UPR Sexual Rights Database

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UN Member State that is reviewed on its human rights record as part of the UPR process.

Categories of the types of information used during reviews

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Source of Reference

Recommending State

UN Member State or Permanent Observer making sexual rights related recommendations, comments or asking questions to the State under Review.

Review Documentation

Sources of information used as the basis for a State’s review.  Includes the State’s National Report, UN Compilation Report and a Stakeholder Summary.

UN Regional Group to which State under Review belongs.

UN Regional Group to which Recommending State belongs.

This will only match recommendations where the Source of Review is a State.

Implementation notes

State responses to recommendations and issues raised in the UN Compilation and Stakeholder summary.

Displaying 41701 - 41725 of 58160 recommendations found
  • State Under Review:

    Republic of Korea

    Republic of Korea
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Source Of Reference:

    National Report

    Issue:
    • Sexual abuse
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    14th session, November 2012
    Status:
    N/A
    Contents:
    The Act on the Protection of Children and Juveniles from Sexual Abuse was amended in April 2010. With the amendments, the statute of limitations for sexual abuse against children and juveniles is suspended until the victim reaches legal age of majority. In addition, the court is required to order convicted sex offenders against children and juveniles to take special education or therapy, in addition to punitive sentence. [Para 5]
  • State Under Review:

    Republic of Korea

    Republic of Korea
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Source Of Reference:

    UN Compilation

    Issue:
    • Sexual violence
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    14th session, November 2012
    Status:
    Neglected
    Contents:
    ...CEDAW was concerned about the Criminal Code provision requiring adult victims of sexual violence to file a complaint in order to have their cases prosecuted and about the consequent low number of victims who present charges and low number of prosecutions and convictions. [Para 18]
  • State Under Review:

    Republic of Korea

    Republic of Korea
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Source Of Reference:

    Stakeholder Summary

    Issue:
    • Sexual violence
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    14th session, November 2012
    Status:
    Neglected
    Contents:
    ... NHRCK indicated that the Government should consider repealing the categorization of offences subject to complaint by victims, such as rape without injury and harassment. [Para 17]
  • State Under Review:

    Republic of Korea

    Republic of Korea
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Source Of Reference:

    Stakeholder Summary

    Issue:
    • Sexual exploitation / slavery
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    14th session, November 2012
    Status:
    Neglected
    Contents:
    KBA observed that controversy persisted over whether the 1965 agreement resolved the issue of the damage suffered, inter alia, by the Korean women drafted for military sexual slavery by a neighbouring country - and groups having been denied compensation. The Korean Constitutional Court ruled in 2011 that the non-action of the State was unconstitutional. JS5 recommended that the Government, inter alia, request proper legal compensation to sexual slavery victims and promptly make a settlement on the dispute resolution procedure. [Para 52]
  • State Under Review:

    Republic of Korea

    Republic of Korea
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Source Of Reference:

    Argentina

    Argentina
    Regional group
    GRULAC
    Political group
    OAS
    OEI
    Issue:
    • Discrimination based on sexual orientation
    • Discrimination based on gender identity
    • Violence on the basis of sexual orientation
    • Violence on the basis of gender identity
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    28th Session November 2017
    Status:
    Unclear Response
    Contents:
    Follow up on the recommendation made in 2012, strengthening its legislation, investigating and punishing effectively the discrimination based on sexual orientation and gender identity, expressed through hate speeches and acts of violence.
    Explanation
    Noted. The Government has devoted considerable legislative efforts to prohibit discrimination through the Constitution and 90 other legislations. Meanwhile, considering the controversy over the prohibited grounds of discrimination, the enactment of the general anti-discrimination law, which provides general remedial procedure for the victims of discriminatory acts, requires considerable examination and opinion-gathering process to reach public consensus regarding the matter. Furthermore, imposing criminal punishment for discriminatory acts requires a careful review.
  • State Under Review:

    Republic of Korea

    Republic of Korea
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Source Of Reference:

    Albania

    Albania
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    OIC
    OIF
    Issue:
    • Forced sterilization
    • Marginalized groups of women
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    28th Session November 2017
    Status:
    Unclear Response
    Contents:
    Urgently eliminate the practice of forced sterilisation of women with disabilities.
    Explanation
    Noted. Forced sterilization of women with disabilities is prohibited by law in the ROK, and no such practice is carried out.
  • State Under Review:

    Republic of Korea

    Republic of Korea
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Source Of Reference:

    Singapore

    Singapore
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Political group
    ASEAN
    Commonwealth
    Issue:
    • Gender equality
    • Women's and / or girls' rights
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    28th Session November 2017
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Continue to put in place practical measures to implement the revised framework at the national and local levels to achieve gender equality and combat discrimination against women.
  • State Under Review:

    Republic of Korea

    Republic of Korea
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Source Of Reference:

    Norway

    Norway
    Regional group
    WEOG
    Issue:
    • Marginalized groups of women
    • Women's and / or girls' rights
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    28th Session November 2017
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Improve the enforcement of the Single-Parent Family Support Act.
  • State Under Review:

    Republic of Korea

    Republic of Korea
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Source Of Reference:

    UN Compilation

    Issue:
    • Marginalized groups of women
    • Women's and / or girls' rights
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    28th Session November 2017
    Status:
    Neglected
    Contents:
    In 2012, the Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination reiterated its recommendation to increase the Government’s efforts to protect foreign women married to citizens of the Republic of Korea by granting them equal rights in case of separation or divorce, and with regard to subsequent residence permits and other provisions. [Para 58]
  • State Under Review:

    Republic of Korea

    Republic of Korea
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Source Of Reference:

    Stakeholder Summary

    Issue:
    • Abortion
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    28th Session November 2017
    Status:
    Reference Addressed
    Contents:
    While noting acceptance by the authorities numerous recommendations from the universal periodic report on the protection of women’s rights, HRW observed that laws on abortion were punitive and harmful to women. Abortion was considered a crime. Exceptions were permitted only in cases of rape or incest, if the parents could not marry legally, if continuation of the pregnancy was likely to jeopardize the pregnant woman’s health, or when the pregnant woman or her spouse has one of several hereditary disorders or communicable diseases. The criminalisation of abortions meant that many abortions were illegally performed. [Para 73]
  • State Under Review:

    Republic of Korea

    Republic of Korea
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Source Of Reference:

    United Kingdom

    United Kingdom
    Regional group
    WEOG
    Political group
    EU
    Commonwealth
    Issue:
    • Intersex persons' rights
    • Discrimination based on sexual orientation
    • Discrimination based on gender identity
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    42nd Session, January 2023
    Status:
    Unclear Response
    Contents:
    Enact a comprehensive anti-discrimination law, that prohibits all forms of discrimination, including protection for all those in the LGBT+ community.
    Explanation
    Noted. The Government face difficulties in taking immediate actions in a short period of time.
  • State Under Review:

    Republic of Korea

    Republic of Korea
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Source Of Reference:

    United States

    United States
    Regional group
    WEOG
    Political group
    OAS
    Issue:
    • Criminal laws on same-sex sexual practices
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    42nd Session, January 2023
    Status:
    Unclear Response
    Contents:
    Repeal the Military Criminal Act’s article criminalizing same-sex conduct in the military.
    Explanation
    Noted. Article 92-6 of the Military Criminal Act does not uniformly penalize same-sex sexual relations, and is applied only in cases of direct and specific violation of military discipline and healthy community life.

  • State Under Review:

    Republic of Korea

    Republic of Korea
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Source Of Reference:

    National Report

    Issue:
    • Women's participation
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    2nd session, May 2008
    Status:
    N/A
    Contents:
    The participation of women in policy-making processes has been increased with the introduction of the Equal Employment Initiative for Women as well as the amendment of the Act on Elections for Public Officers which calls for at least 50 per cent of the political parties' candidates for proportional representation in the National Assembly to be women. Social activities of women have increased as well in the labor market with the establishment of the Basic Plan on Gender Equality in Employment, the establishment of the Comprehensive Human Resources Development Plan for Women and the enactment of the Act for the Creation of a Family-Friendly Social Environment. [Para 73]
  • State Under Review:

    Republic of Korea

    Republic of Korea
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Source Of Reference:

    Norway

    Norway
    Regional group
    WEOG
    Issue:
    • Gender equality
    • Women's and / or girls' rights
    • Women's participation
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    42nd Session, January 2023
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Implement measures to ensure women’s equal participation in work life and politics, by preventing discrimination and reducing the gender wage gap.
    Explanation
    Already implemented.



  • State Under Review:

    Republic of Korea

    Republic of Korea
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Source Of Reference:

    Maldives

    Maldives
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Political group
    OIC
    Commonwealth
    Issue:
    • Gender equality
    • Women's and / or girls' rights
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    42nd Session, January 2023
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Reinforce the gender and women’s rights mandate of the National Human Rights Commission of the Republic of Korea.
  • State Under Review:

    Republic of Korea

    Republic of Korea
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Source Of Reference:

    Kuwait

    Kuwait
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Political group
    OIC
    AL
    Issue:
    • Violence against women / gender-based violence
    • Sexual violence
    • Women's and / or girls' rights
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    42nd Session, January 2023
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Continue with procedures and legislation aimed at eliminating all forms of discrimination against women, gender equality, protecting women from gender-based violence, and supporting victims of sexual violence.
  • State Under Review:

    Republic of Korea

    Republic of Korea
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Source Of Reference:

    Iceland

    Iceland
    Regional group
    WEOG
    Issue:
    • Abortion
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    42nd Session, January 2023
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Guarantee universal access to safe and legal abortion by swiftly reforming the Criminal Act.
  • State Under Review:

    Republic of Korea

    Republic of Korea
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Source Of Reference:

    UN Compilation

    Issue:
    • Intersex persons' rights
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    42nd Session, January 2023
    Status:
    Not Followed up with a Recommendation
    Contents:
    CEDAW recommended ensuring that transgender persons had the right to access to medical services, including national health insurance coverage, and that intersex persons were not subjected to involuntary medical interventions. [Para 86]
  • State Under Review:

    Republic of Korea

    Republic of Korea
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Source Of Reference:

    Stakeholder Summary

    Issue:
    • Discrimination based on sexual orientation
    • Discrimination based on gender identity
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    42nd Session, January 2023
    Status:
    Reference Addressed
    Contents:
    NHRCK recommended enacting the proposed Equality Act, prohibiting discrimination based on sexual orientation, gender identity and other grounds in all spheres of life. [Para 4]
  • State Under Review:

    Republic of Korea

    Republic of Korea
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Source Of Reference:

    UN Compilation

    Issue:
    • Sexuality education
    • Discrimination based on sexual orientation
    • Discrimination based on gender identity
    • HIV and AIDS
    • Adolescent pregnancy
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    42nd Session, January 2023
    Status:
    Reference Addressed
    Contents:
    CRC urged the State to provide age-appropriate sexual education, paying special attention to preventing adolescent pregnancy and HIV/AIDS and adequately covering sexual orientation and gender identity. [Para 55]
  • State Under Review:

    Republic of Korea

    Republic of Korea
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Source Of Reference:

    Spain

    Spain
    Regional group
    WEOG
    Political group
    EU
    OEI
    Issue:
    • International human rights instruments
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    14th session, November 2012
    Status:
    Unclear Response
    Contents:
    Ratify the OP-ICESCR.
    Explanation
    The Government is currently reviewing the need for ratification and the following effects at the national level.
    Implementation
    National Report:
    Para 8) As for the treaties that the Republic of Korea has not ratified, the government commissioned research projects have been carried out on ... the OP-ICESCR.
  • State Under Review:

    Republic of Korea

    Republic of Korea
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Source Of Reference:

    Stakeholder Summary

    Issue:
    • Other
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    2nd session, May 2008
    Status:
    Neglected
    Contents:
    Article 3 (of the Health Family Act) stipulates that a family can be formed only by marriage, blood relationship and adoption. The law must be revised, because it excludes cohabitation, foster family, unwed parenthood or other non-traditional families. [Para 15]
  • State Under Review:

    Republic of Korea

    Republic of Korea
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Source Of Reference:

    Brazil

    Brazil
    Regional group
    GRULAC
    Political group
    OAS
    OEI
    Issue:
    • Gender equality
    • Women's and / or girls' rights
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    14th session, November 2012
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Combat discrimination against single mothers and their children.
    Explanation
    The Government accepts the recommendations to combat discrimination against single mothers and their children ... The Government wishes to note that the Ministry of Gender Equality and Family is currently carrying out support and counseling work for single mothers and their children.
    Implementation
    National Report:
    Para 43) To tackle prejudice and discrimination against single-parent families, schools at all levels provide education on single-parent families and educate relevant officials on building up expertise on the matter. Furthermore, the Single-Parent Family Support Act was amended in 2016, which sets forth the principle of non-discrimination against children from single-parent families, when caring and educating children. The Government organizes the awareness campaign on single-parent families, while supporting teen fathers and teen mothers by means of additional child support subsidies, education subsidies to prevent academic suspension, and subsidies to support their financial independence. The Government also legislated the Act on Enforcing and Supporting Child Support Payment in 2014 to enable single parents with minor children to receive child support from noncustodial parents. The Child Support Agency was established in 2015 to offer a one-stop service covering consultations, negotiations, litigation and collection, and follow-up management.
  • State Under Review:

    Republic of Korea

    Republic of Korea
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Source Of Reference:

    United States

    United States
    Regional group
    WEOG
    Political group
    OAS
    Issue:
    • Discrimination based on sexual orientation
    • Rights of same-sex desiring persons
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    14th session, November 2012
    Status:
    Unclear Response
    Contents:
    Review the possibility of repealing laws that criminalize on the basis of sexual orientation within the military.
    Explanation
    Article 92(5) of the Military Criminal Act has the purpose of maintaining discipline within the military by punishing specific acts of indecent conduct; it is not a regulation for the punishment of sexual orientation itself.
    Implementation
    National Report:
    Para 18) The crime of indecent act stipulated under Article 92-6 of the Military Criminal Act does not intend to impose criminal punishment by reason of one’s sexual orientation, but is set out to uphold military order and discipline, taking into account the nature of communal living in barracks. The Constitutional Court has also ruled several times in favour of the constitutionality of the concerned provision for this reason. Nonetheless, an amendment bill to abolish the provision has been submitted to the National Assembly and the Ministry of National Defence is considering the necessity of the amendment.

    Stakeholder Summary:
    Para 28) AI reported that the Military Criminal Act continued to punish consensual sexual activity between people of the same sex in the military. Gay men faced considerable difficulties in fulfilling their military obligations free from violence, bullying or verbal abuse.
  • State Under Review:

    Republic of Korea

    Republic of Korea
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Source Of Reference:

    Germany

    Germany
    Regional group
    WEOG
    Political group
    EU
    Issue:
    • Birth registration
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    14th session, November 2012
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Establish a national adoption centre and an obligation to register right after birth.
    Implementation
    National Report:
    Para 50) The universal birth registration requires mandatory birth reporting upon the birth of a child. The birth of a child of foreign nationals born in the Republic of Korea shall be registered in accordance with the laws of their countries even in cases where the parents are undocumented migrants. Children born to refugees can be registered as foreigners if they submit birth certificate issued by a hospital. The Act on the Registration, etc. of Family Relation was amended in May 2016 to allow a prosecutor or the head of a local government to report a child’s birth if the persons who are obligated to report fails to do and jeopardizes the child’s welfare.

    UN Compilation:
    Para 15) Noting the universal periodic review recommendation on a birth registration system, the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) reported that the birth registration system failed to ensure universal and compulsory birth registration and that foreigners whose children had been born in the country were not able to register their children through the family register, although their children might receive a birth notification document from the hospital.

    Stakeholder Summary:
    Para 23) JS2 stated that the Government has refused to register births of children of foreign nationals. The parents might register the birth of their child through the embassies of their countries. However, refugees were often reluctant to approach the embassies to register the birth of their child.

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