13661 cases of domestic violence: 6187 claims for Emergency Protection Orders and Protection Orders (EPO / PO-7837 women and girls identified as victims of violence. 7847 lawsuits for EPO/PO.
    Para 47) According to the General Prosecution Office, in relation with criminal offense "Domestic Violence" from 2016–2018, the number of recorded criminal proceedings is: 3566 cases, with an increase of percentage year by year. The Prosecution Office submitted before the court over 79% of the criminal proceedings cases.
    Para 48) An online registration system on statistical data on domestic violence at the local level is operational. National Data System on domestic violence cases at the local level (REVALB) is used by 22 municipalities. Local violence coordinators in each municipality collect data on cases identified and addressed by the Referral Mechanism for Addressing Cases of Domestic Violence (Referral Mechanism). The system registers every case of violence identified and addressed by the local referral mechanism.

    Stakeholder Summary:
    Para 30) JS5 further observed that the number of protection orders increased by one third due to increased awareness by victims of domestic violence, as well as the increased accountability of responsible institutions in addressing domestic violence. JS5 noted that courts dismissed an alarming number of protection order cases mostly because the petitioner had asked to withdraw the request or because the offender had failed to show up to the court hearing or following reconciliation.
  • State Under Review:

    Albania

    Albania
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    OIC
    OIF
    Source Of Reference:

    Nicaragua

    Nicaragua
    Regional group
    GRULAC
    Political group
    OAS
    OEI
    ACS
    Issue:
    • Domestic violence
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    19th session, May 2014
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Promote a comprehensive policy of sensitization to the fight against domestic violence.
    Implementation
    National Report:
    Para 50) The awareness raising activities have been organized by the Ministry of Health and Social Protection within “the 16 days of activism against gender based violence and domestic violence” (25 November-10 December yearly), in close cooperation with line ministries, civil society organisations, international organizations.
  • State Under Review:

    Albania

    Albania
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    OIC
    OIF
    Source Of Reference:

    UN Compilation

    Issue:
    • Sexual abuse
    • Sexual exploitation / slavery
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    19th session, May 2014
    Status:
    Reference Addressed
    Contents:
    ... It urged Albania to revise its legislation to ensure that children up to the age of 18 were protected against sexual abuse and exploitation. [Para 19; CRC]
  • State Under Review:

    Albania

    Albania
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    OIC
    OIF
    Source Of Reference:

    National Report

    Issue:
    • Gender equality
    • Domestic violence
    • Women's and / or girls' rights
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    19th session, May 2014
    Status:
    N/A
    Contents:
    ... During 2010-2013 the legal and normative framework on the protection of human rights has been enhanced and constantly complemented concerning discrimination, protection of the rights of the child, women's rights, gender equality, domestic violence ... [Para 3]
  • State Under Review:

    Albania

    Albania
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    OIC
    OIF
    Source Of Reference:

    Portugal

    Portugal
    Regional group
    WEOG
    Political group
    EU
    OEI
    Issue:
    • International human rights instruments
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    33rd Session, May 2019
    Status:
    Unclear Response
    Contents:
    Ratify the OP-ICESCR.
    Explanation
    Noted. Taking into account that the subject-matter of this Convention are tribal peoples in independent countries whose social, cultural and economic conditions differ from other parts of the community and whose status is wholly or partially regulated by traditions, specific laws or regulations, and peoples in independent countries who are considered indigenous because of their background and who, regardless of their legal status, retain some or all of their own social, economic, cultural and political institutions, and given the fact that there are no such groups in the Republic of Albania, we consider that it is not a priority to ratify this convention.
  • State Under Review:

    Albania

    Albania
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    OIC
    OIF
    Source Of Reference:

    Honduras

    Honduras
    Regional group
    GRULAC
    Political group
    OAS
    OEI
    ACS
    Issue:
    • Violence on the basis of sexual orientation
    • Violence on the basis of gender identity
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    33rd Session, May 2019
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Strengthen policies to combat violent offences and hate crimes based on the sexual orientation and gender identity through establishing more solid links with the civil society and guaranteeing the implementation of legal provisions on hate crimes.
  • State Under Review:

    Albania

    Albania
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    OIC
    OIF
    Source Of Reference:

    Netherlands

    Netherlands
    Regional group
    WEOG
    Political group
    EU
    Issue:
    • Gender equality
    • Training for state personnel on sexual rights issues
    • Rights of same-sex desiring persons
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    6th session, December 2009
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Implement public education and awareness programmes on issues related to sexual orientation and gender equality and provide training to law enforcement, judicial and other relevant authorities with the same objective
    Implementation
    National Report:
    Para 116) During this period, awareness raising campaigns were conducted to elimination gender stereotypes, to increase the political and public decision making of women and her economic empowerment; national conferences, meetings, programs with the electronic media, fairs with works of girls and women were organized; awareness raising materials are developed; posters, TV spots etc. An increased awareness by both state structures and society about gender issues is observed.

    Para 117) Activities organized to prevent trafficking aim to raise the awareness of the public and groups most at risk, such as children, youth, marginalized groups etc. Manuals, leaflets and brochures are published and distributed to prevent trafficking. TV spots, documentaries, TV and radio programmes are broadcasted. Seminars with the electronic media are organized and written regarding issues of trafficking in human beings. Topics related to trafficking in human being, issues about child protection, child rights, gender equality, domestic violence and sexual education are part of the curricula to raise the awareness of children and youth.
  • State Under Review:

    Albania

    Albania
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    OIC
    OIF
    Source Of Reference:

    Chile

    Chile
    Regional group
    GRULAC
    Political group
    OAS
    OEI
    Issue:
    • Intersex persons' rights
    • Discrimination based on sexual orientation
    • Discrimination based on gender identity
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    33rd Session, May 2019
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Develop programs in schools to eliminate harassment of LGTBI children and adolescents, and implement psychological support measures to reduce the dropout rates of LGTBI students.
  • State Under Review:

    Albania

    Albania
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    OIC
    OIF
    Source Of Reference:

    Honduras

    Honduras
    Regional group
    GRULAC
    Political group
    OAS
    OEI
    ACS
    Issue:
    • Violence against women / gender-based violence
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    33rd Session, May 2019
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Implement fully the normative framework and policies aimed at preventing violence against women, particularly by addressing factors that prevent denunciations of cases of gender-based violence.
  • State Under Review:

    Albania

    Albania
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    OIC
    OIF
    Source Of Reference:

    Chile

    Chile
    Regional group
    GRULAC
    Political group
    OAS
    OEI
    Issue:
    • Domestic violence
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    33rd Session, May 2019
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Increase the coordination between the institutions that provide prevention and rehabilitation services to victims of domestic violence, as well as ensure the resources for the operation of these institutions.
  • State Under Review:

    Albania

    Albania
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    OIC
    OIF
    Source Of Reference:

    UN Compilation

    Issue:
    • Violence against women / gender-based violence
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    33rd Session, May 2019
    Status:
    Reference Addressed
    Contents:
    The country team ... stressed the need to provide women and children who had been isolated as a result of blood feuds with economic aid, social services, education and health care, including a basic package of primary health-care services. [Para 12]
  • State Under Review:

    Albania

    Albania
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    OIC
    OIF
    Source Of Reference:

    Stakeholder Summary

    Issue:
    • Marginalized groups of women
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    33rd Session, May 2019
    Status:
    Not Followed up with a Recommendation
    Contents:
    JS1 reported that girl children in conflict with the law continued to be kept in the same premises as women … [Para 11]
  • State Under Review:

    Albania

    Albania
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    OIC
    OIF
    Source Of Reference:

    Outcome Report

    Issue:
    • Contraception
    • Sexual harassment
    • Marginalized groups of women
    • Women's and / or girls' rights
    Type:
    Comment
    Session:
    33rd Session, May 2019
    Status:
    N/A
    Contents:
    International-Lawyers.org commended the improvements made by Albania in the areas of the rights of both women and children, including greater representation in government, mothers’ right to return to work after maternity leave and reversing the burden of proof in sexual harassment cases. It noted that, despite these advancements, Roma and Egyptian women and children remained two vulnerable groups. It noted that improving access to education for women would increase school enrolment and completion, delay marriage, and provide job opportunities and that access to birth control would delay the first childbirth resulting in better health outcomes. Nutrition and health services would result in improved weight, less infections and decreased mortality among children. [Para 432]
  • State Under Review:

    Albania

    Albania
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    OIC
    OIF
    Source Of Reference:

    Canada

    Canada
    Regional group
    WEOG
    Political group
    OAS
    OIF
    Commonwealth
    Issue:
    • Domestic violence
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    6th session, December 2009
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Adopt and implement robust measures to better address domestic violence.