Displaying 401 - 425 of 58160 recommendations found
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State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:ThailandThailandRegional groupAsia-Pacific GroupPolitical groupASEANIssue:
- Trafficking in women and / or girls
Type:RecommendationSession:19th session, May 2014Status:AcceptedContents:Consider improving assistance, including medical and social services, and shelter for trafficking victims, particularly women and children.ImplementationNational Report:
Para 51) Legal and institutional framework in the field of trafficking is improved, and includes amendments to the Criminal Procedure Code (Law 35/2017) and an improved position and access to the criminal process for the victim. Law ‘On Social Care Services’ places a requirement on all institutions responsible for treatment of a trafficked persons to take all specific measures and actions for their assistance and support, in order to find a lasting solution. Law ‘On State Police’ provides for additional safeguards for the protection and comprehensive support for victims of trafficking, especially women and children. Para 52) The National Strategy on the Fight against Human Trafficking 2018-2020 is organised around four main pillars (investigation and criminal prosecution, victim protection and assistance, prevention, and coordination), with a budget for its activities. The Cross-sectoral Strategy on the Fight against Organised Crime, Illicit Trafficking and Terrorism 2013–2020, increasing the efforts in the fight against trafficking of persons. Strengthening international and inter-institutional cooperation with all stakeholders, in particular with the Serious Crimes Prosecution Office, which deals with trafficking cases of women, vulnerable groups and children.
UN Compilation:
Para 19) The Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination welcomed the National Strategy on the Fight against Human Trafficking for 2018–2020,49 but was concerned that Roma and Egyptian women and children were disproportionately overrepresented among victims of trafficking. CEDAW was concerned that Albania remained a source and destination country for trafficking in women and girls, especially for trafficking linked to tourism in coastal areas.
Stakeholder Summary:
Para 13) In 2016, the Council of Europe Group of Experts on Action against Trafficking in Human Beings (CoE-GRETA) … … referred to a surge in the number of female victims of trafficking for the purpose of sexual exploitation and child victims trafficked for the purpose of sexual exploitation and/or begging during the tourist season.
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State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:FranceFranceRegional groupWEOGPolitical groupEUOIFIssue:
- Sexual exploitation / slavery
- Trafficking in women and / or girls
Type:RecommendationSession:19th session, May 2014Status:AcceptedContents:Strengthen the legislation and the national action plan to fight trafficking in persons, in order to end the sexual exploitation of children.ImplementationNational Report:
Para 12) Law No. 7895/1995 “On the Criminal Code” has undergone a series of amendments, including definition of several criminal offences, and provided for more severe criminal sentences in the field of gender-based violence and child protection, including for sexual abuse and economic exploitation of children.
Stakeholder Summary:
Para 13) In 2016, the Council of Europe Group of Experts on Action against Trafficking in Human Beings (CoE-GRETA) … … referred to a surge in the number of female victims of trafficking for the purpose of sexual exploitation and child victims trafficked for the purpose of sexual exploitation and/or begging during the tourist season.
Para 36) JS1 reported of constantly increasing numbers of crimes of sexual nature, including against children. It stated that the low rate of reporting to the police and consequently to the justice system was mainly due to the associated shame.114 CoE-Commissioner noted the amendments to the Criminal Code which provided for safeguards for the protection of children from sexual crimes and economic exploitation, increased the maximum sentence for crimes of child sexual abuse and added a new offence criminalising violence of a sexual nature in the Criminal Code.
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State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:UN CompilationIssue:
- Family planning
- Abortion
- Sex selection / "foeticide"
Type:Review DocumentationSession:19th session, May 2014Status:NeglectedContents:... CESCR recommended that Albania prevent sex-selective abortions, including by reducing the recourse to abortion through expanded and improved family planning services. [Para 52] -
State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:National ReportIssue:
- Domestic violence
Type:Review DocumentationSession:19th session, May 2014Status:N/AContents:Since 2011, the Task Force against Trafficking in Human Beings has been functioning in line with the reviewed agreement of the National Referral Mechanism for VP/PVT, functioning in 24 municipalities so far. While in 2011 was established Mechanism coordinating the work of referring cases of violence in family relations based on the law "On measures against violence in family relations". [Para 19] -
State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:IranIranRegional groupAsia-Pacific GroupPolitical groupOICIssue:
- Women's and / or girls' rights
Type:RecommendationSession:33rd Session, May 2019Status:Unclear ResponseContents:Investigate serious and systematic violations of human rights by MKO against its own members, in particular women.
ExplanationNoted. "• The Republic of Albania has responded positively to the humanitarian situation of residents for relocation of the Camp Hyrriya in Iraq by welcoming a considerable number of residents, by contributing to the United Nations efforts to support their resettlement. In this regard, Albania is committed based on the humanitarian grounds aiming at offering Camp Hyrriya residents a permanent, safe location outside of Iraq. Albania remains the biggest contributor to the MEK relocation process, despite the limited logistic, financial and human resources capacities. In this regard, Albanian position is based on the fact that the relocation of the MEK to Albania was undertaken on humanitarian bases. As far as the Albanian authorities are concerned, there are no complaints or denunciations for obstructing the inhabitants of this residential centre to leave in another country. ... There were no problems during their deployment. Purchase of land,
construction and transfer of ownership is done according to the legislation.
The conditions of the camp are normal and more than 90% of the works has
been completed. Only a few elderly persons live outside the camp in a rented
flat. Some persons belonging to this community organised protests for social
reasons. No cases of violence against women have been reported or noted in
the camp. There are no children in the Manzë Residential Centre. Deceased
persons belonging to this community are buried in the local cemetery of the
area according to the rules and procedures provided by domestic legislation "
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State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:PakistanPakistanRegional groupAsia-Pacific GroupPolitical groupOICCommonwealthIssue:
- Women's and / or girls' rights
Type:RecommendationSession:33rd Session, May 2019Status:AcceptedContents:Ensure the protection of the rights of vulnerable groups such as women and children, in particular in the context of digital space.
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State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:IsraelIsraelRegional groupWEOGIssue:
- Intersex persons' rights
- Discrimination based on sexual orientation
- Discrimination based on gender identity
Type:RecommendationSession:33rd Session, May 2019Status:AcceptedContents:Ensure that LGBTI individuals are protected from bullying and discrimination in the educational system.
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State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:IcelandIcelandRegional groupWEOGIssue:
- Violence against women / gender-based violence
- Training for state personnel on sexual rights issues
Type:RecommendationSession:33rd Session, May 2019Status:AcceptedContents:Ensure that police are adequately trained and have skills to respond, investigate and properly manage cases of violence against women, as well as to seek orders of protection for victims.
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State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:Costa RicaCosta RicaRegional groupGRULACPolitical groupOASOEIACSIssue:
- Violence against women / gender-based violence
- Sexual violence
- Domestic violence
- Trafficking in women and / or girls
Type:RecommendationSession:33rd Session, May 2019Status:AcceptedContents:Increase the number of reception and orientation centers available to assist women victims of domestic violence, sexual violence and trafficking in human beings.
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State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:UN CompilationIssue:
- HIV and AIDS
Type:Review DocumentationSession:33rd Session, May 2019Status:Reference AddressedContents:CEDAW was concerned about the increasing number of cases of mother-to-child transmission of HIV, despite the prevention programmes in place. It recommended that Albania strengthen its efforts to prevent mother-to-child transmission of HIV through regular screening, early diagnosis and free distribution of antiretroviral medicines. [Para 26] -
State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:Stakeholder SummaryIssue:
- Maternal health / morbidity / mortality
- HIV and AIDS
- Sexual and / or reproductive rights and / or health broadly
Type:Review DocumentationSession:33rd Session, May 2019Status:Not Followed up with a RecommendationContents:Joint Submission 7 (JS7) reported that the Government’s spending on healthcare was about 2.6% of the GDP, which was lower than that of countries with similar levels of income. There were shortfalls in the infrastructure of healthcare services, long distances to access healthcare centers, and lack of access to specialized sexually transmitted infection/HIV and sexual health and rights services. ... JS7 reported that emergency obstetrical services were limited or absent in small districts leading to the increasing maternal mortality rates. [Para 19]
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State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:UN CompilationIssue:
- Gender equality
Type:Review DocumentationSession:19th session, May 2014Status:Reference AddressedContents:CEDAW recommended that Albania address gender stereotypes that perpetuate discrimination against women. [Para 6] -
State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:NetherlandsNetherlandsRegional groupWEOGPolitical groupEUIssue:
- Gender equality
Type:RecommendationSession:6th session, December 2009Status:AcceptedContents:Amend the economic aid law and the property law so that they in no circumstances discriminate against women. -
State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:AzerbaijanAzerbaijanRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICCISIssue:
- International human rights instruments
Type:RecommendationSession:6th session, December 2009Status:AcceptedContents:Ratify CRPD.ImplementationNational Report:
Para 43) The CRPD was ratified by the Albanian Assembly in November 2012. Concerning the OP of the Convention, the Albanian authorities are evaluating this recommendation and shall soon consider its signing and ratification. -
State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:National ReportIssue:
- Gender equality
Type:Review DocumentationSession:6th session, December 2009Status:N/AContents:With a view to increasing the women representation, the law "On gender equality in society" envisages the gender neutral quota over 30 per cent in all level of institutions. The new Electoral Code adopted in 2008 envisages the obligation that in the elections for the Parliament of Albania of June 2009, 30 per cent of the Member of Parliament candidates should be females. [Para 95] -
State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:UN CompilationIssue:
- "Honour crimes"
- Violence against women / gender-based violence
Type:Review DocumentationSession:6th session, December 2009Status:Reference AddressedContents:CESCR recommended that Albania take rigorous measures to prosecute those who engage or collaborate in vendetta or honour killings and other forms of violence. [Para 40] -
State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:TurkeyTurkeyRegional groupWEOGPolitical groupOICIssue:
- Gender equality
- Women's and / or girls' rights
Type:RecommendationSession:19th session, May 2014Status:AcceptedContents:Take effective measures to accelerate the consolidation of property rights as an aspect of ensuring gender equality.ImplementationUN Compilation:
Para 32) [CEDAW] noted with concern that only a small percentage of women in the country owned land, and that Law No. 33/2012, which provided for joint ownership by both spouses of property acquired during marriage, was not being implemented effectively.
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State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:LithuaniaLithuaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupEUIssue:
- Domestic violence
Type:RecommendationSession:19th session, May 2014Status:AcceptedContents:Ensure that all reports of domestic violence are thoroughly investigated and that the perpetrators are brought to justice.ImplementationNational Report:
Para 46) An increase in reporting and cases management, particularly in cases of domestic violence, has been evidenced by the State Police. During 2016–2018, there are in total 13661 cases of domestic violence: 6187 claims for Emergency Protection Orders and Protection Orders (EPO / PO-7837 women and girls identified as victims of violence. 7847 lawsuits for EPO/PO.
Para 47) According to the General Prosecution Office, in relation with criminal offense "Domestic Violence" from 2016–2018, the number of recorded criminal proceedings is: 3566 cases, with an increase of percentage year by year. The Prosecution Office submitted before the court over 79% of the criminal proceedings cases.
Para 48) An online registration system on statistical data on domestic violence at the local level is operational. National Data System on domestic violence cases at the local level (REVALB) is used by 22 municipalities. Local violence coordinators in each municipality collect data on cases identified and addressed by the Referral Mechanism for Addressing Cases of Domestic Violence (Referral Mechanism). The system registers every case of violence identified and addressed by the local referral mechanism.
Stakeholder Summary:
Para 30) JS5 further observed that the number of protection orders increased by one third due to increased awareness by victims of domestic violence, as well as the increased accountability of responsible institutions in addressing domestic violence. JS5 noted that courts dismissed an alarming number of protection order cases mostly because the petitioner had asked to withdraw the request or because the offender had failed to show up to the court hearing or following reconciliation.
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State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:PortugalPortugalRegional groupWEOGPolitical groupEUOEIIssue:
- Discrimination based on sexual orientation
- Discrimination based on gender identity
Type:RecommendationSession:19th session, May 2014Status:AcceptedContents:Continue to take steps to fully implement the Law on Protection from Discrimination in relation to discrimination based on sexual orientation and gender identity.ImplementationNational Report:
Para 35) A new Code of Administrative Procedures (Law 44/2015) was approved by the Assembly of the Republic of Albania on 30.04.2015 and entered into force on 28.05.2016. An important step is the provision related the reverse of the burden of proof in matters of discrimination. The public body should be guided by the principle of equality and antidiscrimination for grounds provided by law, including gender and gender identity.
Para 120) The National Action Plan for Non-discrimination on the Grounds of Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity 2012-2014 and the National Action Plan for LGBTI Persons 2016-2020 foresee several measures to address discrimination and integration of these groups. The strategic goals are: Improving the legal and institutional framework, as well as raising awareness on non-discrimination and protection of LGBTI people's rights, in line with international standards; Elimination of all forms of discrimination against the LGBTI community, through capacity building of law enforcement structures; Improving access to employment, education, health, housing and sports for LGBTI persons, while guaranteeing their equal opportunities.
UN Compilation:
Para 6) The United Nations country team noted that despite legal developments to promote non-discrimination, discrimination against lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and intersex persons persisted, including denial of their right to marry and have a family, the right to gender reassignment surgery for transgender persons, and the right to self-determination in relation to bodily integrity for intersex persons. The country team also noted that there was an urgent need to improve the range of and access to high quality sexual and reproductive health services for lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and intersex persons. It recommended that Albania enforce the current legislation and national action plan and improve access to sexual and reproductive health services. 13 The Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights reported that it had led the “free and equal” campaign to promote equal rights for and fair treatment of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and intersex persons, through the media and national events.
Stakeholder Summary:
Para 5) Joint Submission 3 (JS3) stated that Article 18 of the Constitution included the grounds for prohibition from discrimination and did not include sexual orientation and gender identity as a prohibited ground for discrimination. It noted the adoption of the 2015 resolution by the Parliament “On protection of rights and freedoms of persons belonging to the lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) community in Albania” , of the LGBTI National Action Plan for 2016-2020, and of the 2015 amendments to the Labour Code prohibiting discrimination in employment and professions on the grounds of sexual orientation and gender identity. S3 reported, however, that the Family Code defined marriage only between a man and a woman, and did not guarantee the right of LGBTI couples to adopt or have children via artificial insemination, limiting patrimonial rights. Despite the development of a manual on detecting hate crimes on grounds of sexual orientation and gender identity, and of a series of trainings for police officers, JS3 observed that the police force remained largely untrained and uninformed on LGBTI rights. The number of reported hate-crime cases on the ground of sexual orientation and gender identity was very low and data collection on hate crimes was still lacking. JS3 also noted the reported frequent use of homophobic slurs and bullying against LGBT students in schools, while school psychologists largely ignored the requests for support and, in some cases, offered conversion therapies. JS3 further noted that transgender students were forced to drop out from schools because of isolation and discrimination.
Stakeholder Summary:
Para 20) JS7 reported that LGBTI persons lacked full access to healthcare and experienced poor quality of service due to discrimination, stigmatization and negative attitudes. JS3 specified that transgender persons faced discrimination or refusal of services from health professionals on the grounds of their gender identity, and that there were no medical multidisciplinary team working with intersex babies nor written protocols for establishing intersex diagnosis.
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State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:UN CompilationIssue:
- Discrimination based on sexual orientation
- Discrimination based on gender identity
Type:Review DocumentationSession:19th session, May 2014Status:Reference AddressedContents:The HR Committee noted the 2013 amendment of the Criminal Code, widening protection against discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation. However, it was concerned at stereotypes and prejudices against lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) persons and negative statements by public officials against them. CEDAW called on Albania to implement fully the Law on Protection from Discrimination in relation to discrimination based on gender identity and sexual orientation. [Para 10] -
State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:National ReportIssue:
- Domestic violence
Type:Review DocumentationSession:19th session, May 2014Status:N/AContents:During this period numerous laws and bylaws have been amended and adopted, mainly those ensuring the promotion and protection of human rights: Amendments to the laws: "On measures against violence in family relations"(2010) ... [Para 7] -
State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:PortugalPortugalRegional groupWEOGPolitical groupEUOEIIssue:
- Intersex persons' rights
- Discrimination based on sexual orientation
- Training for state personnel on sexual rights issues
- Discrimination based on gender identity
Type:RecommendationSession:33rd Session, May 2019Status:AcceptedContents:Ensure that LGBTI persons are protected from stigma and discrimination in access to healthcare by, inter alia, introducing trainings on LGBTI rights to all health personnel and awareness-raising campaign on equal access to healthcare.
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State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:GhanaGhanaRegional groupAfrica GroupPolitical groupAUOIFCommonwealthIssue:
- HIV and AIDS
Type:RecommendationSession:33rd Session, May 2019Status:AcceptedContents:Consider strengthening efforts to prevent mother-to-child transmission of HIV/AIDS through regular screening, early diagnosis and distribution of antiretroviral drugs.
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State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:IcelandIcelandRegional groupWEOGIssue:
- Domestic violence
Type:RecommendationSession:33rd Session, May 2019Status:AcceptedContents:Ensure the full implementation of the Civil Law “On Measures against Violence in Family Relations” prohibiting the use of mediation or conciliation in cases concerning domestic violence.
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State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:MyanmarMyanmarRegional groupAsia-Pacific GroupPolitical groupASEANIssue:
- Sexual violence
- Domestic violence
Type:RecommendationSession:33rd Session, May 2019Status:AcceptedContents:Take further steps to enhance policies for protection and psycho-social support for vulnerable groups, particularly those facing domestic violence, sexual violence and victims of human trafficking.