Displaying 41526 - 41550 of 58160 recommendations found
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State Under Review:Republic of CongoRepublic of CongoRegional groupAfrica GroupPolitical groupAUOIFSource Of Reference:EstoniaEstoniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupEUIssue:
- Marital rape
- Violence against women / gender-based violence
- Female genital mutilation / cutting
- Women's and / or girls' rights
Type:RecommendationSession:31st Session, November 2018Status:AcceptedContents:Combat gender-based discrimination and violence, including marital rape and female genital mutilation. -
State Under Review:Republic of CongoRepublic of CongoRegional groupAfrica GroupPolitical groupAUOIFSource Of Reference:LebanonLebanonRegional groupAsia-Pacific GroupPolitical groupOICALOIFIssue:
- Gender equality
- Women's and / or girls' rights
Type:RecommendationSession:31st Session, November 2018Status:AcceptedContents:Continue to take measures promoting women’s rights and ensuring gender equality. -
State Under Review:Republic of CongoRepublic of CongoRegional groupAfrica GroupPolitical groupAUOIFSource Of Reference:Stakeholder SummaryIssue:
- Discrimination based on sexual orientation
- Discrimination based on gender identity
- Violence on the basis of sexual orientation
- Violence on the basis of gender identity
Type:Review DocumentationSession:31st Session, November 2018Status:Reference AddressedContents:JS3 recommended repealing Art. 331 of the Criminal Code and criminalize with aggravated penalties acts of hatred and discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation and gender identity; ... [Para 15] -
State Under Review:Republic of CongoRepublic of CongoRegional groupAfrica GroupPolitical groupAUOIFSource Of Reference:UN CompilationIssue:
- Marginalized groups of women
Type:Review DocumentationSession:31st Session, November 2018Status:Not Followed up with a RecommendationContents:CRC ... was concerned about the hardship of refugees and asylum seekers’ living conditions, especially those of refugee and asylum-seeking children, about ... degrading treatment of children, mostly girls, and about high school dropout rates among refugee children, particularly girls. [Para 74] -
State Under Review:Republic of CongoRepublic of CongoRegional groupAfrica GroupPolitical groupAUOIFSource Of Reference:BrazilBrazilRegional groupGRULACPolitical groupOASOEIIssue:
- Women's and / or girls' rights
Type:RecommendationSession:17th session, November 2013Status:AcceptedContents:Continue to promote the rights of women, with a focus on obtaining demonstrable results as regards, in particular, access to health services and to the labour market.ImplementationNational Report:
Para 61) Existing Congolese law provides that, “irrespective of any property derived from the dissolution of the marriage, the surviving spouse has property and usufruct rights over the main residence, the right to remain in occupation at that residence and, where applicable, the right to a survivor’s pension, annuity or portion of the death benefit”. Surviving spouses may not be declared unworthy to inherit for refusing to participate in customary mourning rituals. Cruelty to or maltreatment of a widow or widower at mourning ceremonies is punishable under the Criminal Code.
Para 62) The principle of spousal equality has been carried over into the draft personal and family code, which is in the process of being adopted. The draft also contains a number of new provisions. For instance, it stipulates that, “if none of the relatives of a deceased person is entitled to inherit, the surviving spouse receives the inheritance in full”. The new code will significantly mitigate the widely condemned effects of widowhood practices and even prohibit them in certain cases. The draft also stipulates, inter alia, that “a woman may not be considered as part of her deceased husband’s estate. Customary practices that require a widow to marry one of her deceased husband’s relatives are thus prohibited.” These practices are punishable under the draft Criminal Code.
Para 63) Customs and traditions that remove or restrict women’s right to occupy or acquire customary land or land in urban or peri-urban areas have been declared null and void.
UN Compilation:
Para 16) CRC was concerned about the … the multiple gender-based discrimination against girls.
Para 36) [CRC] was concerned about the unequal parental responsibilities of the mother and the father, ingrained in law and in practice.
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State Under Review:Republic of CongoRepublic of CongoRegional groupAfrica GroupPolitical groupAUOIFSource Of Reference:Sierra LeoneSierra LeoneRegional groupAfrica GroupPolitical groupAUOICCommonwealthIssue:
- Gender equality
Type:RecommendationSession:17th session, November 2013Status:AcceptedContents:Launch a national campaign to combat all forms of marginalisation or discrimination based on gender ...ImplementationUN Compilation:
Para 16) CRC was concerned about the … the multiple gender-based discrimination against girls.
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State Under Review:Republic of CongoRepublic of CongoRegional groupAfrica GroupPolitical groupAUOIFSource Of Reference:MexicoMexicoRegional groupGRULACPolitical groupOASOEIACSIssue:
- Violence against women / gender-based violence
- Sexual violence
Type:RecommendationSession:17th session, November 2013Status:AcceptedContents:Provide medical and psychological assistance to women who were victims of sexual violations during the conflicts. -
State Under Review:Republic of CongoRepublic of CongoRegional groupAfrica GroupPolitical groupAUOIFSource Of Reference:FranceFranceRegional groupWEOGPolitical groupEUOIFIssue:
- Discrimination based on sexual orientation
- Discrimination based on gender identity
- Rights of same-sex desiring persons
- Transgender persons' rights
Type:RecommendationSession:17th session, November 2013Status:RejectedContents:Guarantee equal rights for all citizens, and fight against all forms of discrimination based on sexual orientation or gender identity.ImplementationStakeholder Summary:
Para 14) JS3 stated that the 2015 Constitution did not include and provide a general prohibition of discrimination and did not guarantee the protection and promotion of the human rights of LGBTI. Discrimination towards LGBTI was observed at the institutional level; there have been cases of harassment perpetuated by police officers and refusal of asylum to asylum seekers on the basis of sexual orientation and gender identity. JS3 noted that article 127 of the Family Code defines marriage as an act of union established between a man and a woman, and article 56 of the same Code imposes the nullity of any marriage pronounced between two persons of the same sex. According to JS3, Art. 127 of the Family Code and Art. 330 and Art. 331 of the Penal Code are frequently used as a pretext to socially condemn LGBTI persons.
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State Under Review:Republic of CongoRepublic of CongoRegional groupAfrica GroupPolitical groupAUOIFSource Of Reference:UN CompilationIssue:
- Gender equality
Type:Review DocumentationSession:17th session, November 2013Status:Reference AddressedContents:CEDAW urged to review and amend the above existing discriminatory provisions ... [Para 30] -
State Under Review:Republic of CongoRepublic of CongoRegional groupAfrica GroupPolitical groupAUOIFSource Of Reference:UN CompilationIssue:
- Family planning
- Contraception
- Sexually transmitted infections
- HIV and AIDS
- Adolescent pregnancy
- Sexual and / or reproductive rights and / or health broadly
Type:Review DocumentationSession:17th session, November 2013Status:NeglectedContents:CEDAW called on the Congo to promote education on sexual and reproductive health and rights, with special attention to early pregnancy and the use of contraceptives for family planning and prevention of sexually transmitted diseases, including HIV/AIDS; and ensuring that all women and girls have free access to contraceptives, and sexual and reproductive health services. [Para 79] -
State Under Review:Republic of CongoRepublic of CongoRegional groupAfrica GroupPolitical groupAUOIFSource Of Reference:SloveniaSloveniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupEUIssue:
- Sexual exploitation / slavery
- International human rights instruments
Type:RecommendationSession:5th session, May 2009Status:AcceptedContents:Ratify both Protocols to the CRC (CRC-OP-AC and the Optional Protocol on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography, CRC-OP-SC)ImplementationNational Report:
Para 35) Since the first UPR, the Congo has been a party to the following international legal instruments: OP-CRC-SC, New York, 25 May 2000 (accession, 25 October 2009). -
State Under Review:Republic of CongoRepublic of CongoRegional groupAfrica GroupPolitical groupAUOIFSource Of Reference:AzerbaijanAzerbaijanRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICCISIssue:
- Gender equality
Type:RecommendationSession:5th session, May 2009Status:AcceptedContents:Reinforce efforts to combat discrimination against women.ImplementationNational Report:
Para 75) Currently, there is no provision under domestic legislation to define discrimination against women. However, the lack of a legal definition notwithstanding, efforts are being made to ensure that women are equal as regards ownership of property, access to employment and political activity. Women may own land through matrilineal or patrilineal filiation, through inheritance or by marriage.
Para 76) The Ministry for the Advancement of Women and the Integration of Women into Development has introduced a bill on the representation of women in political, administrative and elected positions. The Supreme Court has given a favourable opinion on the bill. Irrespective of the bill, Congolese women already play an active part in all sectors of public life.
UN Compilation:
Para 20) CEDAW and UNICEF welcomed the 2009-2013 National Gender Plan of Action ... -
State Under Review:Republic of CongoRepublic of CongoRegional groupAfrica GroupPolitical groupAUOIFSource Of Reference:SpainSpainRegional groupWEOGPolitical groupEUOEIIssue:
- Harmful practices based on cultural / traditional values
- Female genital mutilation / cutting
Type:RecommendationSession:5th session, May 2009Status:AcceptedContents:Adopt legislation to prohibit female genital mutilation and measures to eradicate this practice, including campaigns to increase awareness of this issue.ImplementationNational Report:
Para 82) Female genital mutilation is prohibited in the Congo by article 62 of Act No. 4-2010 of 14 June 2010 on the protection of children in the Republic of the Congo. Campaigns to raise awareness about such practices are organized as part of the effort to combat sexual violence. -
State Under Review:Republic of CongoRepublic of CongoRegional groupAfrica GroupPolitical groupAUOIFSource Of Reference:Outcome ReportIssue:
- Discrimination based on sexual orientation
- Discrimination based on gender identity
- HIV and AIDS
- Criminal laws on same-sex sexual practices
- Rights of same-sex desiring persons
- Transgender persons' rights
- Violence on the basis of sexual orientation
- Violence on the basis of gender identity
Type:CommentSession:31st Session, November 2018Status:N/AContents:Federatie van Nederlandse Verenigingen tot Integratie Van Homoseksualiteit-COC Nederland, in the joint statement with the International Lesbian and Gay Association acknowledged the recommendations to the Government of the Congo regarding the protection of individuals against violence and discrimination based on sexual orientation and gender identity, which were noted by the Government. The organizations welcomed the inclusion of a development policy against HIV, which included LGBT people, but expressed the need for more to be done with regard to HIV and also to combat violence and discrimination against Congolese LGBTI people. They ultimately called on the Congolese Government to change its position on article 331 of the Penal Code. [Para 439] -
State Under Review:Republic of CongoRepublic of CongoRegional groupAfrica GroupPolitical groupAUOIFSource Of Reference:DenmarkDenmarkRegional groupWEOGPolitical groupEUIssue:
- International human rights instruments
Type:RecommendationSession:31st Session, November 2018Status:AcceptedContents:Ratify the OP-CEDAW. -
State Under Review:Republic of CongoRepublic of CongoRegional groupAfrica GroupPolitical groupAUOIFSource Of Reference:BelarusBelarusRegional groupEEGPolitical groupCISIssue:
- HIV and AIDS
Type:RecommendationSession:31st Session, November 2018Status:AcceptedContents:Intensify efforts to combat HIV / AIDS, including through the possible development and implementation of a comprehensive national program. -
State Under Review:Republic of CongoRepublic of CongoRegional groupAfrica GroupPolitical groupAUOIFSource Of Reference:South AfricaSouth AfricaRegional groupAfrica GroupPolitical groupAUCommonwealthIssue:
- Empowerment of women
- Women's participation
Type:RecommendationSession:31st Session, November 2018Status:AcceptedContents:Strengthen efforts on the empowerment of women, including their representation in decision-making bodies and enhanced support to rural women. -
State Under Review:Republic of CongoRepublic of CongoRegional groupAfrica GroupPolitical groupAUOIFSource Of Reference:MexicoMexicoRegional groupGRULACPolitical groupOASOEIACSIssue:
- Birth registration
Type:RecommendationSession:31st Session, November 2018Status:AcceptedContents:Redouble efforts to strengthen the birth registration system so that it is universal, efficient, accessible and promotes immediate registration without discrimination due to gender, ethnic or national origin, and disability among others. -
State Under Review:Republic of CongoRepublic of CongoRegional groupAfrica GroupPolitical groupAUOIFSource Of Reference:UN CompilationIssue:
- Sexual abuse
- Marginalized groups of women
- Marital rape
- Violence against women / gender-based violence
- Female genital mutilation / cutting
Type:Review DocumentationSession:31st Session, November 2018Status:Reference AddressedContents:The Committee against Torture invited the Congo to adopt a comprehensive law punishing all forms of violence against women, including marital rape, female genital mutilation and the sexual abuse and exploitation of women in prison and in conflict areas. [Para 48] -
State Under Review:Republic of CongoRepublic of CongoRegional groupAfrica GroupPolitical groupAUOIFSource Of Reference:UN CompilationIssue:
- Female genital mutilation / cutting
Type:Review DocumentationSession:31st Session, November 2018Status:Not Followed up with a RecommendationContents:CRC ... also recommended criminalizing female genital mutilation. [Para 49] -
State Under Review:Republic of CongoRepublic of CongoRegional groupAfrica GroupPolitical groupAUOIFSource Of Reference:BrazilBrazilRegional groupGRULACPolitical groupOASOEIIssue:
- International human rights instruments
- Gender equality
Type:RecommendationSession:17th session, November 2013Status:AcceptedContents:Step up its efforts geared at completing its accession to CEDAW-OP. -
State Under Review:Republic of CongoRepublic of CongoRegional groupAfrica GroupPolitical groupAUOIFSource Of Reference:ChinaChinaRegional groupAsia-Pacific GroupIssue:
- Gender equality
Type:RecommendationSession:17th session, November 2013Status:AcceptedContents:Continue to take stronger efforts and measures to improve women's status and promote gender equality.ImplementationNational Report:
Para 22) The national system for protecting and promoting human rights is not limited to the National Human Rights Commission but also includes other national bodies, for example … bodies newly established under the Constitution of 25 October 2015, such as: … • The Women’s Advisory Council, tasked with issuing advice on the situation of women and offering the Government suggestions for promoting women’s participation in the country’s development.
Para 23) The following institutional acts have been adopted to supplement this legal framework: … Organic Act No. 14-2018 of 15 March 2018 on the organization, membership and functioning of the Women’s Advisory Council.
Para 49) The Congo has signed a United Nations Development Assistance Framework for the period 2014–2018. On 4 March 2016, the Ministry for the Advancement of Women and the Integration of Women in Development entered into an agreement with UNDP on an annual workplan for a project to support gender, female leadership and HIV/AIDS prevention.
Para 51) Overall, many activities have been conducted to promote and protect women’s rights. They include an information, education and communication campaign on the growth of the teenage pregnancy rate, which took place on 22 July 2015 in Pool department and from 5 to 8 August 2015 in Sangha department. In addition, a meeting on reviving the National Observatory on Gender-based Violence was held in Brazzaville on 9 September.
Para 52) Since 2014, the Congo has increased the participation of women in political and public life and strengthened their representation in decision-making bodies.
Para 53) The Congolese Constitution of 25 October 2015 guarantees the principle of parity and affirms that women and men have equal rights. Women’s advancement and representation in all political, elective and administrative posts are guaranteed by law. These principles have been incorporated into the Electoral Act.
Para 54) The new article 61 of the Electoral Act stipulates that “women must constitute at least 30 per cent of candidates put forward for election to the National Assembly and the Senate”.
Para 55) The representation of women in decision-making bodies currently stands at 11.5 per cent in the National Assembly, 22.9 per cent in the Senate, 22.85 per cent in the Government, 12 per cent in decision-making positions in the ministries, 18.82 per cent in departmental councils, 23.5 per cent in municipal councils and 20 per cent in the Supreme Court.
Para 56) According to the most recent civil service personnel audit, women make up 49.5 per cent of public sector workers.
Para 57) Under the 2012–2016 National Development Plan, activities have been conducted throughout the Congo to support farming and market gardening partnerships and hairdressing and sewing training centres for women. Many measures have been introduced across the country to support income-generating activities, which serve to empower women. They include the distribution of hairdressing and sewing kits, agricultural processing equipment, mechanical equipment and motor vehicles. Between 2012 and 2017, 3,186 such items were distributed, including 1,692 sewing kits, 780 hairdressing kits, 40 units of agricultural processing equipment, 152 market gardening kits, 40 units of household equipment, 23 units of mechanical and motorized equipment and 459 Kavaki motor vehicles.
Para 64) This legislative framework and regular activities to support women are the tools with which the Congo is working to improve women’s lives, allow them to thrive and guarantee respect for their fundamental rights.
Para 105) According to the second Congolese National Household Survey on Poverty, the unemployment rate in the Congo is 6.9 per cent, with some disparities between men and women. … Among persons with disabilities, the rate is 19.85 per cent for men and 9.54 per cent for women, according to the 2017 General Population and Housing Census.
Para 136) Human rights organizations expect, and indeed demand, the immediate adoption of legislation on the prohibition of torture, the abolition of the death penalty and the effective attainment of gender parity. They consider that, even within the Government itself, women are not only underrepresented but also still lack access to certain positions and privileges, such as: • Posts in the core ministries of the State • The position of cabinet minister.
Para 137) No woman has ever been promoted to the rank of general in the armed forces nor held the top position in any of the constitutional institutions. Human rights organizations consider this to be a violation of the CEDAW.
UN Compilation:
Para 10) The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) noted that a new Constitution had been promulgated on 6 November 2015. It had been adopted by referendum on 25 October 2015. This text … establishes the equality of men and women before the law.
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State Under Review:Republic of CongoRepublic of CongoRegional groupAfrica GroupPolitical groupAUOIFSource Of Reference:Cote d'IvoireCote d'IvoireRegional groupAfrica GroupPolitical groupAUOICOIFIssue:
- Harmful practices based on cultural / traditional values
- Gender equality
- Women's and / or girls' rights
Type:RecommendationSession:17th session, November 2013Status:AcceptedContents:Ensure gender equality in inheritance matters, as well as the protection of women against harmful traditional practices.ImplementationNational Report:
Para 17) The draft code also protects fundamental rights and freedoms by punishing outrages on human freedom and dignity. Its provisions cover, among other acts, … forced marriage.
Para 61) Existing Congolese law provides that, “irrespective of any property derived from the dissolution of the marriage, the surviving spouse has property and usufruct rights over the main residence, the right to remain in occupation at that residence and, where applicable, the right to a survivor’s pension, annuity or portion of the death benefit”. Surviving spouses may not be declared unworthy to inherit for refusing to participate in customary mourning rituals. Cruelty to or maltreatment of a widow or widower at mourning ceremonies is punishable under the Criminal Code.
Para 62) The principle of spousal equality has been carried over into the draft personal and family code, which is in the process of being adopted. The draft also contains a number of new provisions. For instance, it stipulates that, “if none of the relatives of a deceased person is entitled to inherit, the surviving spouse receives the inheritance in full”. The new code will significantly mitigate the widely condemned effects of widowhood practices and even prohibit them in certain cases. The draft also stipulates, inter alia, that “a woman may not be considered as part of her deceased husband’s estate. Customary practices that require a widow to marry one of her deceased husband’s relatives are thus prohibited.” These practices are punishable under the draft Criminal Code.
Para 63) Customs and traditions that remove or restrict women’s right to occupy or acquire customary land or land in urban or peri-urban areas have been declared null and void.
UN Compilation:
Para 49) CRC remained concerned that female genital mutilation was still practised among some West African communities living in the Congo.
Stakeholder Summary:
Para 42) JS1 reported that, although reliable data were not yet available, … early marriages of girls, …continued to be a scourge with no sanction applied against the perpetrators of these violations.
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State Under Review:Republic of CongoRepublic of CongoRegional groupAfrica GroupPolitical groupAUOIFSource Of Reference:BelgiumBelgiumRegional groupWEOGPolitical groupEUOIFIssue:
- Violence against women / gender-based violence
Type:RecommendationSession:17th session, November 2013Status:AcceptedContents:Take the necessary measures to put an end to impunity in all cases of violence against women. -
State Under Review:Republic of CongoRepublic of CongoRegional groupAfrica GroupPolitical groupAUOIFSource Of Reference:Sri LankaSri LankaRegional groupAsia-Pacific GroupPolitical groupCommonwealthIssue:
- Gender equality
Type:RecommendationSession:17th session, November 2013Status:AcceptedContents:Continue efforts to promote the enrolment of girls in all levels of education.ImplementationNational Report:
Para 77) The data included in the Government’s 2015 study on the Sectoral Education Strategy for the period 2015–2025 show that girls and boys enjoy nearly equal access to preschool and primary education. The data show that their rates of retention until the end of primary school are the same: 85.3 per cent of boys and 84.5 per cent of girls complete primary school. However, boys have higher rates of access and participation than girls at the lower secondary level. These gaps become wider as children progress through the education system. A report on the 2014–2015 Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey conducted by the National Statistical Institute with the support of UNICEF backs up these findings.
Para 78) In the age group 12–24, more than 8 in 10 young women (84 per cent) and nearly 9 in 10 young men (89 per cent) are literate. Literacy rates are higher in urban areas (91 per cent of young women and 93 per cent of young men) than in rural areas (62 per cent of young women and 74 per cent of young men). For both young women and young men, higher literacy rates lead to significant increases in household socioeconomic status: the literacy rate is 49 per cent for young women from the poorest households versus 98 per cent for those from the wealthiest and 64 per cent for young men from the poorest households versus 98 per cent for those from the wealthiest.
Para 79) In all, 23 per cent of children in the first year of primary school attended a preschool the previous year, with almost no difference between boys (23 per cent) and girls (24 per cent). The proportion of children who start their schooling at the preschool level is 38 per cent for those from urban areas versus 7 per cent for those from rural areas. Household wealth is a major driver of inequalities in school readiness: the proportion of children currently in the first year of primary school who were in a preschool education programme the previous year stands at 5 per cent for those from the poorest households versus 59 per cent for those from the wealthiest.
Para 80) Primary and secondary school attendance rates offer valuable information on inequalities between children of different genders and social backgrounds. In all, 97 per cent of primary school-age children (6–11 years) attend a primary or secondary school. The primary school attendance rates for boys and girls are almost equal (96 per cent versus 97 per cent). …
Para 81) Two thirds of secondary school-age children (12–18 years) attend a secondary or higher education institution. There is no difference in secondary school attendance between boys and girls. …
Para 82) The primary school survival and completion rates remain high. More than 9 in 10 children who enter the first year of secondary school (96 per cent) reach the final year. A child ‘s sex and place of residence have little bearing on the survival rate.
Para 83) The primary school completion rate in the Congo is 91 per cent. It is slightly higher for girls (92 per cent) than for boys (90 per cent) and is almost the same in urban and rural areas.
Para 85) The gender parity index across both the primary and secondary school levels is 1.00, which shows that, nationally, there is little difference in primary and secondary school attendance between girls and boys.
Para 86) At the primary school level, the gender parity index is greater than or equal to 1.00 in 10 of the country’s 12 departments. The two departments in which it is lower are Lékoumou (0.97) and Bouenza (0.99).
Para 87) The secondary school attendance rate is lower for girls than for boys in several departments, as reflected in a gender parity index of less than 1.00. These departments are Kouilou (0.74), Lékoumou (0.84), Bouenza (0.78), Pool (0.83), Plateaux (0.90), Sangha (0.85) and Likouala (0.91).