Displaying 426 - 450 of 58160 recommendations found
-
State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:EstoniaEstoniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupEUIssue:
- International human rights instruments
Type:RecommendationSession:19th session, May 2014Status:AcceptedContents:Consider ratifying the OP-CRPD. -
State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:AustraliaAustraliaRegional groupWEOGPolitical groupPIFCommonwealthIssue:
- Violence against women / gender-based violence
- Domestic violence
Type:RecommendationSession:19th session, May 2014Status:AcceptedContents:Enhance support services for victims of domestic and gender-based violence; and take measures to raise awareness among law enforcement officials, lawyers and judges of the serious nature of domestic and gender-based violence.ImplementationNational Report:
Para 13) Law No. 108/2014 “On the State Police“ was amended, strengthening actions in the field of domestic violence and trafficking, protection measures for children and interinstitutional collaboration.
Para 41) Law "On legal aid", which entered into force on 1 June 2018, provide access to justice for individuals with economic difficulties including disadvantaged groups. The law defines conditions, procedures and rules on administration of legal aid guaranteed by the state, equal access to the justice system, professional legal aid, and state institutions responsible for administering legal aid. This law provides as beneficiaries of stateguaranteed legal aid regardless of their income and property, expressly victims of domestic violence, sexually abused victims and victims of trafficking in human beings, to other categories such as child victims and juveniles in conflict with the law, persons in social care, persons without legal capacity to act and victims of discriminatory behavior.
Para 42) Law No.22 / 2018 "On Social Housing", with regard of social housing programs provides for priority in terms of securing social housing victims of domestic violence, victims of trafficking and potential victims of trafficking.
Para 44) National Referral Mechanism (NRM) for cases of violence in family relations was established at the local level in 60 municipalities (out of the then total of 61 municipalities), as well employees for gender equality, with the role of local coordinators against domestic violence. Since 2016 are adopted standards of services for victims of domestic violence. There is need for a multidisciplinary, rapid and effective approach, for national and local government units' awareness on budgeting of gender priorities, applying for funding to provide social services for victims of domestic violence.
Para 45) The State Police has established a telephone service number 129 or 11 for all emergencies which operates 24 hours in 7 days. Since 2017, the Free Counselling Line 116- 117, is offering free of charge primary service of psycho-emotional support, counselling and assistance for the referral of violence, in a secure and confidential environment. National service counselling standards for victims of domestic violence were adopted.
Para 49) There are 6 non-public centers providing residential services (2 in Tirana, 1 in Berat, 1 in Korca, 1 in Elbasan, 1 in Vlora). In December 2018, was opened a Crisis Management Center for Victims of Sexual Violence “Lilium Center”, at the premises of the Tirana University Hospital Center "Mother Theresa". This Center provides 24/7 integrated services to victims of sexual violence by a multidisciplinary team. Standards of this Center were approved by Instruction of the Minister of Health and Social Protection in November 2018.
Para 78) The provision of services to victims of domestic violence has been strengthened. The number of children accommodated annually is relatively consistent, from 38–59 cases per year. A tailored integration service plan is developed for each child that includes their enrolment and monitoring of school attendance. Various awareness-raising and entertainment activities are carried out aiming to develop their social and cognitive skills. Specialist social workers and psychologists at the centre support the mothers to become part of the employment and housing schemes offered by the local government or non-profit organisations, in order to improve their financial situation. Other services available to victims, provided by public and private centres include, housing and psycho-social support, referral for medical care, legal aid, professional training courses, and employment mediation.
UN Compilation:
Para 30) … CEDAW was concerned about the prevalence of gender-based violence, the low rate of reporting of cases of gender-based violence against women, the insufficient implementation of the national referral mechanism, the insufficient number of shelters for victims of gender-based violence and the restrictive criteria for admission to those shelters, and the frequent failure to enforce protection orders and emergency protection orders. The country team made similar observations and highlighted that women from disadvantaged groups faced additional barriers to accessing services.
Stakeholder Summary:
Para 27) … Both, JS5 and JS2 reported that the Law “On Free Legal Aid provided by the State” 111/2017, which provided the right for victims of domestic violence to obtain legal assistance, had not been fully implemented.
Para 29) According to JS5, victims of sexual violence received little protection and few services as the country did not have rape crisis centers or sexual violence referral centers. Victims also faced problems accessing short-term housing with the number of shelters in the country and their capacity being insufficient.
-
State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:VietnamVietnamRegional groupAsia-Pacific GroupPolitical groupASEANOIFIssue:
- Domestic violence
- Trafficking in women and / or girls
Type:RecommendationSession:19th session, May 2014Status:AcceptedContents:Further improve national institutions and human rights infrastructure, including the harmonization of domestic legislation and the legal system with the international and European Union instruments on persons with disabilities, the rights of the child, the prevention of domestic violence and trafficking in persons. -
State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:MaldivesMaldivesRegional groupAsia-Pacific GroupPolitical groupOICCommonwealthIssue:
- Marginalized groups of women
Type:RecommendationSession:19th session, May 2014Status:AcceptedContents:Conduct outreach programmes in rural areas in order to ensure that women with disabilities are not discriminated against or socially excluded. -
State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:Stakeholder SummaryIssue:
- Domestic violence
Type:Review DocumentationSession:19th session, May 2014Status:NeglectedContents:... AI recommended that Albania ensure that the Ministry of Justice monitors and reports on the implementation of the Criminal Code relating to domestic violence and the Law on Violence in Family Relations. [Para 14] -
State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:National ReportIssue:
- Gender equality
- Women's and / or girls' rights
Type:Review DocumentationSession:19th session, May 2014Status:N/AContents:Under the reform of social services 2013-2016, the Ministry of Social Welfare is cooperating with UNICEF to draft a system of integrated social services at a decentralized level for addressing issues of ... women ... [Para 41] -
State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:GreeceGreeceRegional groupWEOGPolitical groupEUOIFIssue:
- Gender equality
- Women's and / or girls' rights
Type:QuestionSession:6th session, December 2009Status:Not Followed up with a RecommendationContents:Requested further information about actions and measures to be undertaken in order to [...] increase public awareness on gender equality and women rights. -
State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:CyprusCyprusRegional groupAsia-Pacific GroupPolitical groupEUOIFCommonwealthIssue:
- Early marriage
Type:RecommendationSession:33rd Session, May 2019Status:AcceptedContents:Set a minimum legal age of marriage to 18 years.
ExplanationThe Family Code of Albania (Article 7 – Age for marriage) provide the legal age of marriage, namely: “Marriage can be concluded between a man and a woman who are 18 years or older. The court in the location where the marriage is to be concluded may, for sufficient reasons, allow marriage prior to this age”.
-
State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:SerbiaSerbiaRegional groupEEGIssue:
- Trafficking in women and / or girls
Type:RecommendationSession:33rd Session, May 2019Status:AcceptedContents:Step up the fight against trafficking in women and girls, especially those related to tourism in coastal areas by conducting investigations, prosecutions and convictions of traffickers, including state officials complicit in this crime.
-
State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:BelgiumBelgiumRegional groupWEOGPolitical groupEUOIFIssue:
- International human rights instruments
- Violence against women / gender-based violence
- Domestic violence
Type:RecommendationSession:33rd Session, May 2019Status:AcceptedContents:Ensure effective implementation of the recommendations of the Council of Europe Group of Experts on Action against Violence against Women and Domestic Violence.
-
State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:IcelandIcelandRegional groupWEOGIssue:
- Violence against women / gender-based violence
- Training for state personnel on sexual rights issues
- Domestic violence
Type:RecommendationSession:33rd Session, May 2019Status:AcceptedContents:Provide continuing training to police, judges, health professionals, victim support services, and other professional institutions working with victims of violence against women and domestic violence.
-
State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:SlovakiaSlovakiaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupEUIssue:
- Early marriage
Type:RecommendationSession:33rd Session, May 2019Status:AcceptedContents:Strictly prohibit child marriage and criminalize violations of that prohibition and increase its efforts to raise awareness of child marriage.
-
State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:UN CompilationIssue:
- Contraception
- Sexual and / or reproductive rights and / or health broadly
Type:Review DocumentationSession:33rd Session, May 2019Status:Not Followed up with a RecommendationContents:The United Nations country team noted that progress had been made with the approval of the National Health Strategy for 2016–2020, the strategic document and action plan for sexual and reproductive health for 2017–2021, the national action plan for contraceptive security for 2017–2021 and the national action plan on health promotion for 2017–2021. However, it noted that investments in health care remained low and funding constraints hindered the necessary support and timely implementation of strategies and policies. [Para 23]
-
State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:Stakeholder SummaryIssue:
- Violence against women / gender-based violence
Type:Review DocumentationSession:33rd Session, May 2019Status:Not Followed up with a RecommendationContents:CoE-GREVIO ... recommended to identify further areas of improvement by analysing the reasons behind the high numbers of victims who do not pursue their protection under the emergency barring order/protection order mechanism. [Para 30]
-
State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:National ReportIssue:
- Gender equality
Type:Review DocumentationSession:6th session, December 2009Status:N/AContents:The Law "On gender equality in society" (2004) was the first complete legal act in this field. This law was inapplicable due to the lack of clarity of the competences of structures responsible for the issues of gender equality. Law "On gender equality" adopted in 2008 that repealed the law of 2004 regulates the fundamental issues of gender equality in public life, of protection and equal treatment of men and women, of equal chances and opportunities in the exercise of rights, as well as of their participation and support to the development of all areas of social life. The law aims at ensuring an efficient protection against discrimination by reason of gender, as well as at setting out the measures for guaranteeing equal opportunities to both men and women and eliminating the gender-related discrimination, in any form it might appear. [Para 92] -
State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:UN CompilationIssue:
- "Honour crimes"
- Violence against women / gender-based violence
Type:Review DocumentationSession:6th session, December 2009Status:Reference AddressedContents:CESCR recommended that Albania strengthen its efforts to eliminate the practice of vendetta (or honour) killings and other forms of violence which originate from the Kanun. [Para 27] -
State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:UN CompilationIssue:
- Gender equality
Type:Review DocumentationSession:19th session, May 2014Status:Reference AddressedContents:CEDAW recommended that Albania address gender stereotypes that perpetuate discrimination against women. [Para 6] -
State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:SpainSpainRegional groupWEOGPolitical groupEUOEIIssue:
- International human rights instruments
Type:RecommendationSession:19th session, May 2014Status:AcceptedContents:Sign and ratify the OP-ICESCR. -
State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:ArgentinaArgentinaRegional groupGRULACPolitical groupOASOEIIssue:
- Discrimination based on sexual orientation
Type:RecommendationSession:19th session, May 2014Status:AcceptedContents:Study the possibility of strengthening the measures to fight discrimination, in order to eradicate the trend and/or the dissemination of stereotypes that lead to discrimination on the grounds of sexual orientation.ImplementationNational Report:
Para 35) A new Code of Administrative Procedures (Law 44/2015) was approved by the Assembly of the Republic of Albania on 30.04.2015 and entered into force on 28.05.2016. An important step is the provision related the reverse of the burden of proof in matters of discrimination. The public body should be guided by the principle of equality and antidiscrimination for grounds provided by law, including gender and gender identity.
Para 120) The National Action Plan for Non-discrimination on the Grounds of Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity 2012-2014 and the National Action Plan for LGBTI Persons 2016-2020 foresee several measures to address discrimination and integration of these groups. The strategic goals are: Improving the legal and institutional framework, as well as raising awareness on non-discrimination and protection of LGBTI people's rights, in line with international standards; Elimination of all forms of discrimination against the LGBTI community, through capacity building of law enforcement structures; Improving access to employment, education, health, housing and sports for LGBTI persons, while guaranteeing their equal opportunities.
UN Compilation:
Para 6) The United Nations country team noted that despite legal developments to promote non-discrimination, discrimination against lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and intersex persons persisted, including denial of their right to marry and have a family, the right to gender reassignment surgery for transgender persons, and the right to self-determination in relation to bodily integrity for intersex persons. The country team also noted that there was an urgent need to improve the range of and access to high quality sexual and reproductive health services for lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and intersex persons. It recommended that Albania enforce the current legislation and national action plan and improve access to sexual and reproductive health services. 13 The Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights reported that it had led the “free and equal” campaign to promote equal rights for and fair treatment of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and intersex persons, through the media and national events.
Stakeholder Summary:
Para 5) Joint Submission 3 (JS3) stated that Article 18 of the Constitution included the grounds for prohibition from discrimination and did not include sexual orientation and gender identity as a prohibited ground for discrimination. It noted the adoption of the 2015 resolution by the Parliament “On protection of rights and freedoms of persons belonging to the lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) community in Albania” , of the LGBTI National Action Plan for 2016-2020, and of the 2015 amendments to the Labour Code prohibiting discrimination in employment and professions on the grounds of sexual orientation and gender identity. S3 reported, however, that the Family Code defined marriage only between a man and a woman, and did not guarantee the right of LGBTI couples to adopt or have children via artificial insemination, limiting patrimonial rights. Despite the development of a manual on detecting hate crimes on grounds of sexual orientation and gender identity, and of a series of trainings for police officers, JS3 observed that the police force remained largely untrained and uninformed on LGBTI rights. The number of reported hate-crime cases on the ground of sexual orientation and gender identity was very low and data collection on hate crimes was still lacking. JS3 also noted the reported frequent use of homophobic slurs and bullying against LGBT students in schools, while school psychologists largely ignored the requests for support and, in some cases, offered conversion therapies. JS3 further noted that transgender students were forced to drop out from schools because of isolation and discrimination.
Stakeholder Summary:
Para 20) JS7 reported that LGBTI persons lacked full access to healthcare and experienced poor quality of service due to discrimination, stigmatization and negative attitudes. JS3 specified that transgender persons faced discrimination or refusal of services from health professionals on the grounds of their gender identity, and that there were no medical multidisciplinary team working with intersex babies nor written protocols for establishing intersex diagnosis.
-
State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:PhilippinesPhilippinesRegional groupAsia-Pacific GroupPolitical groupASEANIssue:
- Trafficking in women and / or girls
Type:RecommendationSession:19th session, May 2014Status:AcceptedContents:Ensure effective implementation of the measures or strategies established to counter and prevent trafficking in persons, including by intensifying efforts to prosecute perpetrators and providing adequate protection to trafficking victims, especially women and children.ImplementationNational Report:
Para 51) Legal and institutional framework in the field of trafficking is improved, and includes amendments to the Criminal Procedure Code (Law 35/2017) and an improved position and access to the criminal process for the victim. Law ‘On Social Care Services’ places a requirement on all institutions responsible for treatment of a trafficked persons to take all specific measures and actions for their assistance and support, in order to find a lasting solution. Law ‘On State Police’ provides for additional safeguards for the protection and comprehensive support for victims of trafficking, especially women and children. Para 52) The National Strategy on the Fight against Human Trafficking 2018-2020 is organised around four main pillars (investigation and criminal prosecution, victim protection and assistance, prevention, and coordination), with a budget for its activities. The Cross-sectoral Strategy on the Fight against Organised Crime, Illicit Trafficking and Terrorism 2013–2020, increasing the efforts in the fight against trafficking of persons. Strengthening international and inter-institutional cooperation with all stakeholders, in particular with the Serious Crimes Prosecution Office, which deals with trafficking cases of women, vulnerable groups and children.
UN Compilation:
Para 19) The Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination welcomed the National Strategy on the Fight against Human Trafficking for 2018–2020,49 but was concerned that Roma and Egyptian women and children were disproportionately overrepresented among victims of trafficking. CEDAW was concerned that Albania remained a source and destination country for trafficking in women and girls, especially for trafficking linked to tourism in coastal areas.
Stakeholder Summary:
Para 13) In 2016, the Council of Europe Group of Experts on Action against Trafficking in Human Beings (CoE-GRETA) … … referred to a surge in the number of female victims of trafficking for the purpose of sexual exploitation and child victims trafficked for the purpose of sexual exploitation and/or begging during the tourist season.
-
State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:CzechiaCzechiaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupEUIssue:
- Training for state personnel on sexual rights issues
- Domestic violence
Type:RecommendationSession:19th session, May 2014Status:AcceptedContents:Ensure adequate training of police in order to increase their capability to deal with domestic violence cases, and take further steps to raise public awareness of domestic violence as a criminal offence.ImplementationNational Report:
Para 13) Law No. 108/2014 “On the State Police“ was amended, strengthening actions in the field of domestic violence and trafficking, protection measures for children and interinstitutional collaboration. -
State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:UN CompilationIssue:
- Gender equality
Type:Review DocumentationSession:19th session, May 2014Status:NeglectedContents:... CESCR recommended that Albania enforce gender equality legislation, in particular the observance of the 30 per cent quota for representation of women in senior-level positions at public administration, academic and research institutions. [Para 40] -
State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:National ReportIssue:
- Sexual abuse
- Sexual exploitation / slavery
- International human rights instruments
- Violence against women / gender-based violence
- Domestic violence
Type:Review DocumentationSession:19th session, May 2014Status:N/AContents:Since the first cycle of the UPR, Albania has signed or/and ratified the following Conventions and protocols: ...
- OP-CRC-IC (ratified in 2013).
- Council of Europe Convention on Preventing and Combating Violence against Women and Domestic Violence (ratified in November 2012).
- Council of Europe Convention on Protection of Children against Sexual Exploitation and Sexual Abuse (ratified in 2009, entered into force 1.07.2010). [Para 9]
-
State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:NetherlandsNetherlandsRegional groupWEOGPolitical groupEUIssue:
- Gender equality
Type:RecommendationSession:6th session, December 2009Status:AcceptedContents:Amend the economic aid law and the property law so that they in no circumstances discriminate against women. -
State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:Stakeholder SummaryIssue:
- Domestic violence
Type:Review DocumentationSession:6th session, December 2009Status:NeglectedContents:Ensure that a nation-wide system of recording reports of domestic violence is established; that statistics are regularly made public and this information is used to inform government policy in combating domestic violence; to ensure, in partnership with ministries and municipal authorities, awareness of the provisions in the Domestic Violence Law for the issuance of protection orders; to adopt measures to ensure that the protection order mechanism is more effective; to complete the introduction of all remaining supporting legislation required to implement the Domestic Violence Law, and to make funds available to centres providing legal and other assistance to victims of domestic violence. [Para 7]